Ca对Mg-5Al-1Bi合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

使用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪及力学性能测试等试验手段,研究了Ca含量对铸态Mg-5Al-1Bi镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铸态Mg-5Al-1Bi镁合金由α-Mg基体和β-Mg17Al12相组成,加入Ca后,合金晶粒细化,β-Mg17Al12相的数量减少,由连续变得较为分散。当Ca含量达到3%时,合金中生成新的第二相Al2Ca。高熔点相Al2Ca在高温条件下能钉扎晶界,阻碍晶界滑移,有利于提高合金的高温蠕变性能。合金硬度和屈服强度随着Ca含量的增加而提高,而抗拉强度和伸长率下降。     

Effect of solution treatment on microstructure and hardness of rheo-forming AZ91-Y alloy

The microstructure and hardness of rheo-forming AZ91-Y alloy before and after solution treatment(ST) have been investigated by means of optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Vickers. The experimental results showed that the β-Mg17Al12 phase of alloy was nearly dissolved after ST for 5 min. With the increasing of ST duration to 28 h, both the primary and secondarily solidified α-Mg grains faded away. At the same time, the alloy exhibited a much smoother surface due to the diffusion of solute atoms(Al). During ST, the thermal stable phase of Al2 Y produced by ultrasonic vibration retained its size and morphology. As the ST duration was increased, the alloy hardness decreased sharply at first, and then gradually reached a minimum level. The alloy's appropriate ST duration at 410 °C was approximately 28 h.     

Influence of aging modes on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 magnesium alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 magnesium alloy after solid solution and aging treatments were studied by using optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) as well as tensile testing. The results indicated that β-Mg17Al12 phase was getting to distribute discontinuously along the grain boundary after treated at 395℃ ageing for 12 h followed by water-cooling, but it did not dissolve into α-Mg completely. The residual β-Mg17Al12 phase distributed along the grain boundary and had block-like or island shapes. The size of α-Mg was getting to be coarsening but not significantly. The β-Mg17Al12 precipitates appeared in discontinuous and continuous patterns from supersaturated α-Mg solid solution after aged at 200℃. The precipitation patterns were associated with the aging time essentially. The tensile strength and elongation of the alloy increased significantly but the hardness and yield strength decreased after solid solution treatment. However, with the prolonging of aging time, the hardness and strength of alloy increased while the ductility decreased.     

AE42合金的抗压入蠕变性能

采用自制实验装置对Mg-Al-2RE(AE42)合金进行压入蠕变实验,利用带能谱(EDS)的扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析合金蠕变前后的组织和成分的演化.结果表明:随温度或应力的增加,AE42合金的压入蠕变速率和第一阶段的蠕变量逐渐增加;合金在压入状态下的蠕变应力指数和蠕变激活能的均值分别为3.06和72.4 kJ/mol;压入条件下AE42合金的稳态蠕变速率由晶界扩散主导的位错粘滞性滑移控制;铸态AE42合金由α-Mg基体、针状Al11La3和少量颗粒状Al2La组成;固溶处理8 h后,合金中的β-Mg17Al12相溶入α-Mg基体,合金的硬度上升;固溶24 h后,晶粒得到粗化,合金的硬度和抗蠕变性能均下降;固溶处理后再人工时效24 h,晶粒略有细化,但大量β-Mg17Al12相沿晶界不连续析出,合金的硬度和抗蠕变性能进一步下降.     

