循环式活性污泥法(CAST)的设计要点

探讨了循环式活性污泥法（CAST）的生物选择区的设置、污泥回流比的确定、操作时间的分配、溶解氧的控制等设计要点，为该工艺的推广应用提供了依据。     

循环式活性污泥法的优化设计及应用

介绍了循环式活性污泥法（CASS）在城市污水处理中的优化设计及实际应用,通过对沉淀、排水时间的优化设计,节省了一次性投资,并实现了优化运行.     

间歇循环式活性污泥法处理城市污水

简要介绍了间歇循环式活性污泥法（CASS）处理城市污水的反应池设计要点及运行操作程序，供工程设计人员参考。     

循环式活性污泥法应用中存在问题及改进措施

分别介绍了循环式活性污泥法的特点及工作原理,对循环式活性污泥法在设计、运行中存在的若干问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决方法,对促进该工艺的实际推广应用具有积极意义。     

CAST的工作原理与设计计算

详细论述了循环式活性污泥法(CAST)的工作原理，对该工艺的设计计算作了探讨，提出了设计方法，并提供了有关计算公式和操作时间分配。     

厌氧—好氧活性污泥法的应用前景

厌氧──好氧活性污泥法的应用前景戴镇生，张杰，于尔捷（中国市政工程东北设计研究院）（哈尔滨建筑工程学院）丛广治（大连开发区污水净化厂）活性污泥法１９１７年应用到工程上，七、八十年来标准活性污泥法一直占据着污水处理的主要地位。长期以来，人们从微生物的代...     

循环式活性污泥工艺(CASS)设计优化及运行

介绍了循环式活性污泥工艺(CASS)在城镇污水处理中的设计优化及实际应用,提出了其主要特点及优化策略。结合工程运行实例,分析了其关键技术特点及优化设计的经验,给出了相关结论及建议,为今后类似工艺设计与优化运行提供了新的模式,节省了一次性投资,并实现了优化运行。     

Evaluation on the impacts of predators on biomass components and oxygen uptake in sequencing batch reactor and continuous systems

An expanded unified model for the biomass fractions, soluble-organic fractions, and oxygen-uptake rates considering extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), intracellular storage products (X_STO), and predators for activated sludge is used to study the impacts of predators on biomass components and oxygen uptake. The new model is applied to evaluate how predation affects the oxygen-uptake rate (OUR) and the different forms of biomass: active bacteria (X_H), X_EPS, and X_STO, under dynamic feast-and-famine and continuous conditions. For the dynamic conditions of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), eliminating predators from the model increases X_H and X_EPS fractions significantly, and this causes the substantial increases in OUR and MLVSS once the famine period begins. An analysis of how the OUR is distributed among the several respiration processes shows that the predation of X_H is the most significant oxygen utilization rate process in the system under famine conditions of an SBR. Application of the model to simulate the long-term operation of an SBR indicates that predators reach their maximum fraction in the MLVSS (∼4% of MLVSS) at a solids retention time of about 13 days, but they are washed out at a solids retention time less than ∼3 days. Simulation for a continuous system indicates that predators take more time (about 800 h) to reach steady state and reach their maximum fraction (∼5.5%) at an SRT of ∼14 days. Comparison of SBR and continuous systems reveals that the predators have greater impact in the continuous system because the permanent near-famine condition accentuates predation processes.     

粉末活性炭在水体中强制分散及其作用研究

探讨了水处理中粉末活性炭投加的基本方法，针对粉末活性炭颗粒间相互吸附自凝聚现象，提出强制分散技术应用于粉末活性炭投加工艺，从而提高了粉末活性炭吸附技术处理受污染原水的效率。     

Application of multiway ICA for on-line process monitoring of a sequencing batch reactor

Multiway principal component analysis has been shown to be a powerful monitoring tool in many industrial batch processes. However, it has the shortcomings that all batch lengths should be equal, the measurement variables must be normally distributed and that future values of the current batch must be estimated to allow on-line monitoring. In this work, it is shown that multiway independent component analysis (MICA) can be used to overcome these drawbacks and obtain better monitoring performance. The on-line MICA monitoring of batch processes is based on a new unfolding method and independent component analysis (ICA). ICA provides better monitoring performance than PCA in cases with non-Gaussian data because it is not based on the assumption that the latent variables are normally distributed. The MICA algorithm does not require any estimation of future batch values and can also be applied to non-equal batch length data sets. This article describes the application of on-line MICA monitoring of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). It is successfully applied to an 80L SBR for biological wastewater treatment, which is characterized by a variety of disturbance sources with non-Gaussian characteristics. The SBR poses an interesting challenge from the point of process monitoring characterized by non-stationary, batchwise, multiscale, and non-Gaussian characteristics. The results of the bench-scale SBR monitoring clearly showed the power and advantages of MICA monitoring in comparison to conventional monitoring methods.