抗菌白炭黑的制备及抗菌效果

采用溶胶 -凝胶法制备得到了一种新型无机抗菌剂 -抗菌白炭黑 ,并分别对含Ag 、Cu2 和Zn2 等金属离子的三种抗菌白炭黑的制备条件及抗菌效果进行了研究。实验结果显示 ,制备的最佳条件是金属离子浓度为 0 0 5mol/L ,反应时间为 1～ 1 5h ,反应温度为 90℃ ;该类抗菌白炭黑的抗菌性能良好 ,抗菌效果是银型 >铜型 >锌型。     

Preparation and antibacterial activity of nanorod-amino acid polyoxometalates

Three nanorod-amino acid phosphomolybdates (nanorod-AA-PMo₁₂) (HGly)₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀]·(Gly)₉ (nanorod-Gly-PMo₁₂, 1), (HLys)₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀]·(Lys)₄·9H₂O (nanorod-Lys-PMo₁₂, 2) and (HHis)₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀]·(His)₃·H₂O (nanorod-His-PMo₁₂, 3), were prepared by the solvent-thermo technique, using reverse micelles as a template, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Antibacterial experiments of the nanorod-AA-PMo₁₂ against Escherichia coli indicated remarkable activity. The {nanorod-Gly-PMo₁₂/PEI}_n films were also prepared (PEI = polyethyleneimine) and their antibacterial activity was studied which exhibited potential of solid antimicrobial.     

壳聚糖衍生物的制备及其抑菌活性的研究

改进壳聚糖衍生物制备技术,并用红外光谱对其结构进行表征;并测定了所合成衍生物的稳定性、溶解性及pH值等相关性质,同时用改进后的CS衍生物进行抑菌实脸的初步研究.结果表明经过技术改进制备的3种不同分子量的CS衍生物具有良好水溶性且稳定性增强.两种CS衍生物在0.1%(w/v)处对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑制作用,到0...     

Structure and antibacterial activity of silver-supporting activated carbon fibers

In this paper, several kinds of silver supporting activated carbon fibers (ACF-Ag) were prepared by the reduction adsorption on activated carbon fiber (ACF) activated with steam or H₃PO₄ using sisal, viscose and pitch fiber as precursors. Their pore structure and surface chemistry were characterized using nitrogen adsorption, XPS, WXRD and ICP quantitative analysis. Their antibacterial activities were tested. The results showed that metallic silver particle in micron or nano-scale size could be easily and dispersedly supported onto the surface of ACF using reduction property of ACF without largely decreasing their specific surface area. The ACF-Ag showed strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity has closed relationship with the precursors, the method of activation, silver content and the specific surface area of the ACFs. Generally, higher silver content and higher specific surface area provide the materials stronger antibacterial activity. ACF activated with phosphoric acid, due to the presence of certain amount of organic phosphoric groups on the surface, showed stronger antibacterial activity than those activated with steam. The antibacterial materials can be easily regenerated without decreasing their antibacterial activity and without releasing large amount of silver from the solid phase.     

载银纳米TiO2抗菌剂的制备及抗菌性能研究

采用四氯化钛自生晶种水解法制备了纳米TiO2，通过在水解过程中引入硝酸银制得载银纳米TiO2。对载银前后的纳米TiO2进行了XRD和TEM表征。XRD图谱表明，纳米TiO2属于锐钛矿晶型结构，水解过程中加入硝酸银得到纳米TiO2与氯化银的复合体（AgCl／TiO2）。TEM照片显示，纳米TiO2样品为分散较好的20-30nm之间的粒子，而载银后的复合物粒子明显增大，有轻度的团聚发生。采用抑菌环、悬浮液浊度法测定了载银前后纳米TiO2的抗菌性能，结果表明，AgCl／TiO2抗菌材料对金黄色葡萄球菌有明显的抑菌效果，其最小抑菌浓度为750mg／L。达到日本制定的“银等无机抗菌剂自主规格及其抗菌实验法”规定的〈800mg／L指标。     

Ag-羧甲基壳聚糖复合微粒的制备及其抑菌活性

壳聚糖经羧甲基化改性后得到水溶性较高的羧甲基壳聚糖（OCMC）,它具有优良的稳定性和抗菌性。对比OCMC在不同溶剂中的溶解度,发现OCMC在2wt%乙酸溶液中的溶解性最好。将OCMC与纳米Ag（AgNPs）复合得到Ag-OCMC复合微粒,采用UV-Vis、FTIR、XPS、TEM、SEM和TG-DTA对Ag-OCMC复合微粒的组成、微观结构和热性能进行表征。以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为模型菌种测试Ag-OCMC复合微粒对革兰氏菌的抗菌性能。结果表明:AgNPs为面心立方晶型,平均粒径为40~50 nm;AgNPs的引入提高了壳聚糖和OCMC的分解温度。Ag-OCMC复合微粒对革兰氏菌的抑菌活性明显高于单一壳聚糖基抗菌剂。      

