应用于并行直流转换电源的均流控制芯片设计

为实现并行直流转换电源系统中转换器电流的均衡分布,降低转换器承受的电、热应力,提高系统可靠性,给出一种采用自动主从控制策略的均流方案,并给出了方案实现的关键部件--均流控制芯片的设计.设计中采用电流反馈环路对输出电压进行调整,降低了PCB板级寄生效应对调整信号的影响;并提出一种启动控制电路用以改善系统的启动时序,加速了启动阶段的电流均衡过程.芯片采用1.5μm BCD(Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS)工艺设计实现,面积为3.6mm2.应用该芯片构成了一个由两个直流转换器组成,具有12V/3A输出能力的并行电源系统.测试结果表明,该并行电源系统满负载时均流误差小于1%.     

数字化直流电流互感器二次激励电源研究

为了提高直流电流互感器的测量精度,研究出一种能根据采样电流大小调整激励电源输出电压的交流稳压电源系统.该系统以TMS320LF2407型DSP为核心,采用DSP技术和步进电机控制技术实现高精度直流电流互感器二次激励电源设计,采用小信号直流电流传感器及A/D转换电路解决二次激励电源的非线性补偿问题.实验结果表明:该系统输出交流电压幅度稳定度可达 0.5%,完全满足直流电流互感器实际使用要求.     

一种具有750mA输出电流,双模式PWM/PFM控制的高效率直流-直流降压转换器

提出了一种输出电流可达750mA,脉宽调制（PWM）和变频调制（PFM）双模式控制的,高效率、高稳定性直流-直流降压转换器.该转换器在负载电流大于80mA时,采用开关频率为1MHz的PWM工作模式;在负载电流小于80mA时,采用开关频率减小和静态电流降低的PFM工作模式,实现了在整个负载电流变化范围（0.02~750mA）内,转换器均保持高效率.而且采用一种快速响应的电压模式控制结构,达到了优异的线性和负载调整特性.芯片采用CSMC公司0.5μm CMOS 2P3M混合信号工艺物理实现.测试结果表明,该电路可根据负载的变化在PWM和PFM模式下自动切换.最大转换效率达96.5%;当负载电流为0.02mA时,转换效率大于55%.该芯片特别适合电池供电的移动系统使用.     

数字化直流电流互感器二次激励电源研究

为了提高直流电流互感器的测量精度,研究出一种能根据采样电流大小调整激励电源输出电压的交流稳压电源系统。该系统以TMS320LF2407型DSP为核心,采用DSP技术和步进电机控制技术实现高精度直流电流互感器二次激励电源设计,采用小信号直流电流传感器及A／D转换电路解决二次激励电源的非线性补偿问题。实验结果表明：该系统输出交流电压幅度稳定度可达0．5％,完全满足直流电流互感器实际使用要求。     

基于STM32F103的数字式电镀电源并联均流系统设计

为了实现大功率数字式电镀电源,提出了一种基于ARM芯片STM32F103的数字式电镀电源并联均流系统设计方案,并完成系统的软硬件设计。该系统采用STM32F103作为主控芯片,通过CAN总线控制多个电源模块并联工作并使其电流平均,达到大功率输出的目的。系统具有多种工作模式和外设接口,人机界面友善。实际应用表明,系统工作稳定,达到设计要求。     

一种具有750mA输出电流，双模式PWM/PFM控制的高效率直流-直流降压转换器

提出了一种输m电流可达750mA,脉宽调制(PwM)和变频调制(PFM)双模式控制的,高效率、高稳定性直流.直流降压转换器.该转换器在负载电流大于80mA时,采用开关频率为lMHz的PwM工作模式;在负载电流小于80mA时,采用开天频率减小和静态电流降低的PFM工作模式,实现了在整个负载电流变化范围(0.02～750mA)内,转换器均保持高效率.而且采用一种快速响应的电压模式控制结构,达到了优异的线性和负载调整特性.芯片采用CSMC公司0.5μm CMOS 2P3M混合信号上艺物理实现.测试结果表明,该电路可根据负载的变化在PWM和PFM模式下自动切换.最大转换效率达96.5%;当负载电流为0.02mA时,转换效率大于55%.该芯片特别适合电池供电的移动系统使用.     

