螺旋隔板三维翅片管传热实验研究与数值模拟

文章对冷却水在换热器管程流动并与壳程的热油逆流换热条件下,对螺旋隔板三维翅片管换热器的传热与压降性能进行了实验研究,并与光滑管进行了对比。在相同壳程Reynolds数下,三维翅片管的壳程Nusselt数是光滑管的2.2—2.9倍,而压降是光滑管的2.3倍左右。采用计算流体力学软件F luent 6.0对螺旋隔板三维翅片管和光滑管换热器进行了数值模拟。结果表明,螺旋流条件下光滑管表面速度矢量均匀、稳定,而三维翅片表面的速度矢量因翅片激发流体而产生湍动和不规则的二次流,从而强化了流体的对流传热。对于螺旋隔板三维翅片管换热器,壳程Nusselt数和压降的数值模拟结果与实验计算值吻合良好,最大偏差分别为6.3%和9.8%。     

纵向内翅片管对流换热特性的实验研究及数值模拟

传热强化技术由于能使换热设备的效率提高,一直受到科技界和工业界的重视．一般认为翅片在强化传热中的作用主要是增加了热阻较大一侧流体的面积,从而减小了以总面积计算的热阻．在管外侧加翅片是强化管外换热的最普遍方式之一．相对而言,利用内翅片管强化换热的研究工作开展得比较少．本文对一种新型内翅片管的传热特性进行了实验研究,并通过数值仿真与实验数据进行了比较和分析．     

波纹内翅片管的管内对流换热特性研究

通过实验研究了波纹形内翅片换热管的对流换热和阻力特性,拟合了所测Re范围内对流换热和阻力实验关联式,并运用相同质量流量、相同泵功率、相同阻力降这三种准则比较了该翅片管与普通光管之间的传热效果。结果表明,这种波纹形内翅片管有较强的换热效果,特别是在低Re条件下,强化效果更加明显。     

新型纵向流一体式翅片管换热性能数值模拟

为达到提高壳侧传热系数的同时又具有较低的压力损失的目的,提出了新型纵向流一体式翅片管。针对翅片与管壁夹角的变化影响传热效率的问题,根据有无翅片、翅片夹角的不同、翅片种类的不同,利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件建立了7种周期性单元流道,并对壳侧流场和传热场进行了三维数值模拟,分析了不同流速的介质在流道中的扰动、压降及温度变化。模拟结果表明,在所有的翅片管中翅片夹角为105°翅片管的换热系数最高,翅片夹角为105°翅片管换热系数约为光管的1.4—1.6倍,压降仅为横向掠过的圆形翅片管的0.018—0.15倍。翅片夹角为105°时,翅片管综合性能较优,对烟气换热器应用提出了数值保障。     

螺旋内翅片管内充分发挥流体流动与传热的数值分析

采用常规κ－θε模型对一种新型螺旋翅形裂解炉管内充分发展的流体流动与传热进行了数值分析。采用变量置换法反控制方程由原来的三维问题转化为计算平面内的二维问题,并采用ＳＩＭＰＬＥＣ方法计算考察了周向恒壁温、轴向恒热流的螺旋内翅片管内充分发展条件下的流体流动与传热问题,得到了与实验值相近的结果。进一上用所述的方法对相同横截面的直翅和螺旋翅片管内的流场和温度场进行了数值模拟研究,它揭示了螺旋翅片管相对于直     

翅片管式换热器传热与流场流动特性的数值模拟

在对大型翅片管式换热器结构合理简化的基础上,应用CFD和数值传热学方法,建立了翅片管式换热器内部流动与传热的数学模型,得到了其内部流场和温度场的分布规律。并将数值模拟结果与现场应用数据比对分析,结果表明,研究方法可行,能为换热器的设计和改进提供参考和借鉴。     

翅片管换热器内部空气流场的数值模拟与实验研究

空气侧换热是制约翅片管换热器发展的一个主要因素,而风机-换热器单元的内部空气流场分布对空气侧的换热影响显著。本文用数值模拟和实验两种手段对一种U型翅片管内部空间的空气流场进行了研究。通过商用软件对该空间进行了三维数值模拟,研究结果给出了整场流速的详细分布。用干冰作为材料,对该空间进行了可视化发烟实验。在不同高度的速度分布上,数值模拟与实验结果吻合较好。结果显示正对风机的速度最大,换热最好。本研究为翅片管的优化提供了数据,为本领域的研究者提供了一个新的思路。     

双金属复合翅片管三维流动与传热数值模拟

以双金属复合翅片管为研究对象,采用计算流体力学的分析方法,建立了合理简化的数学模型,利用大型商业应用CFD软件FLUENT6.1.22,根据周期性流动的特点模拟了一个周期的翅片管及管外流体的流动和传热特性,得到了温度场、压力场、速度矢量等直观信息,并对结果进行了讨论,为强化换热管的开发研究和结构优化提供了理论依据.     

