共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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在建筑物中使用相变材料储能可以降低室内温度波动,为居住者提供更好的室内热舒适度。本文分析相变材料的相变机理,介绍用于墙体的相变材料的种类及技术方法。 相似文献
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建筑节能是近年来世界建筑发展的一个基本趋势。相变材料是一种高效的贮热物质,相变储热技术是利用低品位能源.实现建筑节能的重要途径。 相似文献
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综述相变材料分类(有机、无机、复合相变材料)及其优缺点。无机相变材料存在过冷及相分离现象,通过添加成核剂及增稠剂来消除;有机相变材料固体成型好、无毒,但热导率低;复合相变材料主要包括有机-有机、有机-无机、无机-无机复合相变材料,其融合了有机、无机相变材料的优点,成为当前应用较多的相变材料,未来可将研发重点放在制备热性能更稳定、储热密度更高、相变潜热更大且无过冷及相分离的复合相变材料,逐渐替代单一有机、无机相变材料。为了提高有机相变材料的热导率,通过添加高热导率纳米颗粒、膨胀石墨、金属泡沫、膨胀珍珠岩以及通过封装相变材料等方式来提高相变材料热导率,增加储热速率,结果表明,添加高热导率材料,可提高相变材料热导率,且热稳定性及热可靠性也较好,未来可重点研发分散性及相容性较好的特制高分子材料,替代传统高热导率材料,通过添加一种材料就可达到多种提升效果。 相似文献
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Dr George A. Lane 《国际自然能源杂志》2013,34(3):155-168
A group of promising phase change heat-storage materials was selected through study of the literature, laboratory tests of freeze—melt behaviour and determination of thermophysical properties. Means were developed of encapsulating these materials in metal or plastic containers. Four of these phase-change materials, suitably encapsulated, were tested in a sub-kale thermal storage unit of about 20MJ capacity, using air as the heat-transfer fluid. In most cases, measured thermal-storage capacity exceeded 90% of the theoretical value. After considering a number of heating and cooling schemes employing phase-change heat storage, we selected a forced hot air, central storage design, using CaCl2.6H2O encapsulated in plastic pipes. A home was designed, using a two-storey conservatory for solar collection with vertical glazing and movable insulation. 相似文献
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长期以来,北方地区采暖以燃煤为主.对城市环境造成了较大的污染。而太阳能作为一种清洁的可再生能源.分布范围广,取之不尽,用之不竭。 相似文献
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首先总结了近几年建筑节能中相变蓄能技术的研究进展,然后对相变蓄能建筑材料的制备技术和研究方法等进行了概述,并对相变蓄能建筑材料在多功能墙体或地板、智能控温建筑物或混凝土工程及太阳能建筑等方面的应用前景进行了展望,以促进相变蓄能建筑材料的发展。 相似文献
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This paper describes the numeric model developed to simulate heat transfer in phase change materials (PCM) plunged in water tank storage. This model, based on the enthalpy approach, takes into account the conduction and the convection into PCM as well as at the interface between PCM and water of the storage. Furthermore, hysterisis and subcooling are also included. This model has been implemented in an existing TRNSYS type of water tank storage. It allows the simulation of a water storage tank filled with PCM modules made of different materials and different shapes such as cylinders, plates or spheres bed. Comparisons between measurements and simulations has been undertake to evaluate the potential of this model. 相似文献
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针对太阳能通风井道蓄热单元的技术需求,制备了复合相变蓄热材料,并将其应用于通风井壁,建立了基于复合相变蓄热材料的太阳能通风井测试系统,并测试了其运行性能。结果表明:添加5%碳纳米管制备的复合相变材料,其导热系数为0.65 W/m·K,是添加前的2.03倍,相变潜热为107J/g,是添加前的0.718倍。应用上述材料的太阳能通风井测试系统在10:00—21:00时段通风量为55.0~103.9m~3/h,其中在17:00风速和风量达到最大,为良好的自然通风提供了保障。 相似文献
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Phase change materials (PCM) can be applied in building envelops to conserve heat energy. Wallboards incorporated with PCM can automatically absorb indoor redundant heat, which can greatly reduce the load of HVAC systems and save electric energy. In experiments, a PCM wallboard room was constructed by attaching PCM wallboards, developed by incorporating about 26% PCM by weight into gypsum wallboards, to the surface of an ordinary wall. The transition temperature and latent heat of these PCM wallboards were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The room testing was conducted to determine the latent heat storage of PCM wallboards. Through experiments, it could be proved that DSC can effectively predict the performance of a full-scale installation of PCM wallboards. Compared with an ordinary room, it was found that the PCM wallboard room could greatly reduce the energy cost of HVAC systems and transfer electric power peak load to valley. 相似文献
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相变建筑节能材料的应用研究与思考 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
相变材料具有储能密度大、效率高以及近似恒定温度下吸热与放热等优点,可与传统建材,如水泥、石膏复合成具有储热和温度控制功能的建筑围护结构材料。将该材料用于墙体、天花板和地板,可提高建筑物热容量,充分利用太阳能和夜间低价电能,从而提高建筑节能及室内舒适度。在阅读大量文献的基础上.本文综述了目前国内外相变节能材料的研究进展,分析了相变材料用于建筑上的可行性及今后发展方向。 相似文献