掺杂钨丝生产工艺的改进研究

分析了常规工艺所生产掺杂钨丝存在的缺陷，通过采取优化工艺过程的具体措施，制取了既具有优良高温抗下垂能力，又具有良好的加工、绕丝性能的掺杂钨丝，可满足双螺旋抗震灯丝的需要。     

掺杂钨丝脆断劈裂的研究

<正> 一、前言掺杂钨丝脆断和劈裂是灯丝质量方面最突出的问题。多数文献在论述脆断、劈裂的原因时,笼统地认为是由于掺杂元素和间隙杂质在晶界上富集所致。个别文献也提到组织不均匀是导致钨丝脆断、劈裂的原因之一。本文用扫描电镜和显微镜等手段对掺杂钨丝生产中主要环节和绕丝时所出现的脆断、劈裂的典型样品进行观测;探索恶化钨丝韧性,影响     

逆氢蓝钨工艺对掺杂钨丝高温性能的影响

不同相成分的蓝钨对掺杂钨丝的高温性能有显著影响。在采用通氢还原法制备蓝钨工艺中，通过研究顺氢和逆氢两种工艺下的蓝钨相成分及以此为原料生产的掺杂钨丝高温性能，对比不同预还原工艺下生产丝材的再结晶组织以及所加工的掺杂钨丝高温性能的差异，探讨逆氢还原气氛所生产的蓝钨对掺杂钨丝高温性能的强化机理。结果表明，采用逆氢还原法能有效提高铵钨青铜成分，所生产的掺杂钨丝高温抗下垂性能得到显著提升。     

钨丝的再结晶温度及高温性能测试

钨丝的再结晶温度及高温性能测试系统由主机、试样室、真空机组、加热电源、测温、测力及测下垂装置等主要部分构成。用本系统可以测试钨丝的多种性能:再结晶温度、高温抗下垂及高温抗拉强度等。同时还可测试片材和棒材的高温抗拉强度。可供试验的温度范围大,其上限可达3480℃。以直接通电加热方式,在真空度优于1×10~(-4)托的真空室内加热试样,用光学高温计测量温度,显示试样承载能力的拉伸曲线由 X—Y 记录仪自动绘制。本文给出某钨丝厂216批掺杂WA1—1丝的实测结果。金相、x 光,电镜及维氏硬度的工作证明了所测的再结晶温度是可靠的,文章还描述了钨丝断口电镜扫描宏观形貌和微观花样特征。     

关于钨丝直径的控制(Ⅰ)——钨丝直径的测量

本文对在国产设备2500B、500B、300B 上生产的钨丝直径进行了连续测试,分析了丝径不均的原因,提出了控制办法,并进行对比试验,取得良好的结果。最后提出了国产设备生产钨丝同时保证绕丝性能及丝径均匀的质量控制方法。     

钨的新用途

<正> 钨丝除用于灯泡和照明器具外,还用于在玻璃容器或塑料零件表面沉积铝。这些零件包括旋钮、瓶盖、开关板、抛物状灯反射器、汽车仪表盘装饰件和玩具等。钨丝以裸丝或多芯绞线形式供应。例如,美国通用电气公司供应几种适用于不同用途的绞合丝,包括润滑性能好的由绕在铝芯线或镍铬铁合金芯线上的三根钨丝构成的绞合丝。     

掺杂钨丝的再结晶动力学

本文比较系统地研究了不同丝径掺杂钨丝的再结晶速度及其影响因素。结果表明,低温区,形变量越大,完成再结晶所需退火时间越短,符合经典的再结晶规律;但在高温区则相反。笔者认为,掺杂钨丝高温区再结晶动力学的反常是由于高度密排的钾泡列阻碍了晶界横向迁移所致。     

掺杂钴对掺杂钨丝抗震性能的影响

本文研究了在抗震钨丝的制备过程中,添加剂Co对钨丝的延性、再结晶温度和钨丝组织性能的影响。实验研究表明:掺杂钨丝中添加Co不仅能提高掺杂钨丝的二次再结晶温度,使掺杂钨丝退火后具有大的L/W值和小的冷脆性外,还能有效改善钨丝的高温抗震性能。     

耐震钨丝特性及应用

研究了高钾掺杂钨丝、加钴掺杂钨丝和加铼掺杂钨丝的高温特性和耐震性能 ,进行了应用试验 ,指出了生产耐震灯泡时选用钨丝应注意的问题。     

抗拉强度对钨丝质量的影响

通过分析加工过程中钨丝的抗拉强度对钨丝质量的影响，提出了合理选择退火点，严格控制钨丝抗拉强度σb值等改进工艺及提高钨丝质量的具体措施。     

拉拔钨丝工艺过程中抗拉强度的控制

钨丝的抗拉强度是随变形程度增大而增高 ,合理地控制退火工序前后的抗拉强度下降比例是生产高质量钨丝的关键。     

掺杂蓝钨不酸洗工艺的研究

科学分析并研究掺杂钨生产理论 ,充分利用蓝钨掺杂优点 ,在加强工艺改进及管理的基础上 ,采用蓝钨不酸洗工艺生产得到的掺杂钨丝不仅可以保证掺杂钨丝的高温性能及一致性能 ,同时降低了生产成本 ,取得了良好的经济效益。     

