含钙物质对黄铜矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响

文章通过浮选试验考察了几种含钙物质对黄铜矿和黄铁矿浮选行为的影响,结果表明,在丁黄药捕收剂的作用下,黄铜矿具有较好的可浮性。含钙物质很好地抑制了黄铁矿的浮选而基本不影响黄铜矿的浮选,扩大了它们的可浮性差距,表现出良好的选择性。探讨了含钙物质对黄铁矿抑制作用的机理。     

不同因素对黄铜矿、黄铁矿浮选分离动力学影响的研究

以动力学参数K（浮选速率系数）为依据,来评判黄铜矿、黄铁矿快速浮选分离的可能性.首 先,在不同矿浆浓度、浮选粒度及浮选机转速等条件下考察黄铜矿和黄铁矿纯矿物K值的变化,在一 定程度上阐释了黄铜矿、黄铁矿快速浮选分离的动力学机理及其可能性;同时,为使黄铜矿、黄铁矿快 速浮选分离技术在工业上具有适用性,进一步研究黄铜矿与黄铁矿组成的2种粒级的混合矿在适当 浮选条件下的动力学特性.结果表明,适当的浮选条件,可扩大黄铜矿与黄铁矿之间的浮选速率差异,从而实现黄铜矿的快速优先浮选.      

硫化铜矿诱导浮选及其机理的研究

本文详细地考察了黄铁矿的诱导浮选行为。研究表明，黄铜矿具有良好的自诱导可浮性；黄铁矿的自诱导可浮性很关，但在合适的硫化钠用量条件下，具有良好的硫诱导可浮性。与捕收剂诱导浮选相比，自诱导使铜硫分选的ＰＨ区域增宽。以此为依据可提出了铜硫浮选分离分离的新方案设计。     

硫化钠对全矿石诱导浮选的试验研究

在不加捕收剂的条件下，硫化钠可诱导金及其载体矿物黄铁矿、黄铜矿表面疏水上浮，其浮选行为可以通过调整矿浆ｐＨ值、矿浆电位Ｅｈ值和氧化时间加以控制．与常规有捕收剂浮选比较，其药剂制度简单、选择性强、浮选速度快．试验取得的技术指标比较理想．     

黄铜矿和镍黄铁矿浮选特性研究

考察了表面预处理、介质pH值和多价金属阳离子对黄铜矿和镍黄铁矿可浮性的影响。并结合矿物各自结晶构造和表面性质的分析,表明在碱性介质中浮选分离黄铜矿和镍黄铁矿是可行的。     

含砷多金属硫化矿浮选分离新工艺的研究

本文利用硫化矿浮选电化学对毒砂、黄铁矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿的浮选特性进行了研究；根据它们的浮选特性对广西某含砷多金属硫化矿进行了浮选分离，取得了较好的效果。     

云南某含大量磁黄铁矿的铜铅锌多金属硫化矿选矿工艺研究

针对原矿中含大量磁黄铁矿的特点,先磁选脱出磁黄铁矿及其它强磁性矿物,再混合浮选方铅矿、黄铜矿,然后浮选闪锌矿、黄铁矿。铜铅混合精矿再进行铜铅分离;浮选尾矿重选回收锡石。该流程方案可获得较好的铜铅锌硫分选指标,其中铜精矿铜品位11.26%,回收率29.25%;铅精矿铅品位45.26%,回收率71.20%;锌精矿锌品位45.97%,回收率83.00%。     

玻利维亚碳酸盐型混合铜矿石选冶联合方法分离铜硫

玻利维亚碳酸盐型混合铜矿石原矿含Cu品位为6.52%、S含量为16.33%、CO2含量为6.26%,铜以黄铜矿为主,其次为结合氧化铜。首先,采用浮选回收黄铜矿和黄铁矿,分别得到硫化铜精矿和硫精矿;采用氯化离析—浮选工艺进一步回收浮选尾矿中的结合氧化铜部分。氯化离析条件影响试验结果得出:氯化钙用量为5%、焦炭用量为7%、离析温度为850℃、离析时间为90 min的氯化离析综合条件比较合理,并得到了铜品位为19.68%,铜作业回收率为90.07%的氯化离析铜精矿作业分选指标。最后,进行浮选—氯化离析—浮选全工艺流程试验,得到了铜品位为23.51%,铜回收率为94.39%的铜精矿;硫品位为48.26%,硫回收率为56.98%的硫精矿,实现了玻利维亚碳酸盐型混合铜矿石中铜、硫的有效分离和综合回收。     

