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一引言秸秆固化是生产秸秆固化燃料的一个朝阳产业。它是将农作物秸秆粉碎后,在秸秆压块设备中利用机械、油压或环模技术将秸秆压缩成型,作燃料直接燃烧。秸秆经压缩成型后,体积变小,密度 相似文献
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秸秆成型燃料双胆反烧炉的设计 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
根据秸秆成型燃料的单颗粒燃烧试验,分析了秸秆成型燃料的燃烧速度、燃烧机理和燃烧动力学特性,总结了秸秆成型燃料的燃烧规律,并根据秸秆成型燃料燃烧特性,研制出适合于生物质秸秆成型燃料燃烧的双胆反烧锅炉。该锅炉采用双层炉排反烧结构,可使成型燃料连续稳定燃烧,同时基本上解决了秸秆燃烧的结渣、飘尘问题。试验结果表明:该锅炉燃烧效率高达99.23%~91.75%,而且烟气中的烟尘含量,氮氧化物及二氧化硫含量远低于国家锅炉的污染物排放标准要求。图1表6参10 相似文献
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生物质固体成型燃料抗结渣研究进展 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
生物质固体成型燃料具有易储存、运输及使用方便、清洁环保、燃烧效率高等优点,是开发利用生物质能的主要方向之一.但秸秆类生物质原料中无机元素(包括K,Na,Cl,S,Ca.Si,P等)含量较高,导致了生物质固体成型燃料在热化学转化利用过程中出现结渣现象,不仅对燃烧设备的热性能造成影响,而且危及燃烧设备安全,成为阻碍生物质同体成型燃料推广应用的主要因素.文章分析了秸秆类生物质燃料的结渣机理,介绍了国内外生物质燃料抗结渣特性的研究现状,探讨了原料预处理、添加剂和颗粒密度对燃料抗结渣特性的影响,最后分析了目前生物质抗结渣研究中存在的问题,并提出了未来的研究方向. 相似文献
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中国农作物秸秆能源化潜力估算 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
农作物秸秆中含有丰富的有机质,是个巨大的能源库,对其的准确定量是秸秆综合利用的前提条件.文章以2005年中国农作物秸秆资源为例,结合农作物秸秆的能源转化方式,定量估算了中国农作物秸秆能源化的潜力,为秸秆综合利用提供参考资料.结果表明,中国每年约有3.995×108 t农作物秸秆可作为能源利用,这些秸秆若全部以直接燃烧、锅炉燃烧、压缩成型燃烧、沼气供热、沼气发电、气化供热以及气化发电等不同转化方式加以利用,则其能源化产品可分别替代化石燃料0.291×108,0.5×108,2.039×108,0.815×108,0.258×108,2.217×108和0.5987×108 t标煤.其中气化供热能源转化效率最高,可达60.37%,其次为压缩成型燃烧,能源转化效率达58.26%.秸秆资源用于气化供热和压缩成型燃烧潜力巨大. 相似文献
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小型燃煤锅炉改造成秸秆成型燃料锅炉的前景分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从我国秸秆资源、环保政策、秸秆成型技术的经济性及锅炉改造后秸秆成型块燃烧测试结果等方面对小型燃煤锅炉改造成秸秆成型燃料锅炉的前景进行了分析。分析结果表明,将小型燃煤锅炉改造成秸秆成型燃料锅炉,既给秸秆利用找到了一条出路,同时也给目前城镇中2t以下燃煤锅炉找到了替代能源。因此,此项改造技术发展前景广阔。 相似文献
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生物质颗粒冷态致密成型技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
生物质能是唯一直接来自于太阳能并可储存运输的可再生能源。与传统化石类能源相比,它具有分布范围广、数量大、可再生等优点。生物质颗粒燃料冷态致密成型技术,是一种重要的生物质资源化利用基础技术之一,可有效地解决储运瓶颈。该项技术在国外已得到了较大的发展,在我国也有了一定的研究基础,具有很大的发展空间。近年来,我们对不同的生物质冷态致密成型机理进行了深入的研究,用不同种类生物质进行了冷态致密成型试验,深入分析了原料种类、粒度、含水率对颗粒燃烧的成型率、密度、抗碎性及吨料能耗的影响,在此基础上开发出了系列高效生物质颗粒燃料冷态致密成型设备。为生物质颗粒燃料冷态致密成型技术在我国的大规模推广应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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生物质成型燃料循环流化床燃烧试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在0.15 MW循环流化床试验台上,进行了玉米秸秆和苹果树枝成型燃料燃烧特性以及排放特性的试验研究.试验结果表明,玉米秸秆成型燃料和苹果树枝成型燃料在循环流化床中能够稳定燃烧,燃烧效率达到96.8%;尾气中HCl的排放质量浓度较高,SO2的排放质量浓度随着生物质的硫含量增大而增大;使用选择性炉渣作为床料同时加入黏土作为添加剂的方法,能够有效抑制玉米秸秆成型燃料和苹果树枝成型燃料燃烧过程中床料的黏结,黏土对循环流化床的物料循环流化起到了稳定作用. 相似文献
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玉米秸秆成型燃料是生物质能利用的主要方式,选取具有代表性的玉米秸秆成型燃料作为试验对象,运用场发射投射电子显微镜(JEM-2100F)对其微观结构进行观察,通过对图像进行分析,压缩后的成型燃料致密程度显著增加,减少的是原生物质的孔隙率,其组织结构变得纵横叠加,且层与层之间的空隙较小,连接物无明显界线,结合紧密,断面的形成有相互牵拉的迹象;通过计算分析,玉米秸秆致密成型燃料的相对孔隙率为22.8%,因此,在燃烧过程中应增加氧气的供应量与燃料强制混合.研究为成型燃料燃烧机理的研究提供实验依据,是成型燃料燃烧设备和加工设备设计的重要理论基础和设计依据. 相似文献
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介绍了一种新型秸秆燃料成型机,阐述了其基本机械结构和工作原理.为了便于分析秸秆燃料压缩成型过程中秸秆碎料形变规律,将成型机工作区域动态地划分为供料区、压紧区、压实区、成型区和保型区等五个工作分区.从秸秆碎料宏观体积、微观组织变化以及秸秆碎料的形变情况,分别探讨了每个分区秸秆碎料的形变特点.成型机压辊对秸秆碎料的挤压力过小会降低成型燃料的品质,挤压力过大则会降低秸秆成型机的寿命.通过研究挤压力与秸秆燃料密度的关系,以控制压缩比为措施设计了新型秸秆成型机的挤压力控制方案. 相似文献
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In order to determine the briquetting characteristics of biomass in a commercial setting, a hydraulic briquetter was used to study the compaction behavior of biomass grinds from barley, oat, canola and wheat straw. The selected straw samples were ground with a hammer mill using screen sizes of 19.05, 25.40 and 31.75 mm and conditioned to three moisture content levels of 0.09, 0.12 and 0.15 (w.b.). The residence time was about 6–10 min before being extruded from the briquetter. The specific energy, throughput, as well as the density, and durability of manufactured briquettes were measured during or after briquetting. The applied compression pressure at different parameter combinations ranged from 7 to 14 MPa. Higher pressure resulted at higher biomass moisture content. Hammer mill grinding of biomass with a large screen size (31.75 mm) resulted in high energy consumption and low throughput during briquetting. The increase in moisture content decreased the total energy consumption and increased the throughput of the briquetter. Briquette densities were of consistently higher value when biomass samples were compressed at a lower moisture level. The moisture content and hammer mill screen size indirectly influenced the briquette densities by affecting the pressure and residence time in commercial briquette production. Briquettes were successfully formed without adding a binder. 相似文献
