DB12/T 632-2016《绿色供应链管理体系 要求》标准解析

天津市地方标准DB12/T 632-2016《绿色供应链管理体系要求》于2016年7月1日发布实施,是国内首个发布的绿色供应链管理体系地方标准。此标准对绿色供应链管理体系的组织所处环境、领导作用、策划、支持、运行、绩效评价、持续改进等方面做出了规定,并提出了"绿色"和"绿色供应链"等定义。本文对DB12/T 632-2016进行了概念阐释和条文解析,并为组织实施本标准给出了建议。     

绿色供应链管理模式研究

在对绿色供应链管理研究进展回顾的基础上,借鉴供应链管理与环境管理模式演变的理论成果,研究了绿色供应链与绿色供应链管理的内涵、特征,认为绿色供应链管理模式是全过程的环境管理模式.从战略层、动机层、业务层探讨了绿色供应链的实施问题,认为协调是绿色供应链实施的基础,并就协调问题提出了具体策略.     

环境认证与绿色包装：纪念6月5日“世界环境日”

ISO 140O0国际环境管理标准是全世界绿色产品、绿色包装的唯一标准:其中的环境标志(Evironmental La-belling)也是世界各国绿色产品、绿色包装的唯一标志。尽管在ISO发布实施之前几年,世界一些国家和地区都发布实施了相关的标准,诸如欧共体的EAMS,英国的BS7750,但ISO要求世界各国执行新的国际标准,并从1999年起先后实施环境标志。可以预测,它必将是又一个全球性运动。1 环境管理体系     

制度压力对绿色供应链管理实践的影响研究——创新能力的调节作用

基于制度理论和资源基础观,探究不同类型制度压力对绿色供应链管理实践的差异性影响,以及创新能力的调节作用。基于208份有效问卷数据,研究发现:社会和商业环保压力均对绿色供应链管理实践具有促进作用;相比商业环保压力而言,社会环保压力会更有效地促进绿色供应链管理实践;相比单一压力,当这两种压力共同作用时会对绿色供应链管理实践产生更大的影响;创新能力负向调节社会环保压力与绿色供应链管理实践之间的关系,正向调节商业环保压力与绿色供应链管理实践之间的关系。最后,根据研究结论对企业实施绿色供应链管理实践提出了理论指导与管理启示。     

绿色供应链管理的基本原理

人口、资源与环境三者之间的矛盾日益突显，要求制造业提高其活动与环境的相容性。绿色供应链管理是从系统的观点与集成的思想出发解决制造业与环境之间冲突的有效方式。从可持续发展的思想出发建立了绿色供应链的概念模型，分析了绿色供应链管理的目标，在此基础上探讨了绿色供应链管理的基本原理，认为共生原理、循环原理、替代转换原理与系统开放原理是实施绿色供应链管理应该遵循的基本原理。     

技术监督助力标准实施的再监督机制研析

标准的生命力在于实施,建立行之有效的监督机制,才能促进标准实施落地。本文分析了电网企业传统技术监督支撑标准实施落地的功能性和局限性,提出将标准实施及监督的着眼点,从具体技术指标拓展到标准实施管理体系,构建"对技术进行监督"和"对技术管理进行监督"的再监督机制,系统推动标准实施管理体系的持续优化,助力标准实施效果的提升。     

ISO 22000《食品安全管理体系——整个食品供应链的要求》解读

食品供应如果出现失误,会造成危险和巨大的损失。ISO22000食品安全管理体系旨在通过保证食品供应链无懈可击来确保食品的安全。ISO22000《食品安全管理体系—整个食品供应链的要求》目前正处于国际标准草案阶段(DIS)。2005年这一标准有望成为国际标准。这一标准可以在有或者没有独立方(第三方)符合性认证的情况下单独实施,也可与其他管理体系,如ISO9001:2000组合实施。1.标准所涉及的范围ISO22000具体规定了组织食品供应链中食品安全管理系统的要求:(1)相关组织需要证明其控制食品安全风险的能力,以便持续提供全程安全的食品,其食品既…     

绿色供应链绩效评价的模型研究

分析了传统供应链相对于绿色供应链绩效评价的不足之处,针对绿色供应链管理的特征,给出了绿色供应链管理绩效的影响因素.借鉴供应链绩效评价指标和绿色环保指标,运用专家调查法构建了由五个一级指标:账务价值、客户服务、成本费用、业务流程和环境绩效构成的绿色供应链绩效评价的指标体系.在此基础上,运用多级指标的模糊综合评价法,建立了指标体系的评价模型,该模型较准确、客观地度量了绿色供应链的整体绩效,论文通过实例验证了该评估模型的有效性和正确性.     