Surface characteristics and antibacterial activity of a silver-doped carbon monolith

Abstract

A carbon monolith with a silver coating was prepared and its antimicrobial behaviour in a flow system was examined. The functional groups on the surface of the carbon monolith were determined by temperature-programmed desorption and Boehm's method, and the point of zero charge was determined by mass titration. The specific surface area was examined by N₂ adsorption using the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. As a test for the surface activity, the deposition of silver from an aqueous solution of a silver salt was used. The morphology and structure of the silver coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The resistance to the attrition of the silver deposited on the carbon monolith was tested. The antimicrobial activity of the carbon monolith with a silver coating was determined using standard microbiological methods. Carbon monolith samples with a silver coating showed good antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, and are therefore suitable for water purification, particularly as personal disposable water filters with a limited capacity.     

Green-emissive carbon quantum dots with high fluorescence quantum yield: Preparation and cell imaging

High fluorescence quantum yield (QY), excellent fluorescence stability, and low toxicity are essential for a good cellular imaging fluorescent probe. Green-emissive carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with many advantages, such as unique fluorescence properties, anti-photobleaching, low toxicity, fine biocompatibility and high penetration depth in tissues, have been considered as a potential candidate in cell imaging fluorescent probes. Herein, N, S-codoped green-emissive CQDs (QY= 64.03%) were synthesized by the one-step hydrothermal method, with m-phenylenediamine as the carbon and nitrogen source, and L-cysteine as the nitrogen and sulfur dopant, under the optimum condition of 200 °C reaction for 2 h. Their luminescence was found to originate from the surface state. In light of the satisfactory photobleaching resistance and the low cytotoxicity, CQDs were used as a cell imaging probe for HeLa cell imaging. The results clearly indicate that cells can be labeled with CQDs, which can not only enter the cytoplasm, but also enter the nucleus through the nuclear pore, showing their broad application prospect in the field of cell imaging.     

Meyerozyma sp.合成Ag2S量子点及其抗菌性

利用从大庆油田土壤中筛出的耐重金属真菌季也蒙毕赤酵母(Meyerozyma sp.)还原硝酸银和亚硫酸钠合成硫化银(Ag2 S)量子点,并通过X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、倒置荧光显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)对合成的硫化银(Ag2 S)量子点进行表征,同时研究了合成的硫化银(Ag2 S)量子点的抗...     

Preparation of gold nanoparticles and carbon dots by hydrothermal reaction of bovine haemoglobin with chloroauric acid and energy band bending in carbon dots

ABSTRACT

The incubation and hydrothermal reaction under alkaline condition of bovine haemoglobin with chloroauric acid were investigated. The products in the supernatant from the centrifuge were found to be gold nanoparticles and carbon dots. Greigite (Fe₃S₄) was found as a byproduct in the precipitation. In the incubation process, the reduction ability of bovine haemoglobin molecules was activated under alkaline condition (pH ≈ 12), and Au(III) ions underwent progressive reduction to form Au nanoparticles in situ. In the hydrothermal reaction, denatured bovine haemoglobin molecules underwent biomineralisation to form carbon dots and greigite. Photoluminescence was used as a measurement of the energy band bending of as-prepared carbon dots. The effects of the acceptor 4-nitrotoluene and donor N,N-diethylaniline molecules on the photoluminescence intensity imply that oxygen-contained surface groups induce the upward band bending of carbon dots.     

Metal ion sensing and light activated antimicrobial activity of aloe-vera derived carbon dots

Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged out as a potential material amongst the carbon family for a wide range of applications including chemical/biological sensing, photocatalysis, bioimaging, etc. The green synthesis of these CDs from natural sources is gaining the significant interest of peer community for their wide utility. Herein, we present a facile one-step pyrolysis method for CDs synthesis from Aloe-Vera extract, which show bright blue luminescence under UV light with a quantum yield of 12.3%. Further, ex-situ morphological, structural and optical characterizations reveal their high quality and excitation independent emission behavior with the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl functional groups. Furthermore, these CDs were studied for Fe(III) sensing in water without any surface modifications and assessed for their light activated antibacterial activity against E.Coli and Staphylococcus aureus.     

Preparation and antibacterial activity of chitosan microshperes in a solid dispersing system

In this study, we investigated the interface contacting inhibition behaviors of chitosan against bacterial in the dispersing state. For that purpose, chitosan microspheres (CMs) in the dispersing state was prepared by the emulsification cross-linking method. The CMs had smooth surface and spherical shape with the diameter of about 124 μm. They were stable after sterilization at 121°C and 150 kPa for 20 min. The CMs had similar antibacterial activity to that of chitosan in the solution form. Their antibacterial activities increased with the increase of the CM concentration, while decreased with the increase of pH of the system. It was found that the CMs with the degree of deacetylation (DD) of 63.6% exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, while the CMs with the DD of 83.7% exerted the lowest antibacterial activity among the three tested samples.     

