Microstructure of Si3N4/Si3N4 joint brazed using Cu-Pd-Ti alloy filler

Microstructure of the Si3 N4/Si3 N4 joint brazed using an active filler of Cu-Pd-Ti alloy was analyzed by means of EPMA and XRD. The results indicate that a perfect Si3 N4/Si3 N4 joint is obtained by using an active filler of Cu76.5Pd8.5Ti15 alloy with brazing temperature, pressure and holding time of 1 373 - 1 473 K, 2× 10-3 MPa and 1.8 ks, respectively. The filler alloy in the joint is a Cu-Pd solution containing reactant of TiN, PdTiSi and Pd2Si.The interface between the filler alloy and Si3 N4 ceramic is composed of TiN reactant.     

EFFECT OF Ti CONTENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Si_3n_4/Si_3N_4 JOINT BRAZED USING Cu-Zn-Ti ALLOY

1.IntroductionWiththedevelopmentofaerospace,energyandelectronicindustries,advancedmaterialsarebecomingmoreandmoreimPOrtant.CerdricmaterialshavevariousadVantagessuchashighthermalresistance,corrosionresistanceandwearresistance,whichcansatisfymanyindustryreqUirements.However,becauseOfthehighbrittlenessandPOOrmachiningproperties,cerawhcmaterialsisverydifficulttobeusedasthestructurecomponentswithlargesizeorcomplicatedshapes.Therefore,weldingofceradricmaterialsisoneofthekeytechniqUesfortheirappl…     

Properties and fracture processes of Si3N4/ Si3N4 joints brazed using Cu–Zn–Ti filler alloy

Abstract

Si₃N₄ ceramic was jointed to itself using a filler alloy of Cu-Zn-Ti at 1123-1323 K for 0.3-2.7 ks. Ti content in the Cu-Zn-Ti filler alloy was varied from 5 to 20 at.-%. The effect of brazing parameters, such as brazing temperature, holding time and Ti content, on the mechanical properties and facture processes of the Si₃N₄/Si₃N₄ joint were investigated. The results indicated that the increased brazing temperature, holding time and Ti content increase the thickness of the interfacial reaction zone in the Si₃N₄/filler alloy, and the size and amount of the reaction phases in the filler alloy. Their increases lead to increasing shear strength of the joint. The fracture behaviour of the Si₃N₄/Si₃N₄ joint greatly depends on the microstructure of the joint. A suitable thick reaction zone with reaction phases yields the high strength of the Si₃N₄/ Si₃N₄ joint.     

Si3N4/AgCu/TiAl钎焊接头界面结构及性能

采用AgCu非活性钎料实现了Si3N4陶瓷与TiAl基合金的钎焊,确定接头的典型界面组织结构为:TiAl/Ti3Al+Ti(s,s)/AlCuTi/Ag(s,s)+AlCu2Ti/Ti5Si3+TiN/Si3N4陶瓷。钎焊过程中,活性元素Ti从TiAl母材溶解到钎料中与Si3N4陶瓷发生反应润湿,实现了TiAl与Si3N4陶瓷的连接。随着钎焊温度的升高及保温时间的延长,靠近Si3N4陶瓷的TiN反应层厚度增加,Ag基固溶体中弥散分布的AlCu2Ti化合物聚集长大成块状,导致接头性能下降。当钎焊温度T=860℃,保温时间为5min时接头抗剪强度达到最大值124.6MPa。基于反应热力学及动力学计算TiN层反应激活能Q约为528.7kJ/mol,860℃时该层的成长系数KP=2.7×10-7m/s1/2。     