一种具有750mA输出电流,双模式PWM/PFM控制的高效率直流一直流降压转换器

提出了一种输m电流可达750mA,脉宽调制(PwM)和变频调制(PFM)双模式控制的,高效率、高稳定性直流.直流降压转换器.该转换器在负载电流大于80mA时,采用开关频率为lMHz的PwM工作模式;在负载电流小于80mA时,采用开天频率减小和静态电流降低的PFM工作模式,实现了在整个负载电流变化范围(0.02～750mA)内,转换器均保持高效率.而且采用一种快速响应的电压模式控制结构,达到了优异的线性和负载调整特性.芯片采用CSMC公司0.5μm CMOS 2P3M混合信号上艺物理实现.测试结果表明,该电路可根据负载的变化在PWM和PFM模式下自动切换.最大转换效率达96.5%;当负载电流为0.02mA时,转换效率大于55%.该芯片特别适合电池供电的移动系统使用.     

一款高精度低电流的两级高电压电源调整电路

提出了一种改进的高输入电压调整电路结构,该电路结构在TSMC 0.25 μm BCD工艺平台进行验证.电路包括两个参考电压模块、两级调整电路和一个关断信号产生模块.介绍了初级电压调整和精确电压调整电路,可以产生稳定精确的输出电压,同时也提高了低输入电源电压时的输出电流能力.通过两级电源调整电路可以实现软启动功能,减小启动浪涌电压,提高启动性能.此外,关断模块产生可以可靠关闭高压模块和低压模块的两种控制信号,使得在待机模式下高压直流转换系统仅消耗极低的待机电流.该电路结构的输入电压可以在2.5～45 V宽幅范围内变化.在待机模式下,高压直流转换系统的待机电流最低仅300 nA,电源调整电路可以输出最高60 mA的负载电流.     

高精度半导体激光器驱动电源系统的设计

介绍一种以DSP TMS320F2812控制模块为核心的高精度半导体激光器驱动电源系统的设计.该系统以大功率达林顿管为调整管加电流负反馈电路实现恒流输出,利用DSP内部集成的模/数转换器对输出电流采样,并经过PI算法处理后控制PWM输出实现动态的误差调整,消除电路中的静止误差.为了提高系统的稳定性,在系统中加入过流、过压保护和延时软启动保护等功能.结果表明,输出电流范围在10～2 500 mA内,输出电流变化的绝对值小于输出电流值的0.1%+1 mA,从而确保了半导体激光器工作的可靠性.     

一种应用于直流电压转换芯片的新型数字软启动电路

提出了一种新型的用于高效率、低功耗双模式直流电压转换器(DC-DC)芯片的数字软启动电路.该电路采用数字分频和电流限制电路相结合的设计方法实现了软启动的功能,避免了常规设计中使用大的启动电容,因此容易实现全集成的设计,可减小面积、降低成本.芯片采用CSMC公司的0.5 μm CMOS混合信号模型设计和流片.测试结果表明这种数字软启动电路约在750 μs内完成软启动的功能,避免了启动过程直流电压转换器(DC-DC)芯片中的浪涌电流和输出过冲电压的现象.     

Analysis and control design of paralleled DC/DC converters withcurrent sharing

This paper presents a general small-signal stability analysis of paralleled power converter systems. The framework specializes to include both the “democratic” and “master-slave” current-sharing schemes. Design examples illustrate how to obtain stable current sharing. The authors show how paralleled power converters can become unstable (even when active current sharing is absent) and discuss the influence of the number of converters paralleled     

A voltage-balanced phase-shifted three-level DC/DC converter operating from high-input voltage

A voltage-balanced phase-shifted three-level DC/DC converter is proposed. Its switch voltage stress is ensured to be only one-half of the input voltage and its four-step operation can reduce considerably the output inductor current ripple. Moreover, it features a small filter, no voltage unbalance problem, static/dynamic sharing of the switch voltage, high-efficiency, and high-power density. It is very suitable for high power converters operating from a high-input voltage.     

Soft-switched DC/DC converter with PWM control

In this paper, a new power converter with two variations is proposed. A novel asymmetrical pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control scheme is used to control the power converter under constant switching frequency operation. The modes of operation for both variations are discussed. The DC characteristics, which can be used in the design of the power converters, are also presented. Two 50 W power converters were built to verify the characteristics of the converters. Due to the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operation of the switches and low device voltage and current stresses, these power converters have high full- and partial-load efficiencies. They are, therefore, potential candidates for high-efficiency high-density power supply applications     

