NIPS法一步制备PVDF疏水分离膜的研究进展

非溶剂致相转化法(NIPS)作为膜制备的一种常用方法,因其具有控制膜结构,可实现膜制备与改性一步完成的特性,在制备高性能疏水分离膜方面具有广阔的前景。文中总结了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)疏水分离膜制备的常用方法及其优缺点,讨论了NIPS法制备PVDF疏水膜时的聚合物浓度、溶剂、添加剂、非溶剂对膜疏水性能的影响,展望了NIPS制备高性能疏水分离膜的前景。     

聚酰亚胺LB膜的制备物性和应用

介绍了聚酰亚胺LB膜的制备方法,包括先母体的制备、制膜装置、制膜工艺等;也叙述了LB膜的性能如膜厚、电性能、耐热性。同时介绍了几种LB膜的应用。     

电化学法制备多层膜的研究进展

介绍了电化学方法制备多层膜的研究进展,阐述了单槽法和双槽法制备多层膜的原理、优缺点及适用范围;简述了制备多层膜的电化学方法,为制备多层膜提供了新的思路;同时介绍了多层膜的表征手段并展望了其发展前景.     

分 子 筛 膜 的 研 究 及 进 展

本文从载体选择、膜的制备方法及表征、分子筛膜在气液分离、反应过程等方面总结了分子筛膜领域研究现状及进展情况，重点介绍了金硅沸石、ZSM-5沸石膜的制备、表征方法，并提出了一些关于开展分子筛膜制备及工业性应用研究方面的看法。     

纳滤膜的制备技术

归纳了近年纳滤膜的制备技术,主要论述了均质材料纳滤膜、复合纳滤膜的制备技术。     

耐溶剂纳滤膜的制备与应用研究进展

有机溶剂纳滤(organic solvent nanofiltration,OSN)是近年来快速发展起来的一项新型纳滤膜分离技术,具有广阔的应用前景。耐溶剂纳滤(solvent-resistant NF,SRNF)膜的制备是OSN技术发展的关键,也是目前的研究热点之一。本文侧重阐述了SRNF膜在制备及应用方面的进展,着重介绍了相转化法、界面聚合法、自组装法及有机-无机杂化法等SRNF膜制备方法。相转化法是目前国内外SRNF膜制备研究常用的方法,但该法所制备的膜皮层较厚,通量明显偏小;界面聚合法SRNF膜制备的相关研究目前较少,但由于其皮层非常薄,因此是SRNF膜制备发展的一大趋势;自组装膜有较好的耐溶剂性能;加入无机物可以提高耐有机溶剂性,有机-无机杂化法的膜制备是SRNF膜制备的趋势之一。同时简单介绍了SRNF膜的应用,并对未来SRNF膜研究的方向提出了建议。     

炭膜制备技术的研究进展

介绍了近年来炭膜的制备技术。根据炭膜的不同分类，详细叙述了不同种类炭膜的制备方法，尤其对支撑炭膜制备过程中前驱体的选择、成膜的方法、炭化的条件以及炭膜的修饰方法进行了详细的综述。同时，也对炭膜未来的发展前景进行展望。     

Sol-Gel法制备SiO2膜的研究进展

叙述了Sol—Gel法制备SiO2膜的原理以及工艺；举例说明了近些年来SiO2膜的制备进展，讨论了SiO2膜制备过程的影响因素；进而指出了采用Sol—Gel制备SiO2膜存在的问题。为SiO2膜的制备提供参考。     

阴离子交换膜的研究进展

从阴离子交换膜的制备材料、制备方法以及阴离子交换膜表面改性分析3个方面概述了阴离子交换膜的研究进展:阴离子交换膜制备材料主要有壳聚糖类、聚砜类、苯醚类以及聚氟乙烯类;阴离子交换膜最常见的制备方法,一种是从单体出发聚合成基膜然后功能基化制备阴离子交换膜,另一种以聚合物为基材,通过相转化的方法制备基膜;对当前阴离子性能的改性主要集中于抗污染性、1价和2价离子分离、机械强度、化学稳定性等性能的改性。阴离子交换膜在燃料电池、污水处理等领域具有广泛的应用,其高性能、低成本、新型、绿色环保也是当前需要大力发展的材料。     

通用树脂制备分离膜的研究进展

综述了近年来制备聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)分离膜及分离膜表面改性的研究进展,介绍了熔融纺丝-冷却拉伸法、热致相分离法、共混拉伸法、熔融烧结法等分离膜的常用制备方法。PP、PE分离膜的制备在我国有着广阔的发展前景。     