TiAl与Si3N4f/Si3N4复合材料钎焊接头界面结构及性能研究

采用AgCuTi钎料实现了TiAl与Si3N4f/Si3N4复合材料的钎焊,确定了钎焊接头的典型界面组织结构为TiAl/AlCuTi/Ag(s,s)/TiN/Si3N4f/Si3N4。钎焊过程中,液相钎料在Si3N4f/Si3N4复合材料表面发生较好润湿,钎料中活性元素Ti与Si3N4基体及纤维发生反应形成连续的TiN化合物层。过高的钎焊温度或过长的保温时间导致钎缝中脆性的AlCuTi化合物增加,且由于接头应力的作用在钎缝中产生微裂纹甚至开裂,严重地降低了钎焊接头性能。当钎焊温度T=850℃,保温时间为10min时,接头抗剪强度达到最大,为9.4MPa,超过Si3N4f/Si3N4母材层间抗剪强度的60%。断口分析表明:压剪过程中,断裂发生在Si3N4f/Si3N4复合材料一侧。     

Invar合金与Si_3N_4陶瓷钎焊接头界面组织和性能研究

采用Ag Cu Ti活性钎料对Invar合金和Si3N4陶瓷进行钎焊连接,研究了接头界面组织及其形成机制,分析了钎焊工艺参数对接头界面结构和性能的影响。结果表明,钎焊过程中液态钎料中的活性元素Ti与Si3N4陶瓷发生反应,在陶瓷界面形成致密的Ti N和Ti5Si3反应层;同时,Invar合金向液态钎料中溶解,与活性元素Ti反应生成脆性的Fe2Ti和Ni3Ti化合物。钎焊温度和保温时间影响Si3N4陶瓷界面反应层的厚度以及接头中Fe2Ti和Ni3Ti脆性化合物的形成量和分布,这两方面共同决定着接头的抗剪强度。当钎焊温度为870℃,保温15 min时,接头的平均抗剪强度最大值达到92.8 MPa,此时接头的断裂形式呈现沿Si3N4陶瓷基体和界面反应层的复合断裂模式。     

Strength and interfacial microstructure of Si3N4 joint brazed with amorphous Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu filler metal

In this paper, the vacuum brazing of Si3N4 ceramic was carried oat with Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu20 amorphous filler metal. The interfacial microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) etc. According to the analysis, the interface reaction layer was made up of TiN abut on the ceramic and the Ti-Si, Zr-Si compounds. The influence of brazing temperature and holding time on the joint strength was also studied. The results shows that the joint strength first increased and then decreased with the increasing of halding time and brazing temperature. The joint strength was significantly affected by the thickness of the reaction layer. Under the same experimental conditions, the joint brazed with amorphous filler metal exhibits much higher strength compared with the one brazed with crystalline filler metal with the same composition. To achieve higher joint strength at relatively low temperature, it is favorable to use the amorphous filler metal than the crystalline filler metal.     

Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu非晶钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷的连接强度

采用Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu20非晶钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷,研究钎焊工艺参数对界面反应层和接头连接强度的影响。结果表明:随着钎焊时间的增加和钎焊温度的提高,接头弯曲强度都表现出先上升后下降的趋势;钎焊工艺参数对连接强度的影响主要是由于影响反应层厚度所致;在相同钎焊工艺条件下,采用Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu20非晶态钎料和晶态钎料相比,其接头连接强度提高了84%。     

扩散处理对Si3N4陶瓷与金属钎焊接头的强化作用

用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪及X射线衍射仪分析和讨论了复合电镀Ni-Ti陶瓷与金属钎焊接头的强度、微观结构和其界面结合机制。试验表明：扩散处理对陶瓷与金属钎焊接头有强化作用。经辉光扩散处理后，Ti向陶瓷界面扩散，Ni-Ti层与陶瓷发生界面反应。     

