硅酸乙酯-水玻璃复合型壳在精密铸造中的应用

介绍了硅酸乙酯-水玻璃涂料的配制过程及复合型壳工艺。复合型壳工艺用于精铸件的生产,面层、第二层用硅酸乙酯石英粉涂料,从第三层开始采用水玻璃石英粉、铝矾土涂料。结果表明,与原水玻璃型壳相比,硅酸乙酯-水玻璃复合型壳强度好,尤其表面质量好,铸件的表面粗糙度达到Ra3.2左右,在成本增加不大的情况下,能较大幅度的提高铸件的综合性能,表现出了良好的综合效益。该工艺较适合于原来水玻璃型壳旧工艺、旧车间的技术改造。     

钛合金精密铸造用陶瓷模壳研究

对适用于钛合金精密铸造用陶瓷模壳的制备工艺进行了系统的实验分析，表征了以过渡金属氧化物溶胶为粘结剂、稳定氧化锆为耐火材料的料浆的性能并讨论了相关参数的影响，对比研究了级配粉与均匀细粉制作的模壳的表面质量，结果表明，粗／细粉含量等级配参量和粉液比通过影响密度、粘度、滞流率以及涂层厚度等工艺参数而影响模壳的表面质量．在上述分析基础上确定了适用于本实验条件下钛合金精密铸造用陶瓷模壳的制备工艺参数。     

酚醛树脂砂壳型芯真空浇注铝合金件表面粗糙度的研究

开发了一种酚醛树脂砂壳型、芯真空浇注铝合金的工艺,对影响铝合金铸件表面粗糙度的因素,如原砂粒度、浇注温度、真空度、铸件壁厚和涂层厚度等进行了实验研究,认为施涂超细粉涂料是改善铝铸件表面粗糙度的有效措施。     

熔模铸造发泡涂料和多孔性型壳的研究

往精铸加固层涂料中国发泡剂和稳泡剂以制成发泡涂料并用之制成多孔性型壳，在保证型壳显态强度和高温强度的基础上，降低其残留强度，改善溃散性。文中讨论了发泡涂料中气泡分布状态，密度，粘度，屈服值和涂片重等。还讨论了多孔性型壳的湿态，高温和残留强度以及溃散率等。。     

Characterization of zirconia-based slurries with different binders for titanium investment casting

The materials and physical properties of primary slurry are crucial to the surface quality of the finished castings,especially for high reactivity titanium alloys.The aim of this study is to investigat...     

陶瓷型芯精铸气冷涡轮叶片气孔分析

研究了Ｍ１７Ｆ合金无余量精铸空心气冷叶片气孔形成规律。发现型芯上的积碳是形成大面积蜂窝状气孔的主要原因；合金元素Ｔａ提高了熔融合金的化学活性，是形成气孔的合金因素；型芯中锆英石的分解产物无定形ＳｉＯ２，是促成气体反应的工艺因素     

Gypsum bonded investment for micro-structure casting of ZnAl4

The effects of sintering temperature on the surface roughness of gypsum bonded investments were investigated to find the appropriate sintering temperature applied for micro-investment casting.The surface roughness tests were carried out at sintering temperatures ranging from room temperature to 1,000 ℃ for investment compounds mixed from calcium sulphate α-hemihydrate and quartz powder (wt.%, 6:4; 5:5, 4:6, 3:7).In this experiment, each investment compound was prepared by pouring the investment materials into a plastic bottle with the good surface roughness (Ra～0.2 μm).DTA-TG curves were measured using a thermal analyzer to investigate the difference of surface roughness at different temperatures.The results show that the surface roughness of gypsum bonded investment is temperature sensitive.The preheating temperature of the mold should be up to 600 ℃, but not over 700 ℃, and the investment compound with 60 % plaster and 40 % quartz powder is applicable for preparing the micro-structures.The micro-structures with 100 μm diameter were produced in the present studies.The results show that the surface roughness of the casting is only Ra～0.51 μm, slightly rougher than that of the investment mold.     