木质素酚醛树脂炭膜的制备及表征

用不同比例的木质素与甲醛、苯酚合成酚醛树脂,并进一步制备成炭化膜。同时研究了木质素加入量对膜的孔径及一些基本性能的影响。     

壳聚糖活性炭共混超滤膜的研制

本文制备了用活性炭填充共混的改性壳聚糖超滤膜（ＣＳ膜），此膜经适当交联后可用于酸性红Ｂ染料水溶液的分离脱色，并着重研究了活性炭的种类、数量、铸膜液浓度和交联剂用量的多少等因素对ＣＳ膜分离脱色性能的影响。结果表明，本实验条件下制得的壳聚糖活性炭共混超滤膜具有良好的分离、脱色效果和良好的渗透性     

气体分离用炭膜

在大量文献及作者工作的基础上,对气体分离用炭膜的分离机理、制备及应用进行了综述。     

Fabrication of carbon membranes for gas separation--a review

Carbon membrane materials are becoming more important in the new era of membrane technology for gas separation due to their higher selectivity, permeability and stability in corrosive and high temperature operations. Carbon membranes can be produced by pyrolysis of a suitable polymeric precursor under controlled conditions. This paper reviews the fabrication aspects of carbon membranes, which can be divided into six steps: precursor selection, polymeric membrane preparation, pretreatment of the precursor, pyrolysis process, post-treatment of pyrolyzed membranes and module construction. The manipulation of the pretreatment variables, pyrolysis process parameters and post-treatment conditions were shown to provide an opportunity to enhance the separation performance of carbon membranes in the future. By understanding the available methods, one can choose and optimize the best technique during the fabrication of carbon membranes. Furthermore, areas of future potential in carbon membrane research for gas separation were also briefly identified.     

炭膜研究新进展

介绍了炭膜的特性,叙述了国内外近年来在制备炭膜前躯体材料、制备方法及炭膜应用方面的最新研究成果,并对炭膜未来的发展前景和方向做了展望,认为如何增加渗透性、减少膜厚度而不影响气体的选择性、提高其性价比,是炭膜未来发展的重点;发展以高分子材料为分离层、无机材料为支撑层的复合膜是改进膜材质的一种好方法,具有很好的应用前景.     

Detailed manufacturing process of a tubular carbon microfiltration membrane for industrial wastewater treatment

Journal of Porous Materials - This paper discusses the preparation of an asymmetric microfiltration carbon membrane made of mineral coal powder and phenolic resin. Tubular supports were obtained...     

Effect of Preparation Conditions of Pt/C Catalysts on Oxygen Electrode Performance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Supported Pt/C catalyst with 3.2 nm platinum crystallites was prepared by the impregnation—reduction method. The various preparation conditions, such as the reaction temperature, the concentration of precursor H₂PtCl₆ solution and the different reducing agents, and the relationship between the preparation conditions and the catalyst performance were studied. The carbon black support after heat treatment in N₂ showed improved platinum dispersion. The particle size and the degree of dispersion of Pt on the carbon black support were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The crystal phase composition of Pt in the catalyst was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface characteristics of the carbon black support and the Pt/C catalyst were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical characteristics of the Pt/C catalysts were evaluated from current—voltage curves of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.     

Influence of oxidation temperature on the gas permeation and separation properties in a microporous carbon membrane

Of thermosetting polymers, polyphenylene oxide (PPO) is considered as one of the promising alternative polymeric precursors for carbon membrane preparation. In this study, the PPO derived carbon membranes were prepared by carbonization and followed by air-oxidation as post-treatment method to modify the membrane pore structures. The characterization of the pore properties showed that air-oxidation enlarged the pore structure for the postoxidized carbon materials. The permeation results for the post-oxidized carbon membranes showed that the extent of the permeation modification was strongly dependent on the oxidation temperature. In the binary mixture gas systems, the permeation performance of the adsorbing gas species increased due to the surface diffusion mechanism. It is considered in the oxidation effect on the permeation modification that the post-oxidation of the carbon membranes increased gas permeation and separation properties.     

炭质凝胶的制备,表征及应用

就炭质凝胶的制备和表征方法，以及在催化、功能陶瓷、多孔炭材料等方面的开发状况进行了综述，并预测在炭膜分离方面可能取得突破性进展。