无位置传感器直流无刷电动机控制系统研究

在分析无位置传感器直流无刷电动机的反电动势换相和启动原理的基础上,建立了利用反电动势换相的换相模块,启动采用“三段式”启动技术。在双闭环调速系统中,电流环采用电流滞环控制,转速环采用PID控制器。仿真结果表明：这种基于反电动势换相的无位置传感器直流无刷电动机控制系统能够正常启动,具有同有位置传感器直流无刷电动机控制系统同样好的静态、动态特性。     

BLDCM新型滑模观测器的无位置传感器控制

针对传统滑模观测器(SMO)抖振和相位延迟问题,提出了一种新型滑模观测器来获取无刷直流电机(BLDCM)反电动势(back-EMF),无需额外增加低通滤波器即能得到光滑的反电动势估计值.由反电动势估计值能够直接计算出转子位置角和转速.根据转子位置角和滞环控制器的输出来选择适当的电压空间矢量,实现无位置传感器控制,并根据转速和反电动势估计值计算转矩.最后,将该滑模观测器用于无磁链环直接转矩控制(DTC)中.实验结果验证了方案的可行性.     

基于51单片机无位置传感器无刷直流电机的控制

一种用51单片机实现无位置传感器无刷直流电机的控制方案被开发。该方案基于TOSHIBA公司生产的三相无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制器TB6537和驱动集成电路TA84005,提出针对TB6537和TA84005外围电路设计注意事项,以及PWM控制方法。实现了无位置传感器无刷直流电机平稳运行,正反转控制以及采用PWM调速。     

基于DSP_F2812的BLDCM无传感器控制研究

分析了无刷直流电机数学模型,对无刷直流电机无传感器控制的三段式起动与反电动势过零点换相技术做出研究。利用电机三相端电压与反电动势间关系来确定电机反电动势过零点与换相点,提出了基于三相反电动势的改进型反电动势过零点换相方法。设计了基于DSP_F2812的无刷直流电机控制平台。通过实验验证表明,基于三段式起动与改进型反电动势过零点换相方法的BLDCM无位置传感器控制达到了带霍尔传感器换相控制的精度与效果。     

基于速度信息观测的无轴承永磁同步电机悬浮解耦控制

无轴承永磁同步电机以转子位置信息为媒介实现解耦控制,整个算法复杂且依赖速度传感器.本文研究电机无传感器运行及解耦算法简化的方法.首先将传统扩张状态观测算法简化为线性形式.然后将二、三阶线性扩张状态观测器分别加入转矩和悬浮系统电流环和位移环,并定义电角速度与转矩d-q轴电流乘积以及转矩系统q轴磁链与悬浮d-q轴电流乘积为扰动项,利用观测器辨识转速信息及悬浮扰动力.接着对转速信息进行处理、对悬浮扰动力进行补偿从而实现无速度传感器运行并简化悬浮解耦算法.最后通过仿真验证所提控制策略能够实现电机无速度传感器运行,保证额定转速下稳定悬浮.     

永磁无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制方法研究

主要进行永磁无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制的前期理论研究。用Matlab7.1/Simulink建立基于端电压检测的无位置传感器模型仿真。并把其仿真结果和永磁无刷直流电机有位置传感器控制仿真结果进行对比。仿真结果表明:永磁无刷直流电机的无位置传感器矢量控制和带位置传感器控制相比亦具有良好的动态响应特性和速度控制特性。     

基于AT90S8535的无传感器无刷直流电机控制

介绍了基于反电动势法的无传感器无刷直流电动机控制原理.采用AT90S8535单片机作为控制核心,设计了具有PWM调速功能的电机控制系统,并详细介绍了系统的控制方案.实验结果表明,本设计可以实现对无传感器无刷直流电动机的有效控制,简化了系统的硬件设计,达到了全数字式闭环控制的效果.     

