光电探测器表面反射特性研究

本文分析了硅光电二极管表面反射特性，并介绍了利用高稳定度激光光源对表面反射特性的实验结果。     

美研发出高效光电转换纳米材料

美国加州大学的研究人员包括中国、美国和墨西哥三国研究人员之内的研究小组成功研制出一种能高效率将太阳能转换成电能的纳米薄膜材料。该成果不仅能极大地提高太阳能电池光电转化率，而且可以用于其他能源技术中。     

激光干扰光电探测器综合模糊评估方法

在光电对抗系统中,激光干扰光电探测器的效能评估方法是有效实施光电干扰的关键.通过分析影响光电干扰效果的模糊因素,提出了激光干扰模糊评估的瞄准程度模型、能量密度模型、激光波长模型、脉冲宽度模型、大气环境模型、光电材料表面质量模型.通过单因素隶属度求解模糊关系矩阵,继而得出对光电干扰效果的综合模糊评估结果.给出了一个算例,计算结果表明,综合模糊评估方法能够有效实施光电干扰效能评估.     

InAlAs／InGaAs MSM光电探测器

采用ＧＳＭＢＥ方法及典型的器件工艺制成了用ＩｎＡｌＡｓ作为肖特基势垒增强材料的高性能ＩｎＡｌＡｓ／ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ ＭＳＭ光电探测器。用自制的测试系统对器件的直流和瞬态特性进行了测试，测试结果表明，器件的击穿电压大于３０Ｖ，在１０Ｖ偏压下暗电流小于２０ｎＡ，对应的暗电流密度为３ｐａ／μｍ＾２，优于已有文献的报导。     

纤维状有机光电探测器制备与特性研究

纤维状光电探测器因具有柔性可编织、全角度光探测等特性，有望在可穿戴电子领域取得广泛应用。现已报道的纤维状光电探测器多采用无机光敏材料，器件存在机械柔性受限、制备工艺复杂等问题。本文提出制备纤维状有机光电探测器(FOPD)，采用浸渍提拉法依次在锌丝表面制备电子传输层(ZnO)、有机体异质结光敏层(PBDB-T:ITICTh)和空穴传输层(PEDOT:PSS)等功能层，最后缠绕银丝或碳纳米管纤维(CNT)作为外电极，制备了两种柔性FOPD。结果表明，两种器件在可见光波段均具有优良的响应，整流特性明显，在-0.5 V偏压下比探测率均可达10¹¹Jones (300 nm～760 nm)。其中，CNT外电极与光敏层的界面接触更佳，器件具有更低的暗电流密度(9.5×10^-8A cm^-2，-0.5 V)和更快的响应速度(上升、下降时间：0.88 ms、6.00 ms)。本文的研究有望为柔性纤维器件和可穿戴电子领域的发展提供新思路。     

光电感烟火灾探测器的电路设计

详细介绍了光电感烟火探测器电路的各部分工作原理和设计要点，该电路具有用μＡ级电流驱动ｍＡ级器件工作的特点，有抗干扰电路，在很大程度上提高了火灾报警的可靠性，因此，具有一下的理论水平及很大的实用价值。     

光电探测器相对光谱响应度标准

本文介绍光电探测器相对光谱响应度标准的实验装置、方法及测量结果。该装置以补偿型真空热电堆为参考基准,采用双光路替代法,全部测量过程自动化。总的不确定度为±(1.5～4.0)％。     

一种高速大面积接收光电探测器

针对高速小钢珠测速过程中的特殊要求,设计了一种大面积,高速度,低噪声光电探测系统,经实测试证明其性能优良。     

一种高速大面积接收光电探测器

针对高速小钢珠测速过程中的特殊要求，设计了一种大面积、高速度、低噪声光电探测系统，经实弹测试，证明其性能优良．     

Progress of Photodetectors Based on the Photothermoelectric Effect

High‐performance uncooled photodetectors operating in the long‐wavelength infrared and terahertz regimes are highly demanded in the military and civilian fields. Photothermoelectric (PTE) detectors, which combine photothermal and thermoelectric conversion processes, can realize ultra‐broadband photodetection without the requirement of a cooling unit and external bias. In the last few decades, the responsivity and speed of PTE‐based photodetectors have made impressive progress with the discovery of novel thermoelectric materials and the development of nanophotonics. In particular, by introducing hot‐carrier transport into low‐dimensional material–based PTE detectors, the response time has been successfully pushed down to the picosecond level. Furthermore, with the assistance of surface plasmon, antenna, and phonon absorption, the responsivity of PTE detectors can be significantly enhanced. Beyond the photodetection, PTE effect can also be utilized to probe exotic physical phenomena in spintronics and valleytronics. Herein, recent advances in PTE detectors are summarized, and some potential strategies to further improve the performance are proposed.     