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中国农村能源发展现状及“十二五”展望 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
近年来,我国高度重视农村能源建设,投资力度不断增加,政策法规体系初步建立,农村沼气已实现跨越式发展,太阳能热利用持续快速增长,秸秆能源化利用也取得初步进展。但还存在着优质能源比例低、城乡差距大、投资结构不合理以及市场化程度低等问题。建议在"十二五"期间,按照"因地制宜、多能互补、综合利用、讲求效益"的发展方针,大力推广农村可再生能源和节能技术,采取完善政策法规、开发农村能源市场等措施,促进农村社会经济可持续发展。 相似文献
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Biomass briquetting and its perspectives in Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Felix Fonseca FelfliJuan M. Mesa P José Dilcio RochaDaniele Filippetto Carlos A. LuengoWalfrido Alonso Pippo 《Biomass & bioenergy》2011,35(1):236-242
A study of the status of biomass briquetting and its perspectives in Brazil was conducted including determination of the availability and characteristics of the agro-residues for briquetting. Wood residues, rice husk and coffee husk were characterized and identified as the more promising agro-residues for briquetting in the short-term in Brazil. A survey was carried out in order to determine the number of briquetting factories in Brazil, and also to determine: used briquetting technologies, briquettes production, briquettes sale prices, the status of biomass briquetting market and its future perspectives. 相似文献
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节能技术在冰箱经济运行中的应用分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文运用大量的实验数据和对比分析,传统冰箱在运行过程中降低能耗的几种成熟技术的现状及发展趋势。并浅析VIP技术将会对能量消耗产生的影响,以及该技术在规模生产中降低成本和提高效益的可行性。 相似文献
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Biomass feedstocks need to be milled or chopped into particles before briquetting, and the particle size has great effects on the energy consumption and product quality. In this study, the effects of the particle size on the rice straw briquetting process were investigated. The raw materials were milled or chopped into four different sized test materials. Experiments were carried out with an electronic universal testing machine and a self-designed single pellet unit on the basis of a simplex-centroid design. Several parameters, including briquetting time, energy consumption, maximum extrusion force, product compressive strength, and product density, were tested and recorded. The experimental data were processed by the methods of regression analysis and variance analysis. Finally, effects of raw material particle size on the briquetting process, energy consumption, maximum extrusion force, product compressive strength, and product density were obtained. Results showed that, compared with simple sized materials, mixed materials achieved lower energy consumption, higher product compressive strength, and higher product density. 相似文献
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Renewable energy from agro-residues in China: Solid biofuels and biomass briquetting technology 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
China has the abundant agro-residue resources, producing more than 630 million tons of agro-residues in 2006, and amounting to about 20% of total energy consumption in rural areas. Efficient utilization of enormous agro-residues resource is crucial for providing bioenergy, releasing risk of environmental pollution, and increasing farmers’ income. The paper presented the feasibility of densified solid biofuels technology for utilizing agro-residues in China. The output and distribution of agro-residues in recent 10 years, the R&D of briquetting technology, and the market of densified solid biofuels from agro-residues in China have been analyzed. The result indicated that the abundant agro-residue resources can provide the economical and sustainable raw material for densified solid biofuels development in China. The R&D of briquetting technology at present can strongly support the large scale production of densified solid biofuels. With continued improvement and cost reduction of briquetting technology, along with the support of nation energy policy on biomass energy, the market of densified solid biofuels from agro-residues in China will be more fully deployed. Based on the above mentioned key factors, development of densified solid biofuels from agro-residues in China will be promising and feasible. 相似文献