基于U＿net网络的单幅全息图重建方法研究

全息重建方法是全息成像技术和全息术的一个核心部分。本文提出了一种基于U_net网络的单幅全息图重建方法。首先使用基于马赫-增德尔干涉仪的光路结构全息实验成像系统记录全息图,将得到的全息图作为训练集,然后采用训练集对U_net网络进行训练,在经过训练后得到全息图的数学模型,用该数学模型便可以对全息图进行重建。仿真和实验结果表明,基于U_net网络的单幅全息图重建方法计算速度更快还只需要更少的测量数据,并且仅使用单幅全息图就可以重建图像,且重建图像没有直流项和孪生项的干扰。     

Code Division Multiplexing Inspired Dynamic Metasurface Holography

Metasurface holography is attracting increasing attention owing to its numerous advantages over conventional holography techniques, such as precise control of phase profiles, compact sizes, and multiple information channels via a single optical element. Metasurfaces provide a flexible platform for incorporating various multiplexing techniques. Inspired by code division multiplexing (CDM), which is widely employed in networking and wireless digital communications, metasurface holography for generating dynamic holographic images controlled by both the patterned beam profiles and polarization states is designed and realized in this study. Specifically, two orthogonal polarization states and 16 code bases of light illumination are combined to generate 32 independent channels. Only the correct code reference can decode the target image for a specific channel, providing encryption for information transportation. Meanwhile, the demonstrated metasurface holography with CDM can realize active modulation via a digital micromirror device. The proposed metasurface can be utilized to achieve dynamic information display, data storage, optical encryption, and other applications in optics.     

Microwave holographic interferometry

Microwave holography is an extension of the optical holography to the microwave field. In fact, by using a well-known characteristic of the holographic process, it is possible to record the hologram at frequencies very far from the optical region (microwave) and to reconstruct a visible image by laser light. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and the technique used for obtaining a satisfactory optical wave reconstruction from microwave holograms. The resolving power of the system which was experimentally tested, and visible images of microwave transparencies and of a back scattering object are given. As an alternative application of the microwave holography together with the optical wave reconstruction, in this paper, extension of holographic interferometry to the microwave region is suggested, and the visible image of a deformed object crossed by fringes due to microwave interference is also shown. This technique can find applications, for instance, in the mapping of the earth's deformations or in that of the tides. Different aspects of the microwave holographic interferometry have been also discussed.     

离轴全息摄影在雾化粒子场研究中的应用

用双脉冲红宝石激光全息摄影仪以离轴全息摄影法应用于水雾化粒子场可成功地获得其全息图。再现离轴全息图可清楚地看到粒子场的三维图象。本文介绍了离轴全息摄影的方法,分析了全息摄影的透射式离轴光学系统,同时也介绍了粒子场全息图的数据处理。     

液晶空间光调制器相移特性研究

根据计算全息原理和傅立叶变换的位移原理,将液晶显示器作为光学显示元件,通过适当改变显示在液晶显示器上的计算全息图的编码,对液晶空间光调制器进行相移特性系统研究。实验测量表明液晶空间光调制器相移系统具有很高的精确性、可重复性和稳定性,并验证相移系统在同轴数字全息中使用的可行性。     

Research on the Shrinking of 2—components Adhesive with Automatically Calculating Hologram

In this paper ,used BSO(Bi12SiO20) crystal as a hologram recording material,TV-camera as a detector ,and a holographic setup controlled by a computer ,automatically calculating hologram of 3- interferograms method is theoretically and experimentally studied. This new holographic recording material and automatically calculating hologram make it possible to use real-time holography in an industry. As a practical example, the shrinking of 2-components adhesive in 4h is measured.     

同时再现的360^0多重全息图的研制

根据旋转光楔多重全息术理论，提出一种新的能同时再现物体的３６０＾０多重全息图制作技术。该技术是采用同步放置光楔和被摄物体的方法，将物体的３６０＾０全息图像记录在同一干板上，用通常的再现方法即可同时看到物体的３６０＾０全息图像。     

Holographic antennas

The extension of holography to the microwave field, for the solution of problems such as antenna synthesis and construction of visible images of microwave illuminated objects, seems to be promising. In preliminary tests, the possibility of designing an antenna having any mean surface, any feeder, and any given radiation pattern by means of holographic technique, is shown. One of the practical problems which is encountered in microwave holography is the construction of the hologram, which requires the antenna to be synthesized. For this purpose, a series of holograms have been constructed and tested based on different approximations of the interference pattern. Another problem encountered is the presence of unwanted orders. Some preliminary tests on phase holograms show that this difficulty can be overcome simply by suitably varying the thickness of the hologram.     