钛合金熔模精密铸件表面质量提升工艺性研究

研究并优化了钛合金熔模精密铸件工艺,解决了钛合金熔模精密铸件表面质量差的问题。分析了钛合金熔模精密铸件表面缺陷的类型,研究了缺陷产生的机理,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,浆液温度对型壳质量及钛合金熔模精密铸件表面质量具有重要影响。其它工艺参数不变的情况下,浆液温度为20~23℃时能获得表面质量较好的钛合金熔模铸件。     

Effect of particle size variations of gypsum bonded investment powders on metallurgical quality of investment castings

Abstract

In the present work, the effect of particle size distribution parameters of investment powder on the metallurgical characteristics of castings produced by flask mould investment casting process was investigated. The main aim of this study is to establish the relationships between the casting quality and investment powder characteristics. For this purpose, models for tensile, density and surface roughness specimens were prepared in accordance with the standards and these models were moulded by gypsum bonded investment powders. Specimens of sterling silver (92·5Ag–7·5Cu alloy) were subsequently cast into these moulds by centrifugal casting process. After the completion of solidification process, the specimens were tested and results were analysed. The preliminary results illustrate that fineness of investment powders play an important role in determining the metallurgical quality of castings produced by investment casting process.     

用于熔模铸造电泳制壳工艺的导电涂料研究

在熔模铸造生产中,采用电泳制壳工艺能够提高铸件的质量、降低废品率和缩短生产周期,这是一种生产周期短、操作简单、节省材料的工艺方法;这种工艺需要解决蜡模组表面导电问题,传统的金属导电涂料由于价格昂贵,并且影响铸件的化学成分,使其应用受到限制。文中用非金属导电涂料替代金属导电涂料进行了研究,选取硅溶胶作为载体,超细石墨和高结构炭黑,按不同配比制备涂料;并对涂料的涂层厚度和表面电阻进行检测,筛选出适于制壳的配比;经不同钢种的工艺验证,这种涂料可分别适用于各种钢铁铸件的熔模铸造制壳,原料来源广范、价格低廉。     

Evaluation of crucible and investment materials for lost wax investment casting of Ti and NiTi alloys

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the suitability of selected commercial ceramic crucibles for the investment casting of Ti6Al4V and NiTi alloys for jewellery purposes. A commercial vacuum tilt casting machine and a centrifugal casting machine were employed to cast the alloys in cold copper moulds or in refractory investment shells. The form filling of the shell and the crucible and investment reactions were assessed by microstructural investigation, chemical analysis and hardness profiles of the as cast items as a function of shell temperature. The reaction of the alloys strongly depended on the alloy, the crucible material, the coating of the crucibles and the temperature of the ceramic shell. Optimum results were achieved with yttria and yttria coated Al titanate crucibles for Ti6Al4V and NiTi alloys respectively. Improvement of the materials and process costs is necessary to allow the competitive casting of jewellery made from titanium alloys.     

铸型面特性对铸件表面粗糙度的影响

通过对ZL114A熔体在不同特性涂层表面的润湿角和对应铸件表面粗糙度的测量,利用润湿性模型分析了涂层中骨料材料自由能和粒度对铸件表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,涂层表面材料自由能越低,铝合金熔体在涂层表面上润湿性越差,铸件表面粗糙度(Ra)值越低。铝合金熔体与表面自由能低的滑石粉涂层之间的润湿性随滑石粉粒度的逐渐减小呈先减小后增大的趋势,对应铸件试样表面粗糙度呈先减小后增大趋势。滑石粉粒度为43μm时,涂层和铝合金熔体间润湿角达到155°,铸件表面粗糙度(Ra)值为0.5847μm。     

国外钛合金熔模铸造耐火材料的研究

介绍了国外钛和钛合金熔模精密铸造耐火材料的研究发展过程和现状，并对其发展趋势进行了简要的展望。钛合金熔模精铸耐火材料经历了石墨材料、钨面层陶瓷型壳和Y2O3陶瓷型壳3个阶段。     

磷酸盐粘结剂用于陶瓷型艺术铸造

介绍了一种以磷酸盐为粘结剂制作陶瓷型的工艺方法。该陶瓷型用于制作金属工艺品，尺寸精度和表面粗糙度均达到技术要求。与传统的熔模铸造以及硅酸乙酯为粘结剂制作的陶瓷型相比，具有制作工艺简单、适应性强、成本较低的特点。该陶瓷型还可用于某些熔模铸件的生产。     

