亚麻/PP复合材料的制备及其弯曲性能研究

将亚麻纤维作为增强体,与聚丙烯(PP)纤维进行混合,同时与PP长丝形成PP包覆亚麻的纱线结构,利用机织工艺织造成机织布作为复合板材的预制件,采用层合热压方法制备亚麻/PP复合材料。通过对板材弯曲性能进行测试,研究了制备工艺、纱线结构以及亚麻纤维含量(质量分数)等因素对复合材料弯曲性能的影响。研究结果表明,"三明治"铺层方法制备的板材较"混纤法"制备的板材体现出更优异的弯曲性能;与加捻纱相比,包覆纱结构板材表现出更优良的弯曲性能;以亚麻/PP包覆纱为增强体的复合材料,当亚麻纤维质量分数为46%时,其弯曲性能最优良。     

聚丙烯/亚麻复合材料的制备及其冲击性能的研究

以亚麻纱线作为增强体与聚丙烯(PP)纤维按不同质量比进行混合,制备出PP长丝包覆的包覆纱,利用机织工艺织成二维机织布作为复合材料的预制铺层,采用热压法进行层合热压,制备出亚麻增强PP复合材料板材。通过对板材冲击性能的测试及分析,研究了制备工艺、纱线结构及纤维含量等因素对复合材料冲击性能的影响。结果表明,当亚麻纱线质量分数为68%时板材的冲击性能最好;"三明治"(纯亚麻织物与聚丙烯纤维毡交替铺层)法制备的板材表现出较好的冲击性能;0°/0°板材在受到冲击时比0°/90°板材吸收的冲击能更多,表现出较好的耐冲击性。     

亚麻纤维增强热固性树脂复合材料板材的研究

本文以亚麻纤维作为原料,经过针刺工艺制得亚麻纤维针刺毡,作为复合材料的增强体.通过改变纤维、热固性树脂种类,利用真空辅助RTM方法及模压法制备复合材料板材.对板材进行了拉伸及弯曲性能测试,比较了不同纤维和树脂的结合情况,进一步阐述了板材破坏机理.     

制备工艺对亚麻增强聚丙烯复合材料拉伸性能的影响

以亚麻纤维为增强体,与聚丙烯（PP）长丝进行丝束级共混,形成PP包覆亚麻的纱线结构,利用机织工艺织成二维机织布,作为复合材料的预制件。采用层合热压方法制备PP／亚麻复合材料板材。通过对板材拉伸性能测试及扫描电镜（SEM）拉伸断口形貌分析,研究了不同纤维体积分数、织造密度及织造组织等因素对复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,在选取最优热压温度与压力的条件下,纤维体积分数为50％的板材性能最优;经向密度相同时,拉伸性能随着纬向密度的增加而提高;经、纬向密度均相同时,斜纹3／1组织的板材性能最优,纬向最大拉伸强度可达92．42 MPa。     

亚麻非织造布的缝合加固及其复合材料成型性研究

亚麻纤维通过针刺工艺加工成非织造布,再经缝合加固后,作为复合材料的增强体,与不饱和聚酯树脂复合,制成亚麻/不饱和聚酯复合材料板材及异型件。利用真空辅助树脂传递模塑法制备出的板材,亚麻纤维和树脂结合较为均匀、充分。模压法形成的亚麻非织造布异型件成型良好,无褶皱与破洞。对板材及异型件拉伸、弯曲及压缩等性能的测试结果表明,板材拉伸强度最大值达58.59MPa,弯曲强度最大值为120.26MPa;采用平行缝合工艺的异型件最大破坏载荷为8.99kN。     

GF增强PP/苎麻纤维复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用非织造-模压工艺,以苎麻纤维为增强体和聚丙烯(PP)纤维制备了PP/苎麻纤维复合材料,然后添加玻璃纤维(GF)对PP/苎麻纤维复合材料进行增强改性。分别研究了不同含量苎麻纤维、GF对复合材料弯曲性能、剪切性能及吸水性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了改性前后复合材料界面结合的微观形貌变化。结果表明,当PP/苎麻纤维复合材料中苎麻纤维体积分数为40%时,复合材料的弯曲、剪切性能最优;当添加体积分数为5%的GF和35%的苎麻纤维时,PP/GF/苎麻纤维复合材料弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、层间剪切强度分别增加18.48%,10.22%和31.41%,且复合材料吸水率最小。     