Cu-Ni-Ti合金钎料对Si_3N_4陶瓷的润湿与连接

采用座滴法研究了Ｃ４－Ｎｉ－（２７—５６）Ｔｉ合金（原子分数,％,下刚在Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷上的润湿行为选用真空熔炼合金Ｃｕ３８Ｎｉ３０Ｔｉ３２和Ｃｕ３４Ｎｉ２７Ｔｉ３９作为钎料时,获得的Ｓｉ３Ｎ／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４接头的强度不理想在降低钎料含Ｔｉ量的同时适当降低含Ｎｉ量,重新设计了两种Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｔｉ（Ｓｉ,Ｂ）合金钎料,并采用膏状形式改善针料成分的均匀性,在１３５３Ｋ,１０ｍｉｎ的针焊条件下获得的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４接头最高三点弯曲强度分别提高至３３８．８和２０６９ＭＰａ,并对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／Ｓｉ３Ｎ。接头的界面反应进行了分析     

Brazing Si3N4 ceramic to AISI 5140 steel under pressure

Pressures (0 to 40 MPa) were applied to the joints of Si₃N₄ ceramic to 5140 steel during vacuum brazing with Ag-Cu-Ti active filler metal. Pressurization started at various temperatures (873,973, and 1073 K) and ended at room temperature during cooling. Results show that there is an optimum starting temperature to pressurize, at which the maximum room temperature shear strength of the joint is obtained.     

Si3N4／Cu68Ti20Ni12的界面结构及连接强度

采用Cu68Ti20Ni12钎料进行了Si3N4／Si3N4的活性钎焊连接。结果表明：钎焊温度和时间对连接强度有重要影响；在1373K，10min的连接条件下，Si3N4/Si3N4连接强度达到最大值289MPa。通过对Si3N4／Cu68Ti20Ni12界面区的微观分析：发现Ti，Ni明显向Si3N4方向富集，相对Ni而言，Ti的富集区更靠近Si3N4陶瓷，而Si则向钎料方向扩散，Cu在接头中心富集：界面区存在2层反应层，反应层Ⅰ为TiN层，而反应层Ⅱ则由TiN，Ti5Si4，Ti5Si3，Ni3Si及NiTi化合物组成。     

采用Cu-Ti钎料高温连接Si3N4陶瓷

采用Cu80Ti20钎料在1413~1493 K的温度,保温时间5~15 min的工艺条件下分别进行了Si₃N₄陶瓷的高温活性钎焊,在所选工艺条件下均成功得到了无明显缺陷和裂纹的钎焊接头,通过对接头组织和成分的分析,接头的组成为Si₃N₄陶瓷/TiN界面反应层/Cu-Ti化合物+Ti5Si3/TiN界面反应层/Si₃N₄陶瓷.在1413 K保温10min条件下,固溶体中的Ti元素扩散至钎缝与母材的界面并发生反应,形成了致密连续的厚度约为1 μm的反应层.获得了钎焊温度、保温时间、钎缝宽度及界面层厚度等对接头强度的影响规律,在试验中所采用的工艺参数条件下,接头抗剪强度达到了105 MPa.     

Cu-Ni-Ti钎料连接Si3N4/In718接头强度及断裂分析

采用(Cu85Ni15)80Ti20钎料进行了Si3N4/In718合金的连接。结果表明，两者直接钎焊时连接强度较低，仅为11MPa；插入中间层Ni可有效减缓接头中V的残余应力，提高连接强度。Ni中间层存在一最佳厚度0．45mm，对应的连接强度达103MPa。断裂分析表明；不同的断裂方式其连接强度不同。断口XRD分析表明：界面反应产物包括TiN，Ti5Si4，Ti3Si和Ni3Si等化合物。     

填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg的SiC陶瓷钎焊接头的组织与性能

为丰富SiC陶瓷钎焊所用钎料的设计思路,提出了一种泡沫Ti/AlSiMg新型复合钎料,通过Ti元素的溶入提高钎料与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,利用泡沫Ti与Al基钎料之间的界面反应获得原位增强的钎缝,从而提升接头力学性能. 采用钎焊温度700 ℃、保温时间60 min和焊接压力10 MPa进行SiC陶瓷真空钎焊,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射、电子探针和万能试验机对接头组织、成分和性能进行分析,探索泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料在SiC陶瓷钎焊中的可用性. 结果表明,填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料所得接头结构为SiC/Al/Ti(Al,Si)₃/Ti(Al,Si)₃原位增强Ti基钎缝/ Ti(Al,Si)₃/Al/SiC,断裂发生在铝合金界面层和SiC陶瓷之间,Ti元素的溶入提高了铝合金界面层与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,接头抗剪强度达111 MPa.     

