镁合金AZ31B搅拌摩擦焊研究

研究了镁合金AZ31B搅拌摩擦焊接工艺参数（搅拌头转速n、焊接速度v、焊接压力P）及搅拌头材料和形状对焊接头的影响。结果表明，采用高速钢制圆台带凹面形的搅拌头效果较好；其合适的工艺参数范围是n=950～1500r／min，v=37．5～60mm／min,P=3kN；最优工艺参数为：n；1500r／min，v=47．5mm／min，P=3kN。     

LF21板搅拌摩擦焊接头组织与焊接工艺关系的研究

利用搅拌摩擦焊方法对LF21铝合金板进行了焊接实验。分析了接头组织分区情况，探讨了搅拌头尺寸及焊接工艺参数对其接头组织的影响。经过实验得知：焊接时，搅拌头旋转速度为950～1500r／min，焊接速度为23．5-375mm／min，皆可获得接头性能尚可的焊接接头。同时发现，搅拌头旋转速度与焊接速度越小焊缝组织越细小：当两焊板间留有间隙时对焊缝孔洞的形成有一定的影响。     

铜与铝异质搅拌摩擦焊的工艺研究

采用不同的工艺参数对3 mm厚的T2纯铜板材与5383铝合金板材进行了对接搅拌摩擦焊试验,并对焊接接头的显微组织、拉伸性能和耐腐蚀性能进行了测试与对比分析。结果表明,选择适当的工艺参数,可以实现T2纯铜板材与5383铝合金板材的对接搅拌摩擦焊,搅拌头旋转速度、焊接速度和轴肩压力都会影响接头的拉伸性能和耐腐蚀性能,其优选的工艺参数为:搅拌头旋转速度ω=950 r/min、焊接速度v=140 mm/min、ω/v=6.79、轴肩压力P=8 kN。     

MB3镁合金搅拌摩擦连接工艺研究

针对工业用MB3镁合金进行了搅拌摩擦焊接试验。分析了各工艺参数及搅拌头形状对焊缝质量的影响。经过力学测试表明；对于3mm厚的MB33镁合金，采用搅拌头旋转速度为1500r／min，焊速48mm/min时焊接接头成形良好，性能优良。     

镁合金AZ31B搅拌摩擦焊研究

研究了镁合金AZ31B搅拌摩擦焊接工艺参数(搅拌头转速n、焊接速度v、焊接压力P)及搅拌头材料和形状对焊接头的影响。结果表明,采用高速钢制圆台带凹面形的搅拌头效果较好;其合适的工艺参数范围是n=950～1500r/min,v=37.5～60mm/min,P=3kN;最优工艺参数为:n=1500r/min,v=47.5mm/min,P=3kN。     

LY12搅拌摩擦焊接技术

搅拌摩擦焊接是一种新兴的焊接工艺,本文作者在立式铣床上配置辅助夹具,对LY12铝合金做了大量的搅拌摩擦焊接（Friction Stir Welding)工艺试验,在焊接过程中捕捉到一些与接头形成相关的理化信息,进而探讨了FSW接头的形成机理,初步优化了LY12铝合金FSW工艺参数,分析研究了搅拌头形状、旋转速度、焊接速度对FSW接头质量的影响。试验结果表明,焊接厚度为4mm的LY12铝合金,夹持器与特形指棒直径之比3：1为好,特形指棒直径与焊件厚度之比1：1为好。焊接速度选择37．5mm/min。搅抖头旋转速度选择2000r/min时,接头质量良好。本文试验结果为进一步研究开发搅抖摩擦焊接技术奠定了一定的理论与试验基础。     

防锈铝搅拌摩擦焊接

通过大量试验研究了防锈铝LF21搅拌摩擦焊接技术,深入分析了防锈铝搅拌摩擦焊接头的金相组织和力学性能,并探讨了焊接参数对组织性能的影响.对于3mm厚的防锈铝板,优化的搅拌头材料为ICr18Ni9Ti,形状为圆锥带凹面形,轴肩尺寸为φ12mm,焊针跟部直径为4mm,焊针端部直径为2.8mm,焊针高度为2.7mm.优化的焊接工艺参数范围为旋转速度950-1 500 r/min,焊接速度37.5～60mm/min.研究的成果可应用于有色金属材料搅拌摩擦焊接参数的优化,推动中国搅拌摩擦焊接技术在铝焊接中的应用.     