Dopant particle characterization and bubble evolution in aluminum-potassium-silicon-doped molybdenum wire

The present article describes the creation of dopant inclusions in aluminum-potassium-silicon (AKS)-doped molybdenum powder and the generation of potassium bubbles in doped molybdenum wire. Molybdenum wire is used extensively in the incandescent lamp industry for coiling mandrels, filament support wires, and foil seals. The AKS-doped molybdenum wire is an important product, because it possesses greater high-temperature strength and a higher recrystallization temperature than undoped molybdenum; both of these properties are important for structural applications in lamps. The AKS-doped molybdenum wire is produced in a similar manner to AKS-doped tungsten wire, but lower processing temperatures are typically used for the production of molybdenum wire. Previous studies on AKS-doped tungsten wire have shown that the dispersion which provides the interlocking grain structure in recrystallized tungsten wire is bubbles of elemental potassium; these enhance incandescent lamp filament life. However, there is little previous work on the potassium-containing dispersion in AKS-doped molybdenum wire. In AKS-doped molybdenum, the dispersion can be either potassium bubbles, or solid oxide particles, depending on the processing method. This article will describe a series of analyses of doped molybdenum wire and its precursors, namely, doped powder and sintered ingots. The roles of high- and low-temperature sintering are also described.     

浅谈掺杂钨丝的多牌号技术

简要介绍了掺杂钨丝的多牌号的原理、分类方法、基本技术要求及在我国的应用     

两种APT及其产物蓝钨的对比研究

通过对两种不同晶型APT及其产物蓝色氧化钨、覫0.39 mm掺杂钨丝高温性能的对比研究,得出形状规则型APT较普通型APT在生产掺杂钨条的过程中得到蓝钨粒度均匀、比表面积大、氨含量高,生产的掺杂钨条具有更优的抗下垂性,进而指出对APT进行分类的重要性及适宜AKS掺杂钨条生产使用的APT类型。     

Tensile strain-rate sensitivity of

The tensile strain-rate sensitivity of continuous-tungsten-fiber reinforced niobium composites (W/Nb), fabricated by an arc-spray process, was studied in the 1300 to 1600 K temperature range. The tensile properties of the fiber and matrix components, as well as of the composites, were measured and compared to rule of mixtures (ROM) predictions. The deviation from the ROM was found to depend upon the chemistry of the tungsten alloy fibers, with positive deviations for thoria-dispersed W wire (ST300) reinforced Nb composite(i.e., stronger composite strength than the ROM) and negative or zero deviations for lamp-grade W wire (218) reinforced Nb composite. In addition, it was found that the composites tested at higher crosshead speeds exhibited a strain-rate sensitivity greater than that of the free fibers tested at the same crosshead speeds, even though the composite tensile strength is determined mainly by the fiber component.     

Influence of Filler Wire Diameter on Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of AA5083-H111 Al–Mg Alloy Sheets Welded Using an AC Square Wave GTAW Process

In this work, the influence of filler wire diameter on AA5083-H111 weldments was studied. For that, square butt joints were made using an AC square wave gas tungsten arc welding process with the addition of filler wires of diameter 1.2 and 2.4 mm separately. The experimental results revealed that changing the filler wire diameter influenced the bead geometry and a complete penetration was achieved in both welds. The weldment processed with smaller diameter filler wire consisted of a wider heat affected zone with recrystallized grains and a fusion zone with coarser grain structure, thus reducing the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, the use of larger diameter filler wire assisted in faster torch speed, resulting in lower heat input and thus finer equiaxed grains were produced in fusion zone. Also, finer grains along with the dispersion of finer Al₆(Fe,Mn) particles supported in obtaining the superior tensile and corrosion properties.     

液—固掺杂垂熔钨坯中改性元素的行为

对传统粉末冶金方法(液—固混合制成掺杂钨粉,经过压制、烧结、旋锻、拉拔等工序)制成的钨坯和钨丝,用扫描电子显微镜进行了断面及磨面分析。结果发现:在晶界孔穴内,元素Si和Al的含量丰富;在晶内孔穴内,除元素Si、Al外,还富集了元素K。只用钾泡理论解释改性元素改善高温钨丝的抗下垂性能是不够的,应以分子筛理论和SiO_2-Al_2O_3系统相图予以补充。     

Microstructure,Tensile and Impact Toughness Properties of Friction Stir Welded Mild Steel

 Microstructure, tensile and impact toughness properties and fracture location of friction stir welded AISI 1018 mild steel are revealed in this paper. The 5 mm thick AISI 1018 mild steel plates were friction stir welded with tool rotational speed of 1000 rpm and welding speed of 50 mm/min with tungsten base alloy tool. Tensile strength of stir zone is higher (8%) when compared to the base metal. This may be due to the formation of finer grains in the weld nugget region under the stirring action of the rotating tool. The ductility and impact toughness of the joints are decreased compared to the base metal and this is due to the inclusion of tungsten particles in the weld region.