激光微织构表面脂润滑性能试验研究

采用声光调 Q 二极管泵浦固体光源（DPSS）Nd∶YAG 激光器,在45＃钢试样表面进行激光微织构加工,采用 VYKO-NT1100三维形貌分析仪对微观织构形貌进行测量。以二硫化钼润滑脂为润滑剂,在 MMW-1A 型摩擦磨损试验机上进行微织构试样和光滑试样在不同工况条件下的摩擦性能对比试验。试验结果表明,在一定条件下,面积占有率为14％的微凹腔织构表面的脂润滑性能明显优于未织构光滑表面,且随着微凹腔面积占有率的增大,摩擦因数波动范围变小;凹槽织构表面较未织构光滑表面具有更好的润滑稳定性;在脂润滑条件下,激光微织构表面较未织构光滑表面摩擦因数最大可降低26％。     

水润滑条件下等离子陶瓷涂层的磨损机理研究

针对纯水液压柱塞泵工况，研究了滴水润滑条件下五种等离子陶瓷涂层和整体烧结氧化铝配对的摩擦磨损情况，考察了摩擦系数和试环的磨损量随时间的变化规律，利用SEM、X射线能量色散谱仪等设备观察和分析了磨损表面的形貌和化学元素组成。     

超细氟化石墨的润滑性能研究

通过四球机考查了润滑添加剂超细氟化石墨在各种不同油中的钢－钢、钢－铜的摩擦学特性,并测试了它的理化性能和应用性能,应用ＡＥＳ能谱对试验件摩擦面进行元素深度剖析,并以其它抗磨极压添加剂（ＺＤＤＰ、Ｔ３０２和Ｔ３２１）作为对比。结果表明：超细氟化石墨具有优良的润滑性能,将可应用于各种环境中。     

电沉积稀土改性陶瓷涂层磨损性能研究

探讨了在电火花加工机床上沉积碳化钛金属陶瓷涂层方法,利用TiC,WC,Mo,N i粉未添加不同比例稀土元素在高压下压制并烧结了试验电极,在45#钢表面沉积了不同稀土含量的TiC陶瓷涂层,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计、环块式磨损试验机对涂层组成、组织形态进行、硬度及摩擦学性能分别进行了研究,并结合试验结果进行了理论分析。试验结果表明:用电火花放电法可沉积TiC陶瓷涂层,涂层中加入质量分数为0.5%的氧化镧后,涂层的耐磨性能较未加稀土涂层提高了3倍,摩擦因数减少10%,而加入过多的稀土镧氧化物则不利于涂层组织性能及耐磨性能的改善。稀土氧化镧对涂层的组织有改善作用,加入适量的稀土元素使得涂层致密性提高,减少涂层中的缺陷,涂层表面呈多孔结构特性。     

工程陶瓷润滑技术的研究现状

讨论了固相润滑技术、液相润滑技术和气相润滑技术的机制及其研究的进展情况     

血浆润滑性能的试验研究

在人工器官的研制和使用过程中,血浆常被作为润滑剂,与人工合成的润滑剂相比,血浆具有一定的优越性。按照GB3142-82方法测试出了血浆的承载能力,采用Leica DMI5000M材料显微镜观察了磨痕的微观特征。研究表明,血浆的润滑性能良好,承载能力可达390N左右,此研究为人工器官的润滑设计提供了依据。分析了血浆润滑膜的组成,指出速度不变的情况下,压力的增大将导致血浆润滑膜的破裂,使钢球磨损加剧。     

血液润滑性能试验研究

按照GB 3142-82方法对全血及血浆的润滑性能进行了试验测试,试验表明全血润滑膜的强度比血浆润滑膜的强度大,全血的PB值为670 N左右,而血浆的PB值为400 N左右;并采用Leica DMI5000M材料显微镜观察了钢球磨痕及血液润滑和血浆润滑时在钢球表面形成的润滑膜,描绘了载荷和钢球磨斑直径关系图,通过对比发现全血的润滑性能优于血浆。     

机电设备润滑工程集成信息系统及其开发前景

本文以工程信息技术的发展和摩擦学系统论为依据,提出了开发以机电产品生命周期为主线,集设备润滑设计、润滑知识库、润滑材料及技术数据库、试验设计、润滑磨损状态监测与故障诊断和设备维护咨询等功能为一体的润滑工程信息系统的基本思想,讨论了该系统基本结构要素、功能目标和实现途径,分析了这类系统的工程应用前景.作者认为,发展这种以知识和技术资源为核心的信息服务系统,具有广泛的应用市场前景和重要的摩擦学实践意义.     

混合型轴承摩擦机理的研究

采用Timken摩擦试验机在空气中,水、润滑油及合成油脂润滑状态下对M50钢、热静等压氮化硅陶瓷轴承元件的摩擦机理进行了研究.对各种参数包括速度、滑动距离和润滑剂进行了比较.     