SiC陶瓷与TC4钛合金反应钎焊的研究

采用Ｃｕ箔对常压烧结的ＳｉＣ陶瓷与ＴＣ４钛合金进行了接触反应钎焊,并对接头的微观组织,形成机理和室温强度进行了研究。结果表明,利用Ｃｕ箔可以在低于其熔点的温度实现ＳｉＣ与ＴＣ４钛合金的连接。接头界面具有明显的层状结构,即由Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金层,Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ合金层和富Ｔｉ的Ｔｉ－Ｃｕ－Ａｌ合金层组成。在１２７３Ｋ的条件下连续５ｍｉｎ,接头室温关照切达到１８６ＭＰａ。     

Effect of parameters on interface of the brazed ZrO2 ceramic and Ti-6Al-4V joint using Ti-based amorphous filler

A commercially available Ti47 Zr28 Cu14 Ni11 (at. pct) amorphous filler foil was used to join ZrO2 ceramic and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. According to experimental observations, the interface microstructure accounts for the mechanical properties of the joints. The effects of brazing conditions and parameters on the joint properties were investigated. The joint shear strength showed the highest value of about 108 MPa and did not monotonously increase with the brazing time increasing. It was shown that decreasing of brazing cooling rate and appropriate filler foil thickness gave higher joint strength.     

Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu20非晶钎料钎焊Si3N4陶瓷的界面结构及强度

采用Ti40Zr25Ni15Cu20非晶钎料进行了Si3N4陶瓷真空钎焊连接,利用SEM、EDX等微观分析手段,研究了钎焊界面的微观结构,得出界面反应层有两部分组成,接头界面微观结构为Si3N4/TiN/Ti-Si,Zr-Si化合物/钎缝中心;在相同钎焊工艺条件下,研究对比了晶态和非晶态钎料钎焊接头的强度,发现非晶态钎料钎焊的接头强度大大超过用晶态钎料钎焊的接头.     

压力钎焊改善Si3N4/40Cr钢接头强度的试验研究

分析了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／４０Ｃｒ钢钎焊接头缓冲层机制。利用压力钎焊促进缓冲层产生塑性变形,降低了接头的残余应力,提高了接头强度。软性缓冲层Ｃｕ和Ｎｂ易于产生较大的塑性变形,接头强度有明显提高;硬性缓冲层Ｔａ不易产生塑性变形,接头强度无明显提高。缓冲层塑性变形愈大,接头强度愈高。使用Ｃｕ作缓冲层材料,当外加压力为２７ＭＰａ时,接头拉伸强度可达６２．３ＭＰａ。ＥＰＭＡ结果表明,在加压和无压状态下,接头中各元素在垂直界面方向上的总体分布不发生变化。加压可以减小接头钎缝宽度,控制接头间隙。压力钎焊也有助于其它异种材料的连接。     

TiAl基合金与Ti合金的真空钎焊

采用Ag-Cu钎料与Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料,对TiAl与Ti合金进行了真空钎焊试验,主要研究了采用两种钎料时的界面反应以及钎焊温度对界面组织及性能的影响.研究发现,采用Ag-Cu钎料时界面结构为:Ti/Ti(Cu,Al)2/TiCux Ag(s,s)/Ag(s,s)/Ti(Cu,Al)2/TiAl,当钎焊温度T=1 223 K,保温时间t=10 min时接头的剪切强度达到223.3 MPa;采用Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料时在界面出现了Ti2Ni,Ti(Cu,Al)2等多种金属间化合物,当钎焊温度T=1 123 K,保温时间t=10 min时接头的剪切强度达到139.97 MPa.