轨道车辆用6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊工艺技术研究

针对5 mm厚6082-T6铝合金板进行了搅拌摩擦焊工艺试验,用搅拌头的旋转速度与焊接速度的比值ω系数表征搅拌摩擦焊的热输入,分析了工艺参数对焊缝成形及力学性能的影响,并得出工艺评定参数。结果表明,当焊接速度700 mm/min,ω1.6或者旋转速度1 600 r/min,1.6≤ω≤3.0时,焊缝表面成形良好;当ω≥1.0时,抗拉强度在ω为1.4~3.0之间某个区域时达到最高;而当ω1.4时,弯曲性能基本合格。5 mm厚6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接工艺评定参数确定为S=1 200 r/min,F=800 mm/min,顶锻力14 kN。     

2A12铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接过程中接头组织与焊接工艺的关系

利用搅拌摩擦焊接方法对2A12铝合金板材进行了焊接试验，探讨了搅拌头的设计参数、焊接过程的工艺参数等对2A12铝合金板材焊接接头组织的影响。经过试验得知，在焊接时，搅拌头转速可为750r／min～1180r／min，走动速度为23．5mm／min～30mm／min，皆可获得接头性能尚可的焊接接头。同时发现焊接区的硬度约为母材硬度的70％。搅拌头长度略小于焊接板材厚度时仍可能使板材焊透。采用带有螺纹的搅拌头进行焊接对焊缝孔洞的形成有一定影响。     

6005A-T6铝合金型材搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数优化

针对某型号地铁侧墙板6005A-T6铝合金型材搅拌摩擦焊进行焊接工艺参数优化。根据前期试验拟定搅拌头转速为1 000~2 100 r/min、焊接速度为500~2 200 mm/min,通过对比焊缝外观成形质量,确定搅拌头旋转速度为1 500 r/min和焊接速度为1 100 mm/min。对不同顶锻力获得的接头进行金相检验和拉伸弯曲试验。当工艺参数为ω=1 500 r/min、v=1 100 mm/min、F=13.5 k N时,接头无缺陷,抗拉强度可达母材的80%,180°弯曲试验无断裂。     

工艺参数对复合搅拌摩擦点焊接头力学性能的影响

采用LF21铝合金研究了复合搅拌摩擦焊时焊接工艺参数(旋转速度、旋转半径)对焊接接头力学性能的影响.结果表明,当其它焊接参数一定时,焊点的力学性能随着搅拌头旋转速度的增加而增加,当搅拌头的旋转速度增加到1 200 r/min时,焊点的剪切力达到最大值为3.47 kN,随着搅拌头旋转速度的进一步增加,焊点的力学性能开始降低.改变旋转半径,焊点的力学性能随着旋转半径的增加而增加,当旋转半径达到0.5 mm时,焊点的剪切力达到最大值为3.47 kN,然后,随着旋转半径的继续增加,焊点的力学性能开始降低.LF21铝合金的复合搅拌摩擦点焊焊点的微观组织与直插式搅拌摩擦点焊不同的是,在塑性环的边上形成了一个由第二层塑性环形成的"耳朵形"区域.     

Effects of Welding and rotational speeds on the Microstructure and Hardness of Friction Stir Welded Single-Phase Brass

This study focuses on the effects of rotational and welding speeds on the microstructure and hardness of joints in friction stir welded single-phase brass. Welds were achieved under low heat input conditions at rotational and welding speeds of 400-800 r/min and 100-300 mm/min, respectively. In order to characterize the obtained welds, optical microscopy and Vickers hardness measurements were taken on the weld cross sections. According to the obtained results, increasing the welding speed and/or decreasing the rotational speed caused the grain size of the stir zone to decrease and, hence, improved the average hardness of this region. These results are discussed with respect to the interplay between the welding parameters and the peak temperature in the weld thermal cycle.     

6061-T6铝合金微搅拌摩擦焊工艺

以0.8 mm厚6061铝合金微搅拌摩擦焊对接过程为研究对象,采用专用搅拌工具,通过温度场模拟进行工艺参数预选,研究了无倾角微搅拌摩擦焊的工艺参数对接头力学性能的影响,确定了与所设计微搅拌工具相匹配的工艺参数窗口;并采用光学显微镜、SEM扫描电镜对接头的微观组织、断口的形貌进行观察. 结果表明,在焊接速度为300 mm/min、转速14 000 ~ 24 000 r/min时,可以获得力学性能优越的焊接接头,抗拉强度均可达母材的70%以上;微搅拌摩擦焊缝微观组织的热影响区与传统搅拌摩擦焊相比,仅部分晶粒发生长大,仍有部分晶粒与基体保持一致无明显变化.     

Microstructure and Strain Hardening of a Friction Stir Welded High-Strength Al–Zn–Mg Alloy

Microstructural evolution and strain hardening behavior of a friction stir welded（FSWed） high-strength7075Al-T651 alloy were evaluated.The nugget zone was observed to consist of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains with a low dislocation density and free of original precipitates,but containing uniformly distributed dispersoids.The strength,joint efficiency,and ductility of the FSWed joints increased with increasing welding speed.A joint efficiency of ＊91% was achieved at a welding speed of 400 mm/min and rotational rate of 800 r/min,while the ductility remained basically the same as that of the base metal.There was no obvious strain rate sensitivity observed in both base metal and welded joints.While both the base metal and FSWed joints exhibited stage III and IV hardening characteristics,the hardening capacity,strain hardening exponent,and strain hardening rate all increased after friction stir welding.     