Preparation and antibacterial activity of chitosan microshperes in a solid dispersing system

In this study, we investigated the interface contacting inhibition behaviors of chitosan against bacterial in the dispersing state. For that purpose, chitosan microspheres (CMs) in the dispersing state was prepared by the emulsification cross-linking method. The CMs had smooth surface and spherical shape with the diameter of about 124 ?m. They were stable after sterilization at 121°C and 150 kPa for 20 min. The CMs had similar antibacterial activity to that of chitosan in the solution form. Their antibacterial activities increased with the increase of the CM concentration, while decreased with the increase of pH of the system. It was found that the CMs with the degree of deacetylation (DD) of 63.6% exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, while the CMs with the DD of 83.7% exerted the lowest antibacterial activity among the three tested samples.     

碳量子点的制备及与牛血清蛋白的相互作用

以木炭为碳源,分别采用回流、微波及超声等不同方法制备碳量子点(Carbon quantum dots,CQDs)。比较不同方法的优劣并优化反应条件、考察不同因素对其荧光量子产率的影响。得到最佳制备方法,制得粒径较小的荧光CQDs,用钝化剂PEG2000修饰后,提高其荧光寿命和量子产率。将修饰后的CQDs应用于与牛血清白蛋白(Bovine serum albumin,BSA)的相互作用,采用紫外吸收光谱法和荧光光谱法探讨其相互作用机理。结果表明,经回流法所制CQDs的荧光量子产率最高,其与BSA之间的荧光猝灭为静态猝灭过程。     

Preparation of an optimized ciprofloxacin-loaded chitosan nanomicelle with enhanced antibacterial activity

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lipid structure on physicochemical properties of chitosan-fatty acid nanomicelles and prepare an optimum ciprofloxacin-loaded formulation from these conjugates which could enhance the antibacterial effects of drug against some important pathogens like P. aeruginosa.

Significance: Nowadays, resistance in infectious diseases is a growing worldwide concern. Nanocarriers can increase the therapeutic index and consequently reduce the antibiotic resistance. By site-specific delivery of drug, the adverse effects of broad-spectrum antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin would be reduced.

Methods: Fatty acid grafted chitosan conjugates were synthetized in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide. The effects of fatty acid type (stearic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid) on physicochemical properties of conjugates were investigated. Ciprofloxacin was encapsulated in nanomicelles by thin film hydration method. Also, the preparation process was optimized with a central composite design. The antibacterial effect of optimum formulation against P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and S. pneumoniae species was determined.

Results: All conjugates were synthetized with high yield values and the substitution degrees ranged between 2.13 and 35.46%. Ciprofloxacin was successfully encapsulated in nanomicelles. The optimum formulation showed high drug loading (≈?19%), with particle size of about 260?nm and a sustained release profile of ciprofloxacin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin in optimum formulation against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae species were 4 and 2 times lower in comparison with the free drug, respectively.

Conclusions: The antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin was improved by encapsulation of drug in chitosan nanomicelles.     

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of shell waste loaded with silver

A green inorganic antibacterial material was prepared using shell waste as a carrier material loaded with silver. It was characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (XPS) and N₂ adsorption isotherms. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as sensitive indicator strains. The antibacterial mechanism was probed and discussed as well. Silver carbonate was detected in the prepared material through XRD analysis. XPS measurement and EDS analysis also confirmed the loading of silver onto the carrier. The antibacterial test demonstrated that the prepared material had good antibacterial property, especially against E. coli. Based on the silver ion release and pH test, as well as comparatively analyzing the characteristics of carrier material and prepared material, we proposed that the antibacterial mechanism mainly involved the antibacterial activity of silver ion, slightly higher pH value and supplementary photocatalytic antibacterial activity of silver carbonate.     

Nanobiosensing with graphene and carbon quantum dots: Recent advances

Graphene and carbon quantum dots (GQDs and CQDs) are relatively new nanomaterials that have demonstrated impact in multiple different fields thanks to their unique quantum properties and excellent biocompatibility. Biosensing, analyte detection and monitoring wherein a key feature is coupled molecular recognition and signal transduction, is one such field that is being greatly advanced by the use of GQDs and CQDs. In this review, recent progress on the development of biotransducers and biosensors enabled by the creative use of GQDs and CQDs is reviewed, with special emphasis on how these materials specifically interface with biomolecules to improve overall analyte detection. This review also introduces nano-enabled biotransducers and different biosensing configurations and strategies, as well as highlights key properties of GQDs and CQDs that are pertinent to functional biotransducer design. Following relevant introductory material, the literature is surveyed with emphasis on work performed over the last 5 years. General comments and suggestions to advance the direction and potential of the field are included throughout the review. The strategic purpose is to inspire and guide future investigations into biosensor design for quality and safety, as well as serve as a primer for developing GQD- and CQD-based biosensors.