用择多函数实现反电动势滤波的无传感器无刷直流电动机的控制

文章提出了一种采用择多函数实现反电动势滤波的无传感器无刷直流电动机控制的方法。该方法利用DSPIC模数转换器采样梯形波BEMF信号;将梯形波BEMF信号与重构的电动机虚拟中性点进行比较,以检测过零点;并采用择多函数滤波器对比较结果信号进行滤波处理;检测到过零点时,DSPIC30F2010 ADC经1个延时后,对电动机驱动电压进行换相操作;最后采用控制环实现无传感器无刷直流电动机的高效、平滑运行。该方法与使用硬件滤波器或外部比较器的方式相比,所需的硬件少、成本低、减小了PCB的体积。实际应用表明,该方法简单实用,具有良好的性能。     

基于DSP的无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制系统软件设计

本文简要介绍了基于DSP的无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制系统的相关知识；对干无位置传感器控制系统软件设计中相对干有位置传感器控制系统的不同点进行了详细描述。     

无刷直流电机直接转矩控制

由于无刷直流电机转矩波动较大,不但会产生噪声和振动等问题,而且会影响整个系统的性能。由于直接转矩控制具有瞬时转矩控制的特点,提出了一种基于直接转矩控制的无刷直流电机控制系统实现方案,该方案对转矩进行闭环控制,通过转矩滞环调节器输出的控制信号和由位置传感器测得的转子位置选择相应的空间电压矢量,实现对电机转矩的直接控制,以达到抑制转矩波动的目的。仿真结果表明该方案可行有效,能够较好的抑制无刷直流电机的转矩波动。     

基于扩张状态观测器的磁通切换永磁电机的无传感器控制

将线性自抗扰控制应用于磁通切换永磁电机（FSPMM）的无速度传感器控制中,采用线性扩张状态观测器（LESO）构造FSPMM的转速观测器,实现对转速准确而快速的实时估计;设计线性自抗扰控制器（LADRC）作为转速环调节器,系统的鲁棒性被提高了.仿真结果验证了所设计的基于LESO的无传感器LADRC控制策略能够使FSPMM可靠稳定运行,LESO提升了系统的观测精度和响应速度,克服了滑模观测器（SMO）带来的高频抖振和滞后现象;与基于SMO的无传感器PI控制策略相比,所提的控制策略在负载扰动和参数摄动时具有更强的鲁棒性.     

Adaptive hybrid force/position control of robot manipulators using an adaptive force estimator in the presence of parametric uncertainty

This study is devoted to sensorless adaptive force/position control of robot manipulators using a position-based adaptive force estimator (AFE) and a force-based adaptive environment compliance estimator. Unlike the other sensorless method in force control that uses disturbance observer and needs an accurate model of the manipulator, in this method, the unknown parameters of the robot can be estimated along with the force control. Even more, the environment compliance can be estimated simultaneously to achieve tracking force control. In fact, this study deals with three challenging problems: No force sensor is used, environment stiffness is unknown, and some parametric uncertainties exist in the robot model. A theorem offers control laws and updating laws for two control loops. In the inner loop, AFE estimates the exerted force, and then, the force control law in the outer loop modifies the desired trajectory of the manipulator for the adaptive tracking loop. Besides, an updating law updates the estimated compliance to provide an accurate tracking force control. Some experimental results of a PHANToM Premium robot are provided to validate the proposed scheme. In addition, some simulations are presented that verify the performance of the controller for different situations in interaction.     

Nonlinear speed tracking control for sensorless PMSMs with unknown load torque: From theory to practice

In this paper the speed tracking control problem for sensorless (nonsalient-pole surface) permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with unknown load torque is addressed. Simulation and experimental results are presented for the first nonlinear adaptive control which (i) relies on a closed loop stability proof using nonlinear stability tools; (ii) feeds back stator current and voltage measurements only without using non-robust open loop integration of motor dynamics. Satisfactory performances are obtained in practice in conditions which can be inferred by deeply analyzing the reported theoretical analysis.     

基于FPGA的无位置无刷直流电机控制系统设计

根据反电动势过零俭测算法,利用FPGA的硬件逻辑资源,构建了一种无位置无刷直流电机实时控制系统,并且详细阐述了单神经元自适应PSD在电流环调节上的应用.试验结果验证了系统的可行性,具有良好的动态性能和鲁棒性.     