大型铸钢件用醇基锆英粉涂料的研制与应用

介绍了大型铸钢件用醇基锆英粉涂料的组成、生产工艺路线及其工艺性能特征,研究了醇基铸造涂料的选材、生产工艺等对涂料性能的影响。该涂料抗粘砂能力强,悬浮性、刷涂性、流平性优异,一次刷涂所得涂层厚度高,适用于各种铸钢件尤其是大型铸钢件的生产,可有效地防止粘砂等缺陷,获得表面质量优良的铸件。     

磷酸盐自硬芯料用于熔模型壳填充的研究

研究了用JX和JXR系列浇注成形磷酸盐自硬芯料填充型壳狭窄空腔的工艺。进行了浆料流动性和悬浮稳定性、填充料焙烧后强度、高温稳定性及残余强度测试;对比了JX-2、JXR-2芯料和针对填充用途优化的JXR-3芯料性能。结果表明,在满足浆料高流动性条件下,JXR-3的性能优于JX-2和JXR-2,具有足够的工作时间和悬浮稳定性、较高的焙烧后强度和高温稳定性。对比研究了水、硅溶胶和磷酸溶液3种浆料混合液体,结果表明,硅溶胶的效果最优。铸件浇注试验表明,JXR-3浆料能够方便地用于型壳狭窄空腔填充,成功地避免了铸件内腔的夹铁和鼓胀缺陷。     

Interface and Wear Resistance of SiC Ceramic Column Grid Array Reinforced High-Chromium Cast Iron Composite Pretreated with TiH2

利用TiH2粉末膏剂涂覆和在真空下1000或1400℃保温20 min的预处理工艺对反应烧结SiC陶瓷柱进行了表面预处理,再将预处理好的SiC陶瓷柱固定在石墨板上,随后采用金属浇铸工艺制备了一种具有高度陶瓷增强体宏观均匀性、可靠性和可设计性的SiC陶瓷柱阵列增强高铬铸铁复合材料。陶瓷涂层和复合材料界面分析表明:1400℃为较优的SiC表面预处理温度,预处理后SiC表面形成一层可靠的金属性复合层。该复合层在高温浇注过程中不会被溶解,可有效抑制高铬铸铁与SiC陶瓷的界面反应,从而形成无脱层、优良的复合材料陶瓷/金属磨损界面。与该复合材料的金属基体相比,由于SiC陶瓷柱的有效添加,经表面处理后不同陶瓷含量的SiC/高铬铸铁复合材料的耐磨性能均显著提高。     

用于铸造金属功能件的快速原型模样的特点分析

介绍几种快速成型系统，并对用于铸造金属功能件的几种快速原型模样进行归纳，总结，针对熔模铸造和陶瓷型铸造对成型模样的特定要求，考察一次性模样使用的几种原型模样的精度、表面粗糙度、热膨胀率、残余灰分等工艺参数，对实际铸造的影响。     

Effect of thermophysical property and coating thickness on microstructure and characteristics of a casting

A new improved investment casting technology(IC) has been presented and compared with the existing IC technology such as lost foam casting(LFC). The effect of thermophysical property and coating thickness on casting solidification temperature field, microstructure and hardness has been investigated. The results show that the solidification rate decreases inversely with the coating thickness when the coating contains silica sol, zircon powder, mullite powder and defoaming agent. In contrast, the solid cooling rate increases as the coating thickness increases. However, the solidification rate and solid cooling rate of the casting produced by the existing IC and the improved IC are very similar when the coating thickness is 5 mm, so the microstructure and hardness of a container corner fitting produced by the improved IC and the existing IC are similar. The linear regression equation for the grain size(d) and cooling rate(v) of the castings is d= –0.41v+206.1. The linear regression equation for the content of pearlite(w) and solid cooling rate(t) is w=1.79 t + 6.71. The new improved IC can greatly simplify the process and decrease the cost of production compared with the existing IC. Contrasting with LFC, container corner fittings produced by the new improved IC have fewer defects and better properties. It was also found that the desired microstructure and properties can be obtained by changing the thermophysical property and thickness of the coating.     

精铸水玻璃型壳硬化的几个问题

讨论精铸水玻璃型壳硬化工艺的几个问题，包括型壳中Ｎａ２Ｏ含量、型壳表面质量、湿强度、高温力学性能和残留强度等