亚麻针织物增强聚丙烯基热塑性复合材料的制备

本文以天然亚麻纤维为增强纤维,聚丙烯为基体,编织形成不同纤维体积比、不同结构的亚麻/聚丙烯针织物预制件,并经过热压复合制备形成一定的亚麻/聚丙烯针织物增强热塑性绿色环保的民用纺织复合材料。通过对增强纤维及基体材料性能的分析,以及对预制件和复合材料板材结构参数和制备工艺的设计和分析,得到较优的产品结构和制备工艺,认为亚麻/聚丙烯针织结构预制件的编织工序简单且效率高,并可直接热压复合,降低了复合材料的制备成本。4层、6层预制件热压过程中施加的最大压力为10MPa时最优,8层预制件热压过程中施加的最大压力为15MPa时最优。     

PE/BPF、PP/BPF复合材料的制备与性能研究进展

对国内采用剑麻纤维(SF)、黄麻纤维(JF)与亚麻纤维(FF)三种麻类植物纤维(BPF)与聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)两种塑料制备复合材料的制备工艺及性能进行了分析,阐述了PE/BPF与PP/BPF复合材料的研究现状,并展望了该类复合材料的应用前景。     

洋麻纤维的表面改性及其在聚丙烯基复合材料中的应用

采用碱处理、偶联剂处理以及碱–偶联剂复合处理对洋麻纤维进行表面改性,然后将其与聚丙烯(PP)纤维复合,采用非织造–模压工艺制备了PP/洋麻纤维复合材料。研究了上述3种表面改性方法对洋麻纤维强度及其复合材料弯曲与剪切性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了洋麻纤维表面改性前后的形貌变化及其与PP基体之间的界面结合状况。结果表明,表面改性后洋麻纤维的拉伸强度均降低,但复合材料的弯曲强度及层间剪切强度均提高,表明这3种改性方法均提高了洋麻纤维与PP之间的界面结合强度;碱处理可去除纤维表面的果胶成分,使纤维束变得松散,使复合材料的弯曲强度及层间剪切强度分别较未表面改性时提高了21%和169%,但弯曲弹性模量降低了21%;偶联剂处理则使复合材料的弯曲强度,弯曲弹性模量和层间剪切强度较未表面改性时提高了23%,7%和160%;碱–偶联剂复合处理兼顾了碱处理和偶联剂处理的优点,使复合材料弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量和层间剪切强度分别较未表面改性时提高了26%,18%和572%,综合性能最佳。SEM结果表明,碱–偶联剂复合处理后,复合材料中纤维与树脂之间的界面结合较好。     

亚麻/聚丙烯复合材料的成型工艺和拉伸性能研究

本文探讨了亚麻/聚丙烯纤维复合材料的制备工艺和拉伸性能.对亚麻纤维含量分别为30%、40%、50%、60%、70%的复合材料进行比较,分析增强纤维含量对复合材料拉伸性能的影响;对模压温度分别为150℃、160℃、170℃、180℃、190℃的复合材料进行比较,分析模压温度对复合材料拉伸性能的影响,最后确定模压温度及亚麻/聚丙烯纤维的混合比.     

改善N-PP纤维加工性能的关键因素

探索了制备高等规度聚丙烯 (N-PP)高强纤维的加工条件 ,讨论了纺丝拉伸条件及原料的熔融指数 (MI )和等规度对 N -PP纤维的结构和性能的影响 ,发现采用降低卷绕丝取向度的方法可以改善 N-PP纤维的拉伸性。结果表明 :用 MI较低的 N -PP原料 ,在适宜的纺丝温度、缓冷的条件下 ,再配以一定的拉伸倍数及紧张热定型 ,可制得强度大于 7c N/ dtex的 N-PP高强纤维。     

Unidirectional hemp and flax EP‐ and PP‐composites: Influence of defined fiber treatments

In some technical areas, mainly in the automotive industry, glass fiber reinforced polymers are intended to be replaced by natural fiber reinforced polymer systems. Therefore, higher requirements will be imposed to the physical fiber properties, fiber‐matrix adhesion, and the quality assurance. To improve the properties of epoxy resins (EP) and polypropylene (PP) composites, flax and hemp fibers were modified by mercerization and MAH‐PP coupling agent was used for preparing the PP composites. The effects of different mercerization parameters such as concentration of alkali (NaOH), temperature, and duration time along with tensile stress applied to the fibers on the structure and properties of hemp fibers were studied and judged via the cellulose I–II lattice conversion. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the fibers can be controlled in a broad range by using appropriate mercerization parameters. Unidirectional EP composites were manufactured by the filament winding technique; at the PP matrix material, a combination with a film‐stacking technique was used. The influence of mercerization parameters on the properties of EP composites was studied with hemp yarn as an example. Different macromechanical effects are shown at hemp‐ and flax‐PP model composites with mercerized, MAH‐PP‐treated, or MAH‐PP‐treated mercerized yarns. The composites' properties were verified by tensile and flexural tests. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2150–2156, 2004     