根部未焊合对AZ31B镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接头性能的影响

针对厚4.3 mm的AZ31B镁合金短针设计搅拌摩擦焊接,研究工艺参数对根部未焊合率的影响,并通过接头组织与拉伸断口形貌分析,分析了根部未焊合对接头抗拉强度的影响。结果表明:焊接速度一定时,当搅拌头旋转速度超过临界值950 r/min时,随着转速的增加,接头根部未焊合率降低。当旋转速度一定时,焊接速度对接头未焊合率几乎无影响。所有拉伸试样均在根部未焊合界面处起裂并发生断裂,而焊合区断口呈现典型的韧脆混合断裂特征。此外,接头抗拉强度随着根部未焊合率的降低而升高,当旋转速度为1 180 r/min、焊接速度120 mm/min时,接头的抗拉强度达到最大值188 MPa,为母材强度的76.4%。     

Multi-objective optimization of friction stir welding parameters using desirability approach to join Al/SiCp metal matrix composites

Silicon carbide particulate (SiC_p) reinforced cast aluminium (Al) based metal matrix composites (MMCs) have gained wide acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures requiring high specific strength, high temperature capability and good wear resistance. Friction stir welding (FSW) process parameters play major role in deciding the performance of welded joints. The ultimate tensile strength, notch tensile strength and weld nugget hardness of friction stir butt welded joints of cast Al/SiC_p MMCs (AA6061 with 20% (volume fraction) of SiC_p) were investigated. The relationships between the FSW process parameters (rotational speed, welding speed and axial force) and the responses (ultimate tensile strength, notch tensile strength and weld nugget hardness) were established. The optimal welding parameters to maximize the mechanical properties were identified by using desirability approach. From this investigation, it is found that the joints fabricated with the tool rotational speed of 1370 r/min, welding speed of 88.9 mm/min, and axial force of 9.6 kN yield the maximum ultimate tensile strength, notch tensile strength and hardness of 265 MPa, 201 MPa and HV114, respectively.     

工艺参数对填充式搅拌摩擦无匙孔点焊性能的影响

采用填充式搅拌摩擦无匙孔点焊对2mm厚的2A12-T4铝合金薄板进行焊接,研究不同工艺参数对接头性能的影响.结果表明,当其它焊接参数不变,旋转速度为600r/min时,接头的剪切力达到最大值,为4707N.在600～1000r/min时,随着旋转速度的提高,点焊接头的剪切力逐渐减小.随着轴肩回压距离的增大,接头的剪切力逐渐增加,当轴肩回压距离达到1.2mm时,接头的剪切力达到最大.随着搅拌针伸出长度的增大,接头的剪切力逐渐增加,当伸出长度达到3.4mm时,接头的剪切力达到最大.接头的显微硬度在100～150HV之间,混合区硬度最高,搅拌区硬度最低.     

Orbital friction stir lap welding in tubular parts of aluminium alloy AA5083

In this study, orbital friction stir lap welding of 360?mm diameter AA5083-H321 tube to 350?mm diameter AA5083-O flange was investigated. The influence of rotational and travel speed of tool with triangular frustum pin on the metallurgical structure and mechanical properties of orbital friction stir lap welded samples were studied. The results indicated that defect free orbital lap joints are successfully obtained using tool rotational speed of 650 and 800?rev?min^?1 with a constant travel speed of 40?mm?min^?1. The strengthening mechanism in the stir zone is solid solution strengthening and dislocation looping. The maximum joint strength was achieved at a welding speed of 650?rev?min^?1 and 40?mm?min^?1. Failure of tensile shear test samples occurred far from the friction stir welding zone.     

Process parameters optimization for friction stir welding of RDE-40 aluminium alloy using Taguchi technique

Taguchi approach was applied to determine the most influential control factors which will yield better tensile strength of the joints of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy. In order to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, traverse speed and axial force on tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy, Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi parametric design approach, the optimum levels of process parameters were determined. The results indicate that the rotational speed, welding speed and axial force are the significant parameters in deciding the tensile strength of the joint. The predicted optimal value of tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy is 303 MPa. The results were confirmed by further experiments.     

1561铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接过程压力特征及接头组织性能分析

采用恒压力控制方式对4 mm厚1561新型高镁铝合金板材进行了搅拌摩擦焊接试验，并对焊接过程中搅拌头压力特征、接头微观组织以及力学性能进行了研究. 结果表明，焊接下扎阶段下压力呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势. 稳定焊接阶段，由于材料力学性能的周期性变化导致下压力呈近似正弦周期性变化. 固定焊接速度为200 mm/min，当转速低于800 r/min或高于1 800 r/min时，焊缝产生孔洞缺陷. 当转速超过1 000 r/min时，搅拌区产生"S"线. 接头抗拉强度在低转速时主要受接头金属强度影响，高转速时主要受"S"线分布特征影响. 随搅拌头转速的增加，接头抗拉强度先上升后下降.