黄铁矿硫化钠诱导浮选的研究

本文给出了黄矿铁硫化钠诱导浮选行为的基本曲线：上浮率－ｐＨ关系，上浮率－硫化钠浓度关系和上浮率－矿浆电位（Ｅｐｔ）关系。结果表明，硫化钠能诱导黄铁矿表面疏水，黄铁矿具有良好硫化钠诱导浮选行为。通过ＨＳ－离子吸附量测定、矿物表面中性硫的溶剂提取－化学分析、浮选试验、伏安曲线和量子化学计算，阐明了ＨＳ－离子在黄铁矿表面电化学吸附的机理，解释了黄铁矿硫化钠诱导浮选好的原因。     

西藏某难选铅锌银硫多金属矿选矿工艺研究

西藏某难选铅锌银硫多金属硫化矿中铅、锌、硫矿物相互关系密切,特别是锌矿物内部普遍包含磁黄铁矿的离溶物以及细粒黄铜矿难以解离,并且部分磁黄铁矿可浮性较好,致使锌硫分离困难.针对该难选多金属矿的矿石性质,采用合理的一段磨矿铅、锌、硫依次优先浮选,浮选锌精矿磁选脱硫的工艺流程,对原矿中铅、锌、银、硫进行回收,通过详细的条件试...     

黄铁矿对黄铜矿浸出的影响

常压条件下,黄铜矿浸出速率缓慢,难以达到理想的浸出效果。溶液中,黄铁矿与黄铜矿共同存在时,发生"原电池效应"可以促进黄铜矿溶解。探究了在H_2SO_4溶液、H_2SO_4-Fe_2(SO_4)_3溶液和H_2SO_4-H_2O_2溶液中,黄铁矿对黄铜矿浸出的影响。结果表明,黄铁矿可有效促进黄铜矿溶解,但浸出并不完全。在浸出过程中黄铜矿表面形成钝化层,影响物质转移与电子传递效果。钝化层的主要成分为缺金属硫化物和少量单质硫。     

Morphology of chalcopyrite leaching in acidic ferric sulfate media

Two-dimensional computer simulations based on percolation theory were used to explain the morphology associated with atmospheric chalcopyrite leaching in acidic ferric sulfate solution. The aim of this study was to understand the differences in observed morphology between chalcopyrite residues leached with and without pyrite in the leach environment. The study of chalcopyrite morphology is of interest because there are no records of similar investigations available. Simulations showed high copper extractions from chalcopyrite when surface atoms were mobile leading to agglomeration of like atoms and the formation of highly porous mineral structures. High degrees of surface mobility are associated with active anodic behavior. The simulated morphology was consistent with previously observed residue morphology from chalcopyrite leach experiments in the presence of pyrite. Thus it was found that the enhanced recoveries and peculiar morphology observed during pyrite catalyzed leaching are attributable to active anodic behavior. Conversely, the simulations also showed that the recovery of copper was low when surface atoms were effectively locked in place resulting in mineral passivation. The simulation morphology obtained in this case was also consistent with experimental results of chalcopyrite leached without the presence of pyrite which have shown non-porous film like product layers.     

Surface chemical and flotation behaviour of chalcopyrite and pyrite in the presence of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans

Extraction of valuable metals and removal of sulfide minerals from abandoned mines holds the key for environmental protection. This paper discusses the utility of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans for the selective removal of pyrite from chalcopyrite for the economic extraction of valuable copper. Interaction of bacterial cells with the sulfide minerals altered the surface chemistry of both the minerals and cells. The isoelectric point of both pyrite and chalcopyrite shifted to higher pH after interaction with cells. Adhesion kinetics of the bacterial cells to both the minerals was similar, however, the adsorption density on pyrite was higher compared to that on chalcopyrite. Interaction with cells rendered both the minerals hydrophilic. Flotation of minerals, preconditioned with cells, with potassium isopropyl xanthate as collector resulted in depression of pyrite and good flotation of chalcopyrite. The observed behaviour is discussed in detail. Poor selectivity achieved when the minerals were floated together was overcome by conditioning the collector interacted minerals with the bacterial cells prior to flotation. Thus it was possible to selectively depress pyrite from chalcopyrite at both acidic and neutral pH conditions.     