建立综合管理体系，追求体现大质量观的卓越绩效

国际标准化组织自发布质量管理体系标准（ISO9001）以来,陆续发布了许多其他管理体系标准,例如环境管理体系标准（ISO14001）、供应链安全管理体系标准（ISO28000）、船运循环管理体系标准（ISO30000）、食品安全管理体系标准（ISO22000）、信息安全管理体系标准（ISO27001）、医疗器械质量管理体系标准ISO13485）、汽车行业质量管理体系标准（ISO／TS16949）等。许多组织依据上述管理体系标准通过了相关认证,因此,ISO发布的管理体系标准对众多组织产生了巨大的影响。     

ISO14001环境管理体系标准未来实施所面临的挑战

自1996年ISO／TC207国际标准化组织环境管理技术委员会发布《ISO14001环境管理体系要求及使用指南》国际标准以来，在全球范围掀起了环境管理体系标准的实施和认证活动，各类组织通过实施环境管理体系标准取得了良好的社会、环境和经济效益。本文在总结分析ISO14001国际标准实施经验的基础上，提出ISO14001国标准未来实施所面临的挑战。     

港口服务供应链绿色运营动力因素及关联效应研究

随着排放问题的日益突出,港口服务供应链如何实现绿色转型已经成为亟待解决的难题之一。基于绿色增长理论提出港口服务供应链绿色运营动力因素概念模型,并通过对港口及供应链相关企业的访谈及调研获得数据,最后利用结构方程模型进行验证。研究发现,港口服务供应链绿色运营行为对外部驱动因素具有较高敏感性,其中利益相关者需求具有强直接效应;政策法规、成本投入具有较强的间接效应和强总体效应;管理理念、技术水平具有较强的直接效应,但总体效应一般。研究结论为港口及服务供应链企业制定更具针对性的绿色转型发展策略提供决策依据。     

对绿色供应链管理内部因素的动态分析

给出了企业绿色供应链管理的动态评价框架,即采用网络分析法,对影响企业绿色供应链管理的内部因素进行动态分析,建立起非线性多属性动态模型,并考虑到各因素或相邻层次间的相互影响,利用"超矩阵"对相互作用的因素进行综合分析,使围绕企业绿色战略中环保实践的关键环节得以体现.     

Supply Chain Management System Model of Virtual Enterprises Based on Multi-Agent

Based on the analysis of a virtual enterprise and the development of supply chain management, their integration is proposed. Then, the difference between multi-agent system modeling method and the traditional modeling method is analyzed, and a method based on Java agent framework for multi-agent systems(JAFMAS) is proposed. By using this method the virtual enterprise's supply chain management system model is established.     

论我国包装企业供应链战略管理的要点

随着全球竞争的加剧,经济的不确定性增大,人们开始将目光从管理企业内部生产过程转向产品全生命周期中的供应环节和整个供应链系统。介绍了物流及供应链管理理论,论述了基于供应链思想的战略管理的特点及它与传统物流管理的比较,指出了包装企业供应链管理改革的必要性及改革的方向,从而构建了包装企业供应链管理改进的方案与措施。     

Supply chain management and environmental technologies: the role of integration

As corporations attempt to move toward environmental sustainability, management must extend their efforts to improve environmental practices across their supply chain. To date, the literature characterising environmental management within the supply chain has been slowly building, but remains sparse. Moreover, investment by plants in environmental technologies cannot be made independently of other organisations in the supply chain. The linkage between supply chain characteristics, such as the degree of integration with primary suppliers and major customers, and the resources invested in different environmental technologies is assessed with plant-level survey data. The results indicate that resources were increasingly allocated toward pollution prevention when plants developed extensive strategic-level integration with suppliers, including such aspects as product development and knowledge sharing. However, these effects were not mirrored with customers. Instead, greater supply chain integration with customers was significantly related to pollution control. Collectively, these findings suggested that downstream supply chain members tend to favour prevention while simultaneously shifting the burden for control to upstream members.     

敏捷供应链管理决策支持系统的研究

首先介绍了敏捷供应链管理技术,然后提出了一种支持敏捷供应链管理的决策支持系统,最后以企业为背景,给出了该决策支持系统的应用。     

A paler shade of green: implications of green product deletion on supply chains

Product management activities by operations, marketing, and finance functions have typically focused on the innovation, acquisition, growth, and management of product lines and products. The same is true when considering product management for green products. The latter stages of critical strategic decisions related to product deletion or discontinuation have received less emphasis. In this conceptual paper, the focus is on green product deletion implications for supply chain management and operations. Organisations may view green product deletion as evolving from a deep green to a paler shade of green in their product offerings. A proposed strategic framework pays particular attention to the implications of the green product deletion decision for supply chain processes and operational competencies. In this situation, lessened organisational greenness needs to be weighed against other organisational and operational competencies. The strategic and inter-organisational relationships associated with this decision help set the stage for future research on this critical, yet neglected, organisational and operational supply chain issue.     

Pressure analysis for green supply chain management implementation in Indian industries using analytic hierarchy process

Due to growing awareness about environment protection, firms are forced to implement environmental practices to enhance their green image. In recent times, academicians and practitioners have shown interest in green marketing and green supply chain management (GSCM). Fields of green branding and sustainability have seen special interest from different business disciplines including information management, marketing, supply chain management, etc. Due to economical and ecological impact, there is a growing concern for the environment and related critical issues. Pressure on the environment is dynamic and diverse, and demands new levels of accountability, financial commitment and supply chain capabilities. Indian manufacturing industries have started adopting green concepts in their supply chain management giving special attention to environmental issues based on pressures from different directions, e.g. customer pressure, government regulations etc. Yet, industries struggle hard to identify essential pressures for implementation of GSCM. This work focuses mainly on identifying such pressures for implementation of GSCM. Initially 65 pressures were identified through detailed literature and categorised into six groups. Then common acceptable pressures were identified through a questionnaire survey from different industrial sectors in Phase 1. Finally, essential pressures are prioritised with the help of analytic hierarchy process in Phase 2.