挤压和热处理过程中AZ91镁合金的组织变化(英文)

对AZ91镁合金在均质化热处理、热挤压和时效处理中的组织演化规律进行研究。研究结果表明,在铸态组织中存在离异共晶和固态析出两种β-Mg17Al12相。在最佳的均质化处理(380℃,15h)过程中,β-Mg17Al12相大部分溶解到α-Mg基体中,并且晶粒细小。在热挤压过程中发生动态再结晶以及由此产生的晶粒细化。而时效处理之后则出现平行于挤压方向的带状β-Mg17Al12相析出,这应该是由于在挤压过程中把原始铸造偏析挤扁拉长而造成的。另外,根据实验结果,详细地讨论了均质化和时效处理的温度、保温时间以及挤压工艺参数对AZ91镁合金的组织变化产生的影响。     

Gd对Mg9AlZnY镁合金消失模组织和性能的影响

在Mg9AlZnY合金基础上添加不同含量Gd元素,采用消失模铸造成形,研究其组织性能变化。结果发现,随着Gd含量的增加,Mg9AlZnY合金中的β-Mg17Al12相形成数量显著减少,并由连续网状结构转变为断续状和颗粒状结构。含Gd的Mg9AlZnY合金组织主要由α-Mg固溶体、β-Mg17Al12相和分布在α-Mg晶界的少量棒状Al2Y相和块状Al2Gd相组成。Al2Y和Al2Gd相热稳定性好,在高温下对晶界具有钉扎作用,防止晶界滑移,提高了晶界的高温强度。当Gd含量在0.9%(质量分数)左右时,经T6热处理后室温的抗拉强度为235MPa,200℃高温抗拉强度为156MPa,分别比Mg9AlZnY合金提高了11.9%和28.9%。     

Effect of precipitation on internal friction of AZ91 magnesium alloy

The effect of precipitation on the internal friction(IF)of AZ91 magnesium alloy was investigated by using X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)observation,and dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).Six different states of alloy were prepared by applying different heat treatment processes:as-cast,in-complete solid solution,complete solid solution,micro-precipitation,continuous precipitation and continuous-discontinuous precipitation.It was found that the internal friction of in-completely solid-solutionized,completely solid-solutionized and micro-precipitated specimens showed a similar characteristic,and the grain boundary relaxation is completed depressed due to the Al atoms supersaturated in theα-Mg solution.However,a thermal relaxation internal friction peak was observed for continuously precipitated and continuously-discontinuously precipitated specimens at around 438 K and frequency of about 1 Hz,which was attributed to the grain boundaries relaxation.Furthermore,it was found that the relaxation of theβ-Mg17Al12/α-Mg phase interfaces should give its contribution to the background internal friction in the as-cast,continuously precipitated and continuously-discontinuously precipitated specimens.     

在线固溶及离线热处理对压铸AZ91D镁合金组织及硬度的影响(英文)

研究在线固溶处理、离线固溶处理和时效处理对压铸AZ91D镁合金组织及硬度的影响。结果表明:在线淬火和离线时效处理可提高压铸AZ91D合金的布氏硬度,但是离线固溶处理使合金的硬度下降。通过X射线物相分析、光学显微组织分析、差热分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析,发现在线固溶和时效处理后合金的组织与压铸AZ91D的基本相同,仍由α-Mg及β-Al12Mg17组成。在压铸镁合金冷却过程中,在线固溶处理使温度急剧降低从而阻止了β-Al12Mg17相的继续析出,增强了Al元素固溶强化的效果。时效处理后,Al12Mg17从Mg的过饱和固溶体中析出并细化组织,改善了细晶强化的效果。离线的固溶处理使Al12Mg17分解,导致其固溶强化效果得到增强但是晶界强化相大幅度减少,从而使合金的硬度降低。     

喷射成形Mg-9Al-xZn合金的微观组织演变

利用喷射成形技术制备AZ91、AZ92和AZ93镁合金沉积柱坯,并对其微观组织演变进行观察.结果表明:铸态普通凝固AZ91合金的晶粒粗大,脆性β-Mg17Al12相连续分布成网状结构;而喷射成形AZ91、AZ92和AZ93合金的组织均匀,晶粒被充分细化,β-Mg17Al12相的网状结构被打破;喷射沉积快速凝固条件下高的冷却速率促进了过饱和α-Mg固溶体组织的形成,使得偏析相减少,形态改善;Zn含量的增加降低了Al在Mg中的溶解极限,促进了β-Mg17Al12相在晶界的析出及α-Mg+β-Mg17Al12离异共晶组织的形成;Zn元素的偏析倾向为激活成分过冷区内的形核质点提供了驱动力,从而阻碍了晶粒长大.     