Galvanic interaction between chalcopyrite and pyrite during bacterial leaching of low-grade waste

The bacterial leaching of a low-grade chalcopyrite waste rock in a lixiviant containing thermophilic, Sulfolobus-like microorganisms at 60°C and a lixiviant containing Thiobacillus ferrooxidans at 28°C has been compared with the leaching in sterile lixiviant in terms of copper solubilized in elapsed time and the conversion of $\text{Fe}{}^{\mathrm{3+}}\text{Fe}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}$. Bacterial action has been shown to drastically increase the ratio $\text{Fe}{}^{\mathrm{3+}}\text{Fe}{}^{\mathrm{2+}}$ with elapsed time of leaching. Direct observations of the associated pyrite and chalcopyrite surface corrosion, utilizing scanning electron microscopy, showed that during the leaching of these sulfides as separate, non-contacting phases, the pyrite corroded more rapidly than the chalcopyrite in both sterile and inoculated media. This effect was more pronounced at elevated temperature and in the presence of bacteria. When the pyrite and chalcopyrite were in contact, the resulting galvanic interaction caused the chalcopyrite to corrode more rapidly than the pyrite, which was effectively passivated. The leaching of chalcopyrite is thereby enhanced in contact with pyrite. This effect is accelerated in the presence of bacteria. The corrosion of chalcopyrite was also markedly enhanced as a result of the oxidation of elemental sulfur (formed during the reaction) to sulfuric acid. This reaction was also accelerated by bacterial catalysis. The important implications of the enhanced chalcopyrite corrosion by galvanic interaction in the leaching of low-grade chalcopyrite waste and other galvanic-contact regimes involving metal sulfides are identified and discussed.     

黄铁矿促进黄铜矿微生物浸出影响因素

采用摇瓶实验,以氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,At.f)浸出黄铁矿-黄铜矿,重点研究了基础培养基、矿物配比和粒度组成等因素的影响.黄铁矿能促进黄铜矿的微生物浸出,以采用无Fe 9K培养基效果较好,它对应铜浸出率是9K培养基的1.68倍;采用宽粒级矿物时铜浸出效果较好,且铜浸出率与黄铁矿和黄铜矿的质量比有关,当质量比为2:2时铜浸出率最高可达45.58%;黄铁矿含量大小是影响铜浸出率高低的实质,当质量比小于等于5:2时以At.f菌的氧化作用为主,当质量比为10:2时以硫化矿间的原电池效应为主.浸渣的X射线衍射分析表明,采用无Fe 9K培养基时浸渣中生成的钝化物黄钾铁矾较少,故黄铁矿可以很好地替代9K培养基中的FeSO₄,并能与黄铜矿形成原电池效应,从而促进铜的浸出.      

乳酸黄原酸钠合成及其对黄铁矿与黄铜矿抑制的作用机理

通过研究不同工艺条件对合成乳酸黄原酸钠的影响,结果显示乳酸黄原酸钠合成的较优工艺条件为乳酸、CS₂和NaOH摩尔比为1:1:2.1,反应温度为40 ℃,反应时间为4 h.在该条件下,产物产率达到59.25 %.利用紫外光谱和红外光谱进一步确认产物为乳酸黄原酸钠.以天然黄铜矿和黄铁矿为研究对象,系统研究了乳酸黄原酸钠对黄铜矿和黄铁矿可浮性的影响.利用Materials Studio软件进行模拟,从分子力学和分子动力学角度研究了乳酸黄原酸钠与黄铜矿、黄铁矿表面作用体系能量变化,模拟结果表明,乳酸黄原酸钠对黄铁矿抑制作用显著,而对黄铜矿抑制作用较差.红外光谱分析进一步验证了模拟结果.      

Reactivity comparison of Australian chalcopyrite concentrates in acidified ferric solution

The leaching of chalcopyrite from several Australian chalcopyrite concentrates by the reaction CuFeS₂ + 4 Fe(III) + Cu(II) + 5 Fe(II) + 2 S⁰ obeyed parabolic kinetics in acidified nitrate solution between 25 and 40°C. The chalcopyrite reactivity was dependent on the mineral composition of the concentrate: the presence of pyrite accelerated the reaction markedly, but sphalerite and bismuthinite slowed it slightly. Galvanic interaction between minerals cannot account for this change: instead, the associated minerals must influence the rate determining diffusion of the lattice elements within the chalcopyrite crystal.     

某地多金属硫化矿中不同硫化物含金量的测定

采用0.05％SnCl_2—20％HCl作方沿矿的选择溶剂,浸渣以浮选法选出黄铜精矿及黄铁矿的混合精矿产品,与脉石分离。然后进一步浮选混合精矿,分别选出黄铜矿、黄铁矿,并通过矿物量及其含金品位,计算出各种矿物中含金量。