空冷凝汽器翅片管流态化清洗的数值模拟

对空冷凝汽器翅片管进行了液固两相流流态化除垢清洗的数值模拟。研究了流体流速、固相粒径、固相体积分数对清洗效果的影响。结果表明:流体的湍流强度壁面的剪切应力均随流速、固相粒径、固相体积分数的增加而增大;考虑节水节能和清洗效果,蛇形翅片管最佳入口流速为14m/s,固相粒径为0.3mm,体积分数为8%。     

空气在立管外螺旋流动数值模拟及实验研究

立式螺旋隔板换热器是占地面积小、高效节能的换热装置,研究空气在立管外螺旋流动的传热和流阻性能可为设计螺旋隔板换热器的提供依据,经实验证明空气在立管外螺旋流动的对流换热系数是空气横掠单管的2-3倍。利用模拟软件PHOENICS对立管外空气流动进行数值模拟,将其与实验结果进行分析比较,误差低于10%,证明是实验方法的有力补充并对此进行机理分析,可为螺旋隔板换热器提供设计参考。     

利用膜式管及螺旋翅片管对ASH蒸汽过热器的优化改造

针对某水泥公司2?500 t/d熟料生产线配套的余热电站窑头ASH蒸汽过热器烟气侧积灰严重,导致主蒸汽温度远低于设计值,发电系统热效率下降的问题,通过分析根本原因,提出了利用膜式管及螺旋翅片管对ASH蒸汽过热器进行改造。技改实施后,达到了改造预期目的,可为同类型ASH蒸汽过热器改造提供借鉴。     

扭曲管传热性能数值模拟与实验研究

为了研究扭曲管强化传热性能,通过建立模型数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法对扭曲管及具有相同截面形状的普通椭圆管的传热性能进行了对比分析。研究了扭曲管和椭圆管管内流体努塞尔数Nu,压力降Δp和管内综合性能评价因子η随雷诺数Re的变化情况,在Re为800—2 000时,扭曲管管内Nu是普通椭圆管的2—3倍,综合传热性能是椭圆管的1.5—2倍。得出了扭曲管可以很好地加剧管内流体湍流、强化管内传热,特别适用于管内流体在低雷诺数范围内的传热,是一种十分高效的强化传热管。     

Analysis and experimental study of gas penetration in a gas-assisted injection-molded spiral tube

Characteristics of gas penetration and polymer melt flow in gas-assisted injection molded spiral tubes was investigated by simulations and experiments. Distribution of the skin melt thickness along the gas flow direction was measured, and gas penetration in the primary and secondary stages was identified. An algorithm based on the control-volume/tiniteelement method combined with a particle-tracing scheme using a dual-filling-parameter technique is utilized to predict the advancements of both melt front and gas from during the molding process. The simulated distribution of gas penetration shows reasonably good coincidence with experimental observations. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

振荡流通过内插螺旋翅片管传热特性的数值模拟

振荡折流换热器广泛应用在包含传热传质过程的化工过程中,本文对管内插入螺旋翅片的振荡折流换热器进行了三维非稳态数值模拟,模拟在斯特劳哈尔数St=2,4,8和振荡雷诺数Reo=20,40,80范围内进行。通过作出瞬时三维流线,以观察流动状态随时间变化规律,发现其中有纵向涡和横向涡的周期性形成和脱落;得到了圆管周向局部传热系数随时间变化规律,以及不同振荡参数（St和Reo）下周向平均传热系数随时间的变化规律。结果表明：局部传热系数沿周向不均匀分布,并在翅片斜对面达最大;周向平均传热系数随时间周期性变化,时间平均传热系数随振幅增大而增大,但受频率影响却不明显;在本文讨论的参数范围内,平均传热系数最大可达圆管层流的4倍。     

Comparative study of internal batch mixer such as cam, banbury and roller: Numerical simulation and experimental verification

The mixing in non-intermeshing counter rotating internal batch mixers using cam, banbury and roller rotor were evaluated experimentally using thermo scientific Haake and numerical FEM simulation using the commercial CFD package Polyflow. The Carreau–Yasuda flow model was used with mesh superposition technique to generate velocity profiles and particle trajectories for HDPE. Differences in velocity profile with respect to rotor angles were examined. Distributive mixing was evaluated experimentally, as well as numerically by particle tracking analysis. Flow stretching was evaluated using the length of stretch and mixing efficiency. Since material points stayed on their streamlines near to rotor wall in the cam and banbury mixer, roller mixer was found to be generally more effective and efficient, although there were still areas of poor mixing found in all.     