微量钒对AZ91D镁合金显微组织的影响

研究了添加微量钒对AZ91D镁合金显微组织的影响。在AZ91D镁合金熔炼过程加入AlV55中间合金引入钒元素,用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射等分析研究了加钒前后合金组织的变化以及钒在合金中的存在形式。结果表明:钒的引入使β-Mg17Al12相由不连续网状逐渐离散化,钒在AZ91D合金中主要以新相Al3V形式溶解或分散于β-Mg17Al12相和α-Mg基体中。高熔点的新相Al3V在AZ91D镁合金凝固过程中先于其他相生成聚集在固液界面前沿,抑制晶粒的长大;同时由于α-Mg相细化而使晶界面积增加,相应的单位面积晶界处发生共晶反应的熔液体积减少,生成的β-Mg17Al12相变得细小。同时由于晶粒尺寸减小以及晶界处Al3V相的强化作用,AZ91D合金的硬度随着添加钒含量的增加呈增大趋势。     

Effects of La2(CO3)3 on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZM-5 magnesium alloy

The optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) are employed to analyze the effect of La2(CO3)3 on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZM-5 magnesium alloy, and effect of holding time on mechanical properties of the alloy.Experimental results show that the as-cast microstructure of ZM-5 alloy with the addition of La2(CO3)3 is composed of α-Mg, β-Mg17Al12, Al11La3 and Al8LaMn4 phases and the microstructure can be refined significantly by adding La2(CO3)3.As a result, the morphology of coarse β-Mg17Al12 phase can be alternated from the semi-continuous net shape to a discontinuous, even to a granular shape, and to be diminished in their sizes and dispersed in their distributions.     

Al基钎料钎焊镁合金AZ31B接头的显微组织及力学性能

为了连接变形镁合金AZ31B,以Al基钎料对变形镁合金AZ31B进行高频感应钎焊。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线能谱等分析钎焊接头的显微组织及钎缝物相,测试钎焊接头的力学性能及显微硬度。结果表明:在钎焊过程中熔融的Al基钎料与固态的AZ31B母材发生强烈的合金化作用,原始钎料中均一的Mg32(Al,Zn)49相在钎焊后完全消失,同时在钎缝中生成α-Mg、β-Mg17(Al,Zn)12相。钎焊搭接接头的平均抗剪强度达到44MPa,对接接头的平均抗拉强度达到71MPa。接头的断裂形式为沿晶脆性断裂,断裂产生在β-Mg17(Al,Zn)12硬脆相处。     

热处理对Al2O3f/Mg-6Al-0.5Nd-0.5Gd复合材料组织及硬度的影响

采用金相显微镜、维氏硬度测试仪及扫描电镜等,研究热处理工艺对Al₂O_3f /Mg-6Al-0.5Nd-0.5Gd复合材料微观组织及硬度的影响。结果表明,固溶处理后β-Mg_l7A1₁₂相大部分固溶于α-Mg基体中,而稀土化合物Al₂Nd、Al₂Gd相因其高熔点,在试验温度下不能分解与固溶,Al₂O_3f纤维变得细小均匀,Mg₂Si相呈一定的分解、球化趋势。时效处理使β-Mg_l7A1₁₂相再次析出,呈层片状或弥散颗粒状分布,优化了其铸态时粗大的网状结构,此时,复合材料硬度达到最大值,比铸态时提高了47.5%。     

添加Ca和Sr元素对ZK61镁合金组织与性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、Vickers硬度计及拉伸试验机等观察并研究了添加Ca和Sr元素及热处理工艺对ZK61镁合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:单独添加Ca元素时,在ZK61-xCa合金α-Mg基体上析出了形状不规则的MgZn和MgZn2相;复合添加Ca、Sr元素时,在α-Mg基体上形成了沿晶界分布的Mg17Sr2新相。当固溶温度和时间为350℃×12 h,时效温度和时间为200℃×12 h时,合金的组织与性能达到最优。当元素Ca=1.0%,Sr=0.5%时,热处理后合金的性能最优,其抗拉强度为141.9 MPa,伸长率为15.6%,维氏硬度为51.6 HV。     