Heterogeneous Integration of Carbon‐Nanotube–Graphene for High‐Performance,Flexible, and Transparent Photodetectors

Low‐dimensional carbon materials, such as semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs), conducting graphene, and their hybrids, are of great interest as promising candidates for flexible, foldable, and transparent electronics. However, the development of highly photoresponsive, flexible, and transparent optoelectronics still remains limited due to their low absorbance and fast recombination rate of photoexcited charges, despite the considerable potential of photodetectors for future wearable and foldable devices. This work demonstrates a heterogeneous, all‐carbon photodetector composed of graphene electrodes and porphyrin‐interfaced single‐walled CNTs (SWNTs) channel, exhibiting high photoresponse, flexibility, and full transparency across the device. The porphyrin molecules generate and transfer photoexcited holes to the SWNTs even under weak white light, resulting in significant improvement of photoresponsivity from negligible to 1.6 × 10^?2 A W^?1. Simultaneously, the photodetector exhibits high flexibility allowing stable light detection under ≈50% strain (i.e., a bending radius of ≈350 µm), and retaining a sufficient transparency of ≈80% at 550 nm. Experimental demonstrations as a wearable sunlight sensor highlight the utility of the photodetector that can be conformally mounted on human skin and other curved surfaces without any mechanical and optical constraints. The heterogeneous integration of porphyrin–SWNT–graphene may provide a viable route to produce invisible, high‐performance optoelectronic systems.     

CdS Nanoscale Photodetectors

CdS nanostructures have received much attention in recent years as building blocks for optoelectronic devices due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This progress report provides an overview of recent research about rational design of CdS nanoscale photodetectors. Three kinds of photodetectors according to the metal‐semiconductor contact types are discussed in detail: Ohmic contact, Schottky contact, and field enhanced transistor configuration. The focus is on the tuning of optical and electrical properties CdS nanostructures by element doping, composition and bandgap engineering, and heterojunction integration, along with thus modified device performances generated during these tuning processes. Latest concepts of photodetector design such as flexible, self‐powered, plasmonic, and piezophototronic photodetectors with novel properties are introduced to demonstrate the future directions of such an exciting research field.     

Omnidirectional Photodetectors Based on Spatial Resonance Asymmetric Facade via a 3D Self-Standing Strategy

Integration of photovoltaic materials directly into 3D light–matter resonance architectures can extend their functionality beyond traditional optoelectronics. Semiconductor structures at subwavelength scale naturally possess optical resonances, which provides the possibility to manipulate light–matter interactions. In this work, a structure and function integrated printing method to remodel 2D film to 3D self-standing facade between predesigned gold electrodes, realizing the advancement of structure and function from 2D to 3D, is demonstrated. Due to the enlarged cross section in the 3D asymmetric rectangular structure, the facade photodetectors possess sensitive light–matter interaction. The single 3D facade photodetectors can measure the incident angle of light in 3D space with a 10° angular resolution. The resonance interaction of the incident light at different illumination angles and the 3D subwavelength photosensitive facade is analyzed by the simulated light flow in the facade. The 3D facade structure enhances the manipulation of the light–matter interaction and extends metasurface nanophotonics to a wider range of materials. The monitoring of dynamic variation is achieved in a single facade photodetector. Together with the flexibility of structure and function integrated printing strategy, three and four branched photodetectors extend the angle detection to omnidirectional ranges, which will be significant for the development of 3D angle-sensing devices.     

CsPbI3 Nanotube Photodetectors with High Detectivity

In the present work, the exploration of photodetectors (PDs) based on CsPbI₃ nanotubes are reported. The as‐prepared CsPbI₃ nanotubes can be stable for more than 2 months under air conditions. It is found that, in comparison to the nanowires, nanobelts, and nanosheets, the nanotubes can be advantageous to be used as the functional units for PDs, which is mainly attributed to the enhanced light absorption ability induced by the light trapping effect within the tube cavity. As a proof of concept, the as‐constructed PDs based on CsPbI₃ nanotube present an overall excellent performance with a responsivity (R_λ), external quantum efficiency (EQE) and detectivity of 1.84 × 10³ A W^?1, 5.65 × 10⁵% and 9.99 × 10¹³ Jones, respectively, which are all comparable to state‐of‐the‐art ones for all‐inorganic perovskite PDs.