高分辨率多视点动态全息3D显示

提出了一种高分辨率多视点动态全息3D显示方法,观看视点位置变化时,观看者能够看到连续变化的3D效果。在进行全息图计算时,首先根据针孔阵列投影模型,渲染3D动画中每一帧3D模型的光场图像序列;然后从已渲染的多组光场图像序列中抽取对应视角信息的光场图像进行融合,得到融合后的动态光场图像序列;在进行全息图编码时,以动态光场图像序列中的一帧图像作为物光振幅,以来自于针孔的发散球面波的相位作为物光相位,引入平面参考光进行编码,得到一个单元全息图。由于每个单元全息图的计算是相互独立的,因此在计算过程中使用并行加速计算,实现了尺寸为32 mm×32 mm、分辨率为100000 pixel×100000 pixel的高分辨率全息图,其光场图像融合和全息编码的时间仅需27 min。光学再现结果证明了该方法的可行性。所提出的高分辨率多视点动态全息3D显示方法在全息包装和3D广告等领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

全息校正望远镜主镜像差的实验研究

在全息技术校正望远镜主镜像差原理的基础上,采用平行光记录和平行光再现的方法,建立了口径200mm．玻璃基底球面反射镩像差校正的实验装置,进行全息校正实验研究。通过测量像差校正前反射镜面形误差、记录接正厉再现参考光束：与厦叁壹粪枣干涉图、比较像差校正前后光学系统焦点尺寸大小以及分辨率板成像结果,实验验证了全息技术校正望远...     

Multifunctional Dielectric Metasurfaces Consisting of Color Holograms Encoded into Color Printed Images

A hologram records the wavefront of light from an object, but it is usually not an image itself, and looks unintelligible under diffuse ambient light. Here a new paradigm to encode a color hologram onto a color printed image is experimentally demonstrated. The printed image can be directly viewed under white light illumination, while a low‐crosstalk color holographic image can be seen when the device is illuminated with red (R), green (G), and blue (B) laser beams. The device is a dielectric metasurface that consists of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) cones on a glass substrate. The dimensions of the TiO₂ cones are chosen to allow them to support visible‐wavelength resonances, thereby producing the desired reflection spectra and thus the color printed image. The detour phase method is furthermore used to encode the hologram into the metasurface. The approach is conceptually different from previously demonstrated color printed images or holograms and presents opportunities for optical document security and data storage applications.     

用于智能显示的相位型计算全息图的设计

介绍了一种基于相息图原理的用于智能显示的纯相位型计算全息图的设计方法,并在此基础上,以雪花图形和分划板图形为例,完成了全息元件实验样件的制作及全息再现实验,这种实时再现的图像可以用于智能显示。在已知记录介质折射率的情况下,通过控制纯相位型计算全息图记录介质表面微结构的宽度和高度来调制光波,得到所需图像。采用逐步迭代的傅里叶变换算法来获取纯相位型计算全息图的相位结构,为了降低相位型计算全息图的制作难度,提出量化数学模型,并对所设计的相位结构进行量化处理,给出了纯相位型计算全息图的4台阶浮雕型相位结构。全息元件的尺寸设定为6mm×6mm,工作波长为650nm,衍射结构的最小特征尺寸为8μm。理论计算和模拟再现像的结果表明,在未考虑加工误差的条件下,所提供的这种用于智能显示的纯相位型计算全息图的设计方法是可行的。此方法可推广用于其它任意特定图案的纯相位型计算全息图的设计,也可用于设计具有光束整形功能的衍射光学元件,如离轴照明的光束的整形匀光器件等。用于智能显示时,用平行光照射制作的实验样件,只得到的单一的衍射图像,不存在其他衍射级次的图像,在考虑采用台阶量化结构和存在加工误差的情况下,衍射效率仍然很高。若改变设计的全息图相位的正负,并用平行光以特定的角度照射制作此相位型计算全息图,可用于全息瞄准。     

基于计算全息的全视差合成全息研究

文中进行了一种新型三维全息图的制作方法研究,该方法基于计算全息原理,与合成全息相结合,实现激光三维全息图的直写打印制作。首先进行了菲涅耳计算全息图的实验,表明计算全息与合成全息结合的可行性与合理性。然后根据合成全息原理与计算全息原理对三维模型进行采样和图像变换处理,再计算出相应的菲涅耳计算全息图,借助数字全息激光打印系统完成三维全息图的拍摄,在激光下进行光学再现,最后对再现结果进行了分析与讨论。     