无速度传感器电励磁同步电机模型预测电流控制

为了提高电励磁同步电机控制系统的可靠性,优化电励磁同步电机的调速性能,提出了一种带无速度传感器的电励磁同步电机模型预测电流控制策略.以模型预测电流控制作为电流环,取代传统的PI调节器,有效抑制电流纹波,提高了电流的跟踪性能.基于模型参考自适应理论,设计电励磁同步电机无速度传感器,对电机运行转速进行在线辨识,实现对转速准确估计.仿真结果表明:控制系统具有较好的快速性和可靠性.     

改进型MRAS无速度传感器的无轴承异步电机矢量控制

无轴承异步电机(BIM)的转子磁链电压模型中含有纯积分环节,其积分初值和累计误差会影响磁链观测精度,进而使转速估计产生严重失真.为了实现BIM无速度传感器运行,本文借鉴模型参考自适应法(MRAS)基本结构,将改进二阶广义积分器与锁频环结合以代替原有纯积分器,提出了一种新的基于MRAS的BIM无速度传感器控制方法,构建了BIM转子磁链定向无速度传感器矢量控制系统.并且,基于MATLAB/Simulink的仿真验证和基于dSPACE的实验结果表明:与传统电压模型观测方法相比,所提出的转子磁链电压模型有效避免了纯积分环节带来的直流偏移和积分初值影响,有着更好的观测效果.同时,基于无轴承异步电机转子磁链定向无速度传感器矢量控制系统,电机能稳定悬浮运行,估算转速和实测转速具有很好的一致性.     

Robust passivity‐based control of switched‐reluctance motors

We propose a state‐feedback controller for switched‐reluctance motors as a preliminary step toward the solution of the sensorless control problem (without measurement of rotor variables). We establish global exponential stability. Furthermore, our controller renders the closed‐loop system robust to external disturbances, that is, input‐to‐state stable. Although there exist some works on sensorless control of switched‐reluctance motors, these consist mainly of ad hoc solutions without theoretical foundation. The few theoretically validated results in the literature are established under more stringent conditions such as knowledge of the load torque. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A rotor speed estimation algorithm in variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system

A rotor speed estimation algorithm in a direct vector controlled permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system is proposed. The proposed method is based on a simple equation obtained from the flux model of the machine and contains only stator flux and current. Constant gain recursive least squares estimator is used for implementing the speed estimation algorithm. Rotor position information used for coordinate transformation is computed using the estimated speed. Stator flux information required by the speed estimator is obtained using the stator voltage equation by implementing a programmable low pass filter. The estimated speed is used as the feedback signal for the speed control loop of the vector controlled machine side converter control system whose command speed is obtained from a wind speed sensorless maximum power point tracking controller, thus, we obtain a complete rotor speed and wind speed sensorless permanent magnet synchronous generator wind energy conversion system. Simulation is carried out to validate the performance of the proposed method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An Adaptive and Optimized Switching Observer for Sensorless Control of an Electromagnetic Valve Actuator in Camless Internal Combustion Engines

In this paper, the design and operation of a special electromagnetic actuator as a variable engine valve actuator are presented. Further, this paper describes a feasible approximated velocity switching estimator based on measurements of current and input voltage to achieve sensorless control. The proposed concept allows a reduced‐order observer to be conceived and yields a specific control strategy with an acceptable performance. In general, this approach represents a viable strategy to build reduced‐order observers for estimating the velocity of systems through the measurement of input current and voltage. The robustness of the velocity tracking is explored using a minimum variance approach. The effect of the noise is minimized, and the position can be achieved through an adaptive and optimized structure by combining this particular velocity estimator and an observer based on the electromechanical system. Position control is achieved through an inversion of the model. This approach avoids a more complex structure for the observer and yields an acceptable performance as well as eliminating bulky position‐sensor systems. In addition, a control strategy is presented and discussed. Computer simulations of the sensorless control structure are presented in which the positive effects of the observer with optimized parameter setting are visible in the closed‐loop control.