圆管平板-波纹翅片管换热器空气侧流动换热特性的数值模拟

应用软件Fluent对冷凝器常用的平片和波纹翅片管换热器空气侧流动与换热过程进行三维数值模拟.采用求解压力耦合方程组的半隐式方法(SIMPLE)进行迭代计算求解,对平板翅片,均匀波纹翅片和前平板-后波纹翅片三种模型,对进口流速在0.5-5m/s(雷诺数范围140.5～1405)时分别进行了计算,获得所需截面上的场分布图,给出了换热量、压降、单位压降换热量和单位泵功换热量随空气流速变化关系曲线以及拟合努塞尔数、阻力系数和雷诺数之间的对数关系曲线.根据各参数等值线分布图,拟合曲线图,对三种翅片进行对比分析,得到各翅片的流动和换热规律.总之,波纹翅片的传热性能远高于平板翅片,但相应的阻力损失也较大;均匀波纹翅片努塞尔数最大,换热效果最好.     

Numerical simulation and experimental study of emulsification in a narrow-gap homogenizer

The present experimental and theoretical study investigates the fragmentation of the oil phase in an emulsion on its passage through a high-pressure, axial-flow homogenizer. The considered homogenizer contains narrow annular gap(s), whereupon the initially coarse oil drops break into fine droplets. The experiments were carried out using either a facility with one or two successive gaps, varying the flow rate and the material properties of the dispersed phase. The measured drop size distributions in the final emulsion clearly illustrated that the flow rate, as well as the dispersed-phase viscosity, and the interfacial tension can significantly affect the drop size after emulsification. The larger mean and maximum drop diameters obtained for the homogenizer with one gap in comparison to those obtained with two gaps (at the same Reynolds number and material parameters of the emulsion phases), highlighted the strong relevance of the flow geometry to the emulsification process. The numerical simulation of the carrier phase flow fields evolving in the investigated homogenizer was proven to be a very reliable method for providing appropriate input to theoretical models for the maximum drop size. The predictions of the applied droplet breakup model using input values from the numerical simulations showed very good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, the effect of the flow geometry—one-gap versus two-gaps design—was captured very well. This effect associated with the geometry is missed completely when using instead the frequently adopted concept of estimating input values from very gross correlations. It was shown that applying such a mainly bulk flow dependent estimate correlation makes the drop size predictions insensitive to the observed difference between the one-gap and the two-gaps cases. This obvious deficit, as well the higher accuracy, strongly favors the present method relying on the numerical simulation of the carrier phase flow.     

翅片螺距对折齿型螺旋翅片管束性能的影响

为了提高平齿型翅片管的强化传热效果,通过改变其锯齿的扭转方向和偏折角度得到了折齿型螺旋翅片管。利用数值模拟和模化试验相结合的方法对基管外径分别为38 mm和51 mm的折齿型螺旋翅片管束进行研究,得到了翅片螺距对折齿型螺旋翅片管束的换热与阻力性能的影响规律和最优翅片螺距。结果表明:翅片螺距P_f在3.63~8.47 mm范围内,空气侧Nusselt数Nu随P_f增大呈先递增后递减的趋势;当P_f大于6.35 mm时,翅片螺距增大对Nu的影响相对已不明显;空气侧Euler数Eu随P_f增大而减小。对于基管外径分别为38 mm和51 mm的折齿型螺旋翅片管束,P_f为6.35 mm时其性能指标Nu·f ^-1/3均最大,因此P_f=6.35 mm是最优翅片螺距。     

螺旋管内油水分离数值模拟

螺旋管具有结构简单等优点,在石油天然气领域获得了广泛的应用.因实验研究在对螺旋管的研究方面存在一定的缺陷,使数值研究方法开始应用于螺旋管的研究.利用CFD方法采用VOF模型对螺旋管内固定进口速度油水二相流进行数值模拟,得出螺旋管内流场特征:①靠近入口端水相分布较大,沿重力方向分布变化不大,峰值前后出现了油水再混合现象;...     

Numerical simulation and experimental study of fluid-particle flows in a spouted bed

In this work, the Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase model is used in the computational simulation of fluid dynamics of spouted beds with two different geometries: conical-cylindrical and conical. For the conical-cylindrical spouted bed, the simulated results of radial velocities of particles with a 1.41 mm diameter along bed heights in the range of 0.022 to 0.318 m are compared with experimental values obtained by He et al. [Y.L. He, C.J. Lim, J.R. Grace and, J.X. Zhu, Measurements of Voidage Profiles in Spouted Beds, Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 72 (1994), 229-234], and show a good agreement. The influence of static bed height on the characteristic curve is assessed through simulations using different airflow rates. The respective minimum spouting velocities are compared with experimental values and with values obtained through empirical correlations reported in the literature. The results of the CFD simulations show a deviation of 3.8% when compared with the experimental data, which is less than the aforementioned correlations. The stages of transition from the condition of static bed to spouting bed are presented through the simulation of solids volume fraction distribution and the radial profile of voidage in the spouting region. The characteristic curve and minimum spouting conditions for a simulated conical bed, with glass particles of 6 mm diameter are compared with the experimental results showing deviations of 12.1% for the pressure drop and 5.6% for the minimum spouting velocity.