激光全息三维图像信息处理和传输

传统的全息摄影技术本质上是一种模拟的非实时性的繁琐的纯光学技术,近年来兴起的数字信息处理技术及其有关器件设备(计算机、数码摄像机、CCD器件、新型液晶显示屏、空间光调制器、因特网等)和自动化控制技术不断冲击传统的全息摄影技术,一些全息公司(如美国斑马图像公司等)推出了数字激光全息图像处理技术,使它有了新的发展。本将对此作一个概略的介绍。     

显示全息再现像的视角与视角通道

视角与视角通道是全息摄影非常重要的概念,但它一直未受到应有的重视和深入全面的研究.作者首先给出了它们的定义,指出只要灵活应用视角通道就可以拍摄出许多光怪陆离的全息图片,诸如双通道、左右通道、颜色通道、合成全息等等.此外,利用它还可对于全息学中的某些基本现象做出解释(如细光束成像的问题).     

Multifocus Holographic 3-D Image Fusion Using Independent Component Analysis

We present multifocus holographic 3-D image fusion based on independent component analysis (ICA). In this paper, the ICA technique is used to fuse multiple reconstructed holographic images at different distances from the image sensor. A hologram of two dice located at distances of 315 and 345 mm, respectively, from the sensor is recorded using phase-shifting digital holography and used in our experiments. The resulting reconstructed fused holographic image shows both dice objects clearly in focus. This is compared with a single reconstructed holographic image in which only one of the die objects is in focus at a particular reconstruction distance.     

显示全息再现像的视角与视角通道

视角与视角通道是全息摄影非常重要的概念,但它一直未受到应有的重视和深入全面的研究.作者首先给出了它们的定义,指出只要灵活应用视角通道就可以拍摄出许多光怪陆离的全息图片,诸如双通道、左右通道、颜色通道、合成全息等等.此外,利用它还可对于全息学中的某些基本现象做出解释(如细光束成像的问题).     

全色铬酸盐明胶全息记录新材料

通过在明胶层中引入新型多色光敏剂及光化学增感助剂,成功研制出了三基色感光度达30 mJ/cm2、衍射效率大于85%和分辨率大于5 000 lines/mm的全色铬酸盐明胶全息记录新材料.对其配方构成、光谱响应曲线、三基色感光灵敏度、反射体全息光栅的光谱选择性、透射体全息光栅的角度及波长选择性等特性进行了报道,对其在真彩色全息显示、角度复用波长复用全息存储等的初步应用结果作了简要的介绍.     

Space-time processing with photorefractive volume holography

Photorefractive volume holography for processing ultrashort optical pulses carrying spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal optical information is introduced. These new holographic methods can process temporal information, i.e., the temporal evolution of optical pulse signals, in addition to the usual spatial information. Photorefractive volume holographic materials provide the medium necessary for recording and reconstruction of such optical information in real time. Spatial and temporal holography with photorefractive volume holographic materials are introduced, compared, and discussed. The direct time-domain holography is shown to possess two disadvantages, low fringe contrast and limited recording time, which is overcome by using the method of spectral domain holography. Applications of direct time-domain and spectral-domain holography for image processing, temporal matched filtering, optical pulse shaping, three-dimensional (3-D) optical storage, and optical interconnects are discussed. Furthermore, the combined space-time holographic processing that allows the conversion between the spatial and the temporal optical information carrying channels is introduced. This method is used to demonstrate experimentally parallel-to-serial and serial-to-parallel data conversion for one-dimensional (1-D) images and image-format data transmission. The demonstrated holographic processors provide the advantages of self-referenced signal transmission and self-compensation for optical dispersion induced by the holographic materials, communication channel, as well as other optical components     

利用激光全息干涉法测量微小机械变形方向

提出用可分离双参考光两次曝光全息测量物体变形方向的方法。设计的光路系统用两个平面反射镜将一束扩展激光束分成两束参考光和一束物光,籍此记录物体变形下的可分离双参考光两次曝光全息图。该全息图再现的两个像的图层可以被分离,再现的全息干涉图上的条纹可通过改变曝光次序和微位移再现参考光虚点光源的位置而移动。物体变形方向、干涉条纹移动方向和反射镜位移方向以及曝光次序之间有确定的关系。该干涉图含有物体变形方向和位移数值两种信息。从理论上重点分析了物体变形方向信息所遵循的基本规律,并由此得出了测量物体变形方向的方法。最后给出了实验结果。实验表明提出的方法和理论是正确的,物体变形方向的检测正确率可达100%。