悬浮法PVC专用树脂技术进展

PVC树脂的改性有物理方法和化学方法两种途径,文中从产品性能、生产工艺、牌号及用途几方面介绍了几种改性悬浮法PVC专用树脂,如低聚合PVC、高聚合度PVC、交联PVC、氯化聚氯乙烯、粉末涂层用PVC专用树脂、球形树脂、直接挤出成型加工硬质PVC专用树脂、耐热PVC树脂、氯乙烯－醋酸乙烯系一旬共聚树脂、内增塑PVC树脂、氯乙烯－乙烯／醋酸乙烯接枝共聚物、氯乙烯－丙烯酸酯共聚树脂、PVC合金专用料等。指出了我国发展PVC专和树脂的重要性。     

聚氯乙烯树脂耐热和增韧改性研究进展

综述了聚氯乙烯（PVC）树脂耐热改性和增韧改性的研究进展。PVC耐热改性方法主要有添加热稳定剂、交联、共混、共聚、氯化及无机纳米粒子改性;增韧改性的主要方法包括弹性体、纳米粒子、聚合物/无机纳米复合材料、纳米级微纤增韧以及原位聚合的方法。最后,提出了PVC耐热和增韧改性的发展方向。     

改性耐热聚氯乙烯树脂及其在管道中的应用概述

从聚氯乙烯树脂的耐热改性出发,阐述了PVC树脂耐热改性的物理改性和化学改性2种常用方法.介绍了改性耐热聚氯乙烯树脂的种类及用途,分析了适合在输送管道领域应用的耐热聚氯乙烯树脂的概况.     

聚氯乙烯泡沫的耐热改性研究

采用耐热性聚合物共混、耐热改性剂共混和添加多官能单体等方法对PVC泡沫进行耐热改性,对泡沫的耐热性能均有一定程度的提高。采用100份SAN树脂改性,可将泡沫的耐热性能提高到82.2℃;采用耐热改性剂X-1202改性,将泡沫的耐热性能提高到84.5℃;采用含刚性环状的多官能团单体C,可在添加量很少的情况下将泡沫的耐热性能提高到95.2℃,多官能团单体的耐热改性效果最佳。     

PVC/耐热改性剂共混体系的力学及耐热性能研究

以具有核壳结构的纳米级交联粒子为耐热改性剂,系统研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂/粒子耐热改性剂/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)树脂三元共混体系的力学性能、维卡耐热性能及流变行为,探讨了刚性粒子和橡胶粒子在PVC树脂增韧和耐热改性过程中的相互作用及关键影响因素。结果表明:具有核壳结构的纳米离子型耐热改性剂可以显著提高PVC树脂的维卡软化温度,加入MBS树脂可提高共混物冲击强度。研究发现,PVC中加入8份MBS和15份耐热改性剂,可制得耐热、抗冲兼备的PVC共混新材料。     

含N-环己基马来酰亚胺共聚物的制备及其与PVC共混的研究

通过悬浮聚合法制得了含N-环己基马来酰亚胺(CHMI)的共聚物,将此共聚物作为耐热改性剂与PVC共混,研究了共聚物的热学性能及其与PVC的相容性,考查了耐热改性PVC树脂的热学性能和力学性能。     

聚氯乙烯耐热改性的研究进展

介绍了提高PVC耐热性的几条途径,如交联、卤化、共混、共聚等,尤其是N-取代马来酰亚胺改性PVC树脂,既能显著提高PVC的耐热性,又有较好的冲击性能。     

基于竹炭/聚酯复合纤维增强聚氯乙烯复合管的研发

以聚氯乙烯（PVC）树脂为原料,对PVC材料进行改性,制备竹炭/聚酯复合纤维增强PVC软管,对纤维增强PVC软管的力学性能、耐高温老化性和耐疲劳性进行探究。结果表明：改性PVC树脂具有较好的力学性能,其拉伸强度为17.63 MPa,断裂伸长率高达336.22%。同时改性PVC树脂具有优异的耐热老化性能。与纯PVC材料相比,经竹炭/聚酯复合纤维增强的PVC软管具有较好的力学性能,且本产品的各项性能在耐疲劳测试中均满足国家标准。     

石墨烯/PVC原位聚合树脂的开发

介绍了石墨烯的制备工艺与改性方法、石墨烯/聚合物复合材料的制备工艺。制备了氧化还原石墨烯/PVC原位聚合树脂,发现其耐热性能、热稳定时间(刚果红法)得到改善;改性的氧化还原石墨烯可明显提高PVC树脂的冲击强度和断裂伸长率,但拉伸强度略微降低,而未改性氧化还原石墨烯则会降低PVC树脂的力学性能。电镜照片显示氧化还原石墨烯/PVC原位聚合树脂中石墨烯与聚合物基体呈现砖墙形纳米层层自组装结构。     

共混改性提高PVC耐热性的研究进展

从共混高分子耐热改性剂、添加无机填料及耐热性聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂等方面总结了提高PVC耐热性的主要方法,并对各种改性方法进行了比较。     

聚氯乙烯耐热改性研发进展

综述了聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂的主要耐热改性方法,主要包括添加热稳定剂、交联改性、共混改性、共聚合改性以及氯化改性等,指出了其今后研究开发的方向。     