固溶处理对AM60B镁合金半固态组织的影响

采用金相显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)研究了固溶处理对AM60B镁合金半固态组织的影响。结果表明,415℃固溶处理16h的AM60B镁合金锭料,经610℃部分重熔后可得到初生相颗粒细小、圆整、均匀的半固态组织。AM60B镁合金经415℃×16h固溶处理后,β-Mg17Al12相已完全溶解于α-Mg基体中。在610℃的等温热处理过程中,固溶阶段粗化的枝晶臂重熔,从而导致组织分离是形成这种组织的主要原因。     

Transformation mechanism of lamellar microstructure of AZ80 wrought Mg alloy during warm deformation

The microstructure especially the lamellar second phase evolution by a combination of deformation and heat treatment for AZ80 alloy was investigated.The results show that there are finer lamellar Mg_(17)Al_(12) phases after hot compression with the increasing strain,while there are coarse lamellar discontinuous precipitation cells ofβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase spreading from the grain boundaries into the grains after T6 treatment of the compressed samples.The lamellar morphologies especially the lamellar dist...     

光纤激光焊接AZ91D镁合金接头微观组织特征

采用光纤激光焊接AZ91D镁合金,借助金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜分别对焊接接头的微观组织结构、相组成、断口形貌进行分析.结果表明:光纤激光焊接AZ91D镁合金,能够得到无明显缺陷的焊接接头,焊缝组织为细小的柱状晶组织,接头热影响区小.焊缝组织由过饱和α-Mg固溶体和Al_2Mg相组成,焊缝金属冷却速度较快,没有β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)脆性相析出.α-Mg晶内和晶界上有少量Al_2Mg析出物,且存在大量位错线和位错胞.断口特征为韧脆混合断裂形式,有微小裂纹存在.     

AZ91D镁合金等离子束重熔组织与性能

利用高能等离子束对AZ91D镁合金表面进行快速加热重熔处理,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、电子探针等对重熔层的物相、组织结构和成分进行分析,通过摩擦和拉伸试验研究重熔层的耐磨性和强度。结果表明:等离子束重熔层的晶粒得到高度细化,晶粒为细小的等轴晶粒,尺寸为1～2μm;物相组成仍然为α-Mg+β-Mg17Al12,但α-Mg相减少,β-Mg17Al12增加,且β-Mg17Al12相的分布更加均匀弥散;重熔层深度与等离子束的电流大小有关,电流越大,熔凝层越深;重熔层的显微硬度(105～125 HV0.1)明显高于基体的显微硬度(60～70 HV0.1),拉伸断口细致,有塑性变形痕迹以及由细小均匀韧窝组成的纤维状的撕裂痕,也有明显的晶粒拔出痕迹,等离子重熔处理有利于提高AZ91D镁合金的表面耐磨性和强度。     

触变注射成形AZ91D的固溶和时效热处理

对触变注射成形AZ91D固溶和时效处理后的组织和硬度变化进行了研究.结果表明,固溶处理过程中,溶质扩散、溶解和固溶体熟化相继发生.而固溶体的硬度受固溶强化的影响,随固溶温度的升高而升高.时效处理过程中,β-Mg17Al12首先在α-Mg的晶界处非连续析出,随后在α-Mg晶内连续析出.受沉淀强化影响,α-Mg的硬度值随着时效时间的延长和时效温度的提高逐渐增大.     

稀土钇对AZ80镁合金微观组织和性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM),金相显微镜(OM),X射线衍射(XRD),拉伸试验及腐蚀失重等测试手段对添加不同含量稀土钇对AZ80镁合金微观组织和性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明,适量钇的添加使得AZ80镁合金的组织得到细化,β-