基于混合光场描述符的三维目标检索研究

针对三维目标（3D object）检索问题,提出了一种基于新型描述符的3D目标检索方法。首先,在分析现行基于视图的3D模型描述符在描述方法上不充分的基础上,提出了混合描述符H_D的总体思路。进而讨论了H_D总体框架,即在光场图像阵列自适应的基础上,实现了直方图颜色描述符H_CD,shock图形状描述符H_SD及贝叶斯网络（Bayesian Network,BN）纹理描述符H_TD的优化组合。其次,讨论了H_D各部分的具体实现及度量机制,最后,对H_D检索性能进行了实验分析,结果表明提出的方法是优于其他基于视图的检索方法。     

3D content-based search using sketches

This paper presents a novel interactive framework for 3D content-based search and retrieval using as query model an object that is dynamically sketched by the user. In particular, two approaches are presented for generating the query model. The first approach uses 2D sketching and symbolic representation of the resulting gestures. The second utilizes non-linear least squares minimization to model the 3D point cloud that is generated by the 3D tracking of the user’s hands, using superquadrics. In the context of the proposed framework, three interfaces were integrated to the sketch-based 3D search system including (a) an unobtrusive interface that utilizes pointing gesture recognition to allow the user manipulate objects in 3D, (b) a haptic–VR interface composed by 3D data gloves and a force feedback device, and (c) a simple air–mouse. These interfaces were tested and comparative results were extracted according to usability and efficiency criteria.     

Efficient 3D shape matching and retrieval using a concrete radialized spherical projection representation

We present a 3D shape retrieval methodology based on the theory of spherical harmonics. Using properties of spherical harmonics, scaling and axial flipping invariance is achieved. Rotation normalization is performed by employing the continuous principal component analysis along with a novel approach which applies PCA on the face normals of the model. The 3D model is decomposed into a set of spherical functions which represents not only the intersections of the corresponding surface with rays emanating from the origin but also points in the direction of each ray which are closer to the origin than the furthest intersection point. The superior performance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a comparison against state-of-the-art approaches on standard databases.     

基于目标形状的图像检索

针对已有的基于形状的图像检索中目标形状描述方法的不足对其进行改进。首先对目标图像进行一系列预处理,得到图像的外部轮廓,利用改进的霍夫变换提取目标轮廓的线性特征;然后引入成对几何特征即有向相对角和有向相对位置来描述图像的形状;最后利用直方图相交算法衡量图像特征间的相似度。实验证明,利用本文改进的方法所描述的形状属性来检索数据库中的图像具有较高的效率。     

改进的三维模型形状分布检索算法

针对传统D1距离形状分布函数获取采样点计算复杂、模型内容描述不充分和检索速率低下等问题提出了一种改进方法。该方法的关键点是：首先采用平移和缩放对模型进行标准化处理,用于减少面片之间的差异,使得采样点均匀地落在模型的表面;其次采用三角面片的索引号进行随机数的生成,并且利用三角面片的重心和质心进行有效的计算,以便用于缩短模型的处理时间和提高检索速率。利用普林斯顿大学三维模型数据库中的部分模型作为实验数据,实现结果表明：改进的方法不会降低模型的检索性能,并有效地减少了模型查询和处理时间。     

A survey of content based 3D shape retrieval methods

Recent developments in techniques for modeling, digitizing and visualizing 3D shapes has led to an explosion in the number of available 3D models on the Internet and in domain-specific databases. This has led to the development of 3D shape retrieval systems that, given a query object, retrieve similar 3D objects. For visualization, 3D shapes are often represented as a surface, in particular polygonal meshes, for example in VRML format. Often these models contain holes, intersecting polygons, are not manifold, and do not enclose a volume unambiguously. On the contrary, 3D volume models, such as solid models produced by CAD systems, or voxels models, enclose a volume properly. This paper surveys the literature on methods for content based 3D retrieval, taking into account the applicability to surface models as well as to volume models. The methods are evaluated with respect to several requirements of content based 3D shape retrieval, such as: (1) shape representation requirements, (2) properties of dissimilarity measures, (3) efficiency, (4) discrimination abilities, (5) ability to perform partial matching, (6) robustness, and (7) necessity of pose normalization. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the several approaches in content based 3D shape retrieval are discussed.

XML描述的三维模型检索技术的研究

基于内容的三维模型检索正逐渐成为研究的热点.三维模型描述方式的多样性使三维模型在互联网上实现检索变得困难,采用XML方式描述三维模型可以有效地解决这一问题.探讨了XML方式描述的三维模型的基于内容的检索技术,论述了三维模型检索的原理和系统框架,对其中涉及的关键技术进行了详细的讨论,内容包括三维模型数据结构、三维模型的XML描述方式、三维模型规范化预处理、特征提取、索引建立、相似性匹配以及检索界面的设计.     

基于面积分布的3D模型检索技术

基于内容的3D模型检索技术难以提取形状特征,该文通过提取表面面积分布来表示3D模型的形状特征,采用主分量分析方法确保特征满足平移不变性、旋转不变性、对称不变性。以切分块内三角面片面积和与总面积的比值作为特征,确保缩放不变性。二次型形式的距离公式计算的相似度能够有效地区分特征分量的空间位置。实验表明,基于面积分布的检索技术具有较好的检索效果。     

基于电场通量特征的3D模型检索方法

对基于内容的三维模型检索的应用背景和现有算法进行了研究。结合物理学的基本原理,提出了一种静电场电通量描述子,在三维模型的模拟电场中设置测试球壳,计算各个测试球壳内部的电通量,用以描述三维模型。该描述子具有平移、旋转和缩放不变的特征,并对噪声有较强的鲁棒性。实验证明该描述子具有较强的检索能力。     

3D model retrieval using principal plane analysis and dynamic programming

Three dimensional models play an important role in many applications; the problem is how to select the appropriate models from a 3D database rapidly and accurately. In recent years, a variety of shape representations, statistical methods, and geometric algorithms have been proposed for matching 3D shapes or models. In this paper, we propose a 3D shape representation scheme based on a combination of principal plane analysis and dynamic programming. The proposed 3D shape representation scheme consists of three steps. First, a 3D model is transformed into a 2D image by projecting the vertices of the model onto its principal plane. Second, the convex hall of the 2D shape of the model is further segmented into multiple disjoint triangles using dynamic programming. Finally, for each triangle, a projection score histogram and moments are extracted as the feature vectors for similarity searching. Experimental results showed the robustness of the proposed scheme, which resists translation, rotation, scaling, noise, and destructive attacks. The proposed 3D model retrieval method performs fairly well in retrieving models having similar characteristics from a database of 3D models.     

A multiresolution descriptor for deformable 3D shape retrieval

In this paper, we present a spectral graph wavelet framework for the analysis and design of efficient shape signatures for nonrigid 3D shape retrieval. Although this work focuses primarily on shape retrieval, our approach is, however, fairly general and can be used to address other 3D shape analysis problems. In a bid to capture the global and local geometry of 3D shapes, we propose a multiresolution signature via a cubic spline wavelet generating kernel. The parameters of the proposed signature can be easily determined as a trade-off between effectiveness and compactness. Experimental results on two standard 3D shape benchmarks demonstrate the much better performance of the proposed shape retrieval approach in comparison with three state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, our approach yields a higher retrieval accuracy when used in conjunction with the intrinsic spatial partition matching.