Novel‐modified kaolin for enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

Novel surface‐modified kaolin with liquid‐like behavior was prepared. The characteristics of the solvent‐free kaolin fluid were evaluated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, WAXD, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/solvent‐free kaolin fluid composites were also fabricated via melt mixing. Owing to the novel surface modification, the hydrophilic kaolin surface grafted long organic chains, which made that the solvent‐free kaolin fluid could be well dispersed in PVC matrix and firmly integrated with the PVC matrix. The resulted composites exhibited better heat resistance and mechanical properties than neat PVC resins. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

氯乙烯共聚弹性体对聚氯乙烯的改性及性能影响

以氯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚弹性体（VCE）增韧改性PVC树脂提高聚氯乙烯（PVC）的抗冲击性能,并与传统抗冲击改性剂甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（MBS）、ACR及氯化聚乙烯（CPE）改性的PVC材料比较。对改性PVC的流变性能、力学性能、热变形性能及断面结构进行表征和微观观察。结果表明,随着VCE含量的增加,PVC的拉伸强度与弯曲强度逐渐减小,抗冲击强度与断裂伸长率逐渐增加,热变形温度逐渐降低;在相同用量的条件下,VCE对 PVC的改性效果优于ACR及CPE,达到MBS改性PVC的水平,VCE能够增韧PVC,提高PVC的抗冲击性能,是一种性能优异的新型PVC抗冲击改性剂。     

酚醛树脂的改性研究进展

综述了近3年采酚醛树脂耐热和增韧改性的研究进展简要介绍了各种方法的改性机理及研究现状最后对酚醛树脂改性方法的发展前景作出了展望.     

双马来酰亚胺树脂合成与改性研究进展

双马来酰亚胺(BMI)树脂具有良好的耐热性、电绝缘性、耐候性、力学性能和尺寸稳定性,但其脆性较大,不能满足使用要求。介绍了目前国内外BMI树脂的合成工艺(包括乙酸酐脱水法、热脱水闭环法和共沸蒸馏脱水法),简述了BMI的增韧改性方法(包括内扩链法改性、烯丙基化合物改性、胺类化合物改性、热塑性树脂改性、热固性树脂改性和橡胶增韧改性等),并提出了未来BMI树脂合成与改性的发展方向。     

汽车用环保PVC电缆料的研制之一——PVC聚合度的选择

比较了S-1000型、S-1300型和P-2500型PVC树脂的物理性能、耐老化性、力学性能及其电缆料的性能,以及采用不同厂家的1000型PVC树脂生产的绝缘电线的外观质量。结果表明:①高聚合度PVC树脂在老化白度、耐热性、增塑剂吸收量、力学性能等方面都优于普通聚合度PVC树脂,且具有更好的耐老化性及更低的脆化温度;②从力学性能、绝缘性能方面考虑,高聚合度PVC树脂更适合生产电线电缆等软制品,但应注意其熔体流动性大幅下降。     

High heat applications for SMA modified PVC: Cost effective engineering performance

SMA polymer modifiers for PVC, of the ELIX 300 type, increase the practical heat resistance of rigid PVC blends to > 100 C, allowing cost effective competition with high heat fire retardant engineering resins. The PVC/SMA blend technology, physical property characteristics, and fire retardant properties are presented. A definition of practical heat resistance and the correlation of practical heat resistance to Vicat heat resistance measurements are given with comparisons to competitive high heat fire retardant plastics. Current commercial application experience in rigid injection molding and profile extrusion is described which has confirmed the cost/performance advantage of PVC/SMA blends. Potential market opportunities for PVC/SMA blends will be presented for discussion.     

聚氯乙烯耐热改性技术进展

综述聚氯乙烯耐热改性方法的技术进展。比较了不同方法对其性能的影响，并介绍了几种耐热改性剂。     

Synthesis of glycidylethylhexylphthalate and its effects on poly(vinyl chloride) films as a novel plasticizer

To improve the processability and prevent the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), various plasticizers and heat stabilizers have to be compounded. Phthalic plasticizers and metal soap stabilizers are usually used with epoxides as costabilizers. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), is one of the most commonly used epoxides because of its typical combined roles as a plasticizer and heat stabilizer in PVC compounds. ESO, however, sometimes causes surface contamination of PVC compounds because saturated fatty acids such as stearic and palmitic acids in soybean oil easily bleed onto the surface. In addition, some ingredients in ESO with hydroxide groups and unreacted double bonds during epoxidization also tend to increase the bleeding of ESO. This is due to their low compatibility with PVC resins. In this study, a novel plasticizer of PVC resins, glycidylethylhexylphthalate (GEHP), was synthesized, and its performance was evaluated. GEHP was designed to act as a plasticizer like normal phthalic plasticizers and to act as a heat stabilizer like ESO. Through the addition of epoxy groups in phthalic compounds, the resistance to bleeding was improved, and the plasticizing and heat‐stabilizing effects on the PVC compounds were preserved. Soft PVC films were prepared with GEHP. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, and bleeding properties of the films were investigated. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1347–1356, 2005