Analytical Solution of Piston Ring Lubrication Using Mass Conserving Cavitation Algorithm

A novel analytical approach for piston ring lubrication solution is presented by taking proper account of mass conservation in the cavitated region (JFO boundary conditions). A system of five nonlinear equations is employed to calculate such parameters as oil film thickness, frictional force, power loss, and oil flow rate. For an enclosed cavitation pattern in piston-ring assembly it was found, that JFO boundary conditions give much better accounting of the estimation of friction force, power loss and flow rate. To show the effectiveness of the undertaken approach, the widely accepted Jeng's approach (Jeng, 1992a) was selected, in which the pressure contribution from the cavitated and the second full film regions, as well as the trailing edge pressure, are ignored.     

Analytical Solution of Piston Ring Lubrication Using Mass Conserving Cavitation Algorithm

A novel analytical approach for piston ring lubrication solution is presented by taking proper account of mass conservation in the cavitated region (JFO boundary conditions). A system of five nonlinear equations is employed to calculate such parameters as oil film thickness, frictional force, power loss, and oil flow rate. For an enclosed cavitation pattern in piston-ring assembly it was found, that JFO boundary conditions give much better accounting of the estimation of friction force, power loss and flow rate. To show the effectiveness of the undertaken approach, the widely accepted Jeng's approach (Jeng, 1992a) was selected, in which the pressure contribution from the cavitated and the second full film regions, as well as the trailing edge pressure, are ignored.     

Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Ceramic Materials

ABSTRACT

The effect of thermal conductivity on point elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) contacts was discussed with representative engineering ceramics and steel by a non-Newtonian thermal EHL analysis. Through this investigation, fundamentals of EHL characteristics of contact surfaces composed of different thermal conductivities were generally revealed and a combination of optimum ceramic materials has been proposed. Furthermore, when the contacting materials are the same, it has been pointed out that the equivalent elastic modulus should be rather small and the thermal conductivity of the contact material should be high to obtain a thick overall film thickness and low film pressure.     

Lubrication of Ceramics by Tribopolymerization: A Designed Experiment to Determine Effects of Monomer Structure,Load, and Speed on Wear

An experimental study of ceramic lubrication by tribopolymerization at high loads and high speeds, using a pin-on-disk (fixed ball-on-flat) machine with alumina-on-alumina, is presented. In order to extend the range of applied loads and sliding velocities beyond those used in previous studies, a three-factor, two-level designed experiment was carried out to determine the effects of monomer structure, load, and speed on wear. Five monomers of widely varying chemical structure were used at one percent concentration in a hydrocarbon carrier fluid, hexadecane. They consisted of (a) one condensation-type monomer, a partial glycol ester of a longchain dimer acid, and (b) four vinyl-type addition monomers. Two levels of load (40 and 160 N) and speed (0.25 and 1.0 m/s) - each varying by a factor of four were used; thus the range of frictional heat generation was 16 to 1.

The results of this study were rather surprising and changed our thinking on the mechanism(s) by which monomers can act to reduce ceramic wear. For example, at low speeds — regardless of load — the monomers used were very effective in reducing wear, with reductions ranging from 44 to 98 percent depending on the monomer and load. However, at high speeds, the monomers were generally ineffective; in some cases, increases in wear were observed. This was unexpected.

Possible explanations for this behavior — including surface temperature effects and tribochemical reactions — are discussed. Results presented on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy of worn ceramic surfaces and wear debris show that the film-formation from the monomer solutions is complex, involving a combination of aluminum soap formation as well as evidence of oligomer/polymer formation in some cases, notably diallyl phthalate.     

Lubrication of Solids at High Temperatures

This paper deals with recent work applicable to the problems of high-temperature lubrication carried out in the Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, University of Cambridge, England. Three main aspects are considered (a) friction of lamellar solids, (b) lubrication from the gas phase (c) frictional properties of hard metals at high temperatures.     

Study of Influence of Helix Angle on Friction Characteristics of Helical Gears

The minimizing of friction loss of helical gears is one of today's most important problems. Though helical gears are very widely used in power transmissions of automobiles and ships, basic research on helical gears is comparatively scarce. Under these circumstances, the authors studied the friction loss of helical gears in view of various helix angles, loads, and rotational speeds. Further the relationship between temperature rise of teeth and friction loss was made clear. The results were discussed from the viewpoint of reduction of friction loss and were related to the results of the authors' spur gear tests. Friction loss and temperature rise of helical gear teeth were also investigated while the helix angles were widely varied. All these results, based on experimental investigations, were summarized and general formulas were established in view of gear design.     

虚拟弹性流体润滑实验台的研究

弹性流体动力润滑是摩擦学主要研究领域,由于弹流状态下润滑剂所处的特殊条件,其实验过程十分复杂,获取数据也非常困难。本文利用数值计算方法和计算机技术。在计算机上虚拟显示实验过程和结果,形象地表现出弹流实验的现象及特征,为弹流实验教学和研究提供了一种快速和有效的工具。     

模具钢、复合陶瓷强化模具钢和结构陶瓷高温摩擦学性能比较

从实用角度出发，模拟金属挤压工况，对比研究了模具钢、陶瓷薄膜强化模具钢和结构陶瓷三种模具材料的摩擦学特性，测试了高温下的磨损规律。研究结果对挤压模具设计具有指导意义。