零电流开关大功率DC/DC双全桥变换器设计

提出了一种基于双全桥结构的单向零电流开关大功率（兆瓦级）DC/DC变换器,该变换器通过采用两个全桥变换器来实现零电流开关,实现了较低的功率损耗和输出滤波电感。为了验证提出的变换器在大功率应用中的有效性,构建了小型样机并在大功率直流电网进行了实际测试。实验证明,相比传统的两种单向大功率全桥变换器,提出变换器所需的滤波电感和半导体器件的功率损耗均较少,分别仅为1.72mH和924.5kW。     

Development of a fuzzy logic controller for DC/DC converters:design, computer simulation, and experimental evaluation

The design of a fuzzy logic controller for DC/DC power converters is described in this paper. A brief review of fuzzy logic and its application to control is first given. Then, the derivation of a fuzzy control algorithm for regulating DC/DC power converters is described in detail. The proposed fuzzy control scheme is evaluated by computer simulations as well as experimental measurements of the closed-loop performance of simple DC/DC power converters in respect of load regulation and line regulation     

Modified Pulse-Adjustment Technique to Control DC/DC Converters Driving Variable Constant-Power Loads

Multiconverter-distributed DC architectures have been utilized for power distribution in many applications such as telecommunication systems, sea and undersea vehicles, an international space station, aircraft, electric vehicles, hybrid-electric vehicles, and fuel-cell vehicles, where reliability is of prime concern. The number of power-electronic converters (AC/DC, DC/DC, DC/AC, and AC/AC) in these multiconverter electrical power systems varies from a few converters in a conventional land vehicle, to tens of converters in an advanced aircraft, and to hundreds of converters in the international space station. In these advanced applications, power-electronic converters might need to have a tight output-voltage regulation. From the output perspective, this property is highly desirable. However, since power-electronic converters are efficient, tight regulation of the output makes the converter appear as a constant-power load (CPL) at its input side. Dynamic behavior of CPLs is equivalent to negative impedance and, therefore, can result in instability of the interconnected power system. In order to mitigate the instability of the power converters loaded by CPLs, this paper presents the pulse-adjustment digital control technique. It is simple and easy to implement in application-specific integrated circuits, digital-signal processors, or field-programmable gate arrays. Moreover, its dynamic response is fast and robust. Line and load regulations are simply achievable using this technique. Analytical, as well as simulation and experimental results of applying the proposed method to a DC/DC buck-boost converter confirm the validity of the presented technique.     

Active input-voltage and load-current sharing in input-series and output-parallel connected modular DC-DC converters using dynamic input-voltage reference scheme

This paper explores a new configuration for modular DC/DC converters, namely, series connection at the input, and parallel connection at the output, such that the converters share the input voltage and load current equally. This is an important step toward realizing a truly modular power system architecture, where low-power, low-voltage, building block modules can be connected in any series/parallel combination at input or at output, to realize any given system specifications. A three-loop control scheme, consisting of a common output voltage loop, individual inner current loops, and individual input voltage loops, is proposed to achieve input voltage and load current sharing. The output voltage loop provides the basic reference for inner current loops, which is modified by the respective input voltage loops. The average of converter input voltages, which is dynamically varying, is chosen as the reference for input voltage loops. This choice of reference eliminates interaction among different control loops. The input-series and output-parallel (ISOP) configuration is analyzed using the incremental negative resistance model of DC/DC converters. Based on the analysis, design methods for input voltage controller are developed. Analysis and proposed design methods are verified through simulation, and experimentally, on an ISOP system consisting of two forward converters.     

Switched-capacitor DC/DC converters with resonant gate drive

In this paper, we examine how switched-capacitor (SC) converters can be used in low-voltage low-power DC/DC applications with power management. Analysis of losses is presented to facilitate SC converter design and optimization. A resonant gate drive is proposed to reduce switching losses and simplify control of switches in SC converters. A closed-loop controller is designed to enable and disable oscillations of the resonant gate drive so that the output DC voltage is well regulated down to zero load and so that high efficiency is maintained for a very wide range of loads. Results are experimentally verified on two low-power (0.2 and 5 W) five-one step-down converters with regulated 3 Vdc output and efficiency greater than 80% in a 100-1 load range     

DC/DC变换器输入阶跃响应测试方法研究

介绍了DC/DC变换器输入阶跃响应的概念和测试原理,对该参数的测试技术进行了探索,开发出适合的测试方法和测试系统。通过产品的测试,验证了测试方法和测试系统的准确性。该测试方法符合SJ20646-97《混合集成电路DC/DC变换器测试方法》的规定。该测试方法和系统适用于大动态输入范围和大功率DC/DC变换器输入阶跃响应的测试。