Long jute fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composite: Effects of jute fiber bundle and glass fiber hybridization

Two types of long jute fiber pellet consisting of twisted‐jute yarn (LFT‐JF/PP) and untwisted‐jute yarn (UT‐JF/PP) pellets are used to prepare jute fiber–reinforced polypropylene (JF/PP) composites. The mechanical properties of both long fiber composites are compared with that of re‐pelletized pellet (RP‐JF/PP) of LFT‐JF/PP pellet, which is re‐compounded by extrusion compounding. High stiffness and high impact strength of JF/PP composites are as a result of using long fiber. However, the longer fiber bundle consequently affects the distribution of jute fiber. The incorporation of 10 wt % glass fibers is found to improve mechanical properties of JF/PP composites. Increasing mechanical properties of hybrid composites is dependent on the type of JF/PP pellets, which directly affect the fiber length and fiber orientation of glass fiber within hybrid composites. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41819.     

PBT—BCF的研制

利用PP-BCF设备研制生产PBT-BCF,要求PBT切片[η]为0.9dL/g,干燥后含水≤2.5‰;PBT-BCF生产中纺丝温度控制在低于PET纺丝温度10—15℃;可用PP色母粒原液着色生产有色丝;纺丝油剂可用PET长丝油剂;并对产品的性能和用途作了简要介绍。     

聚丙烯(PP)纤维表面改性技术

结合聚丙烯（PP）纤维分子结构特点、表面特性以及在水泥基材料应用中存在的问题，研究了用化学法、等离子处理、表面接枝处理和偶联剂处理等方法对聚丙烯纤维表面的改性技术。     

抗静电可染棉型丙纶短纤维的研制

通过对抗静电可染丙纶短纤维抗静电及染色机理的分析研究，试制出了丙纶用新型复合抗静电剂及染色剂，并得到了生产题述纤维的两组分最佳添加量及生产工艺．结果表明：抗静电组分加入量为６％，可染组分加入量在８％～１０％时，纤维相对上染率可达６５％以上（分散兰２ＢＬＮ，１００℃＋４０ｍｉｎ），备电压３２Ｖ，半衰期１．３ｓ．该纤维可在普通绵纺设备上纺制成高支纱线，并可经染整加工成各种色泽。     

Injection molding of long sisal fiber–reinforced polypropylene: Effects of compatibilizer concentration and viscosity on fiber adhesion and thermal degradation

A two‐step process was used to obtain long sisal fiber‐polypropylene (SF/PP)–reinforced thermoplastic composites, using maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA‐g‐PP) as a compatibilizer. At a first stage, modified polypropylenes (mPP) were used for an extrusion impregnation process, for the preparation of composite pellets containing about 70 wt% of SF. SF/mPP pellets with a large aspect ratio were prepared by continuous extrusion impregnation of a continuous SF yarn, using a single screw extruder and an adequate impregnation die. The mPP used were MA‐g‐PP and regular polypropylene (PP), modified by reaction with different amounts of an organic peroxide. The composite pellets were thus dry blended with regular PP pellets in an injection machine hopper, and injection molded to obtain composite tensile specimens with a minimum quantity of modified polypropylene, minimum fiber breakage and thermal degradation, and excellent mechanical properties. It is shown that the fiber breakage is reduced to a minimum, even for recycled composites, due to the presence of the low‐viscosity polymer layer wetting the SF fibers. The bulk composite effective viscosity and the fiber breakage extent and thermal degradation during the injection‐molding step are found to be closely related. Blending with much less expensive mPP at the impregnation stage optimizes the amount of expensive MA‐g‐PP. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 45:613–621, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers     

GA747织机生产新型玻璃纤维纱罗网布的实践

新型玻璃纤维纱罗网布的地经和纬纱采用玻璃纤维无捻直接纱,绞经采用涤纶丝生产,取代传统网布使用的有捻纱线,并去除传统纺织中的整经工序,在GA747织机上安装绞综综框且采用合理的织造工艺,有效降低原料成本,提高产品品质。     

疏水性丙纶短纤维的研制及生产

针对市场对不同用途高档次的丙纶卫生材料需求量日益增大的现实进行了疏水性丙纶短纤维的研制开发,对生产工艺和工艺特点进行了详细表述。在研制过程中,对疏水性油剂、抗静电剂的选择和试用过程都作了具体分析。经试生产后参照有关检验分析方法,这种疏水性纤维的各项检测结果均满足质量指标要求,并且下游用户制成的非织造布的检测结果也符合其生产要求,表明研制开发的生产工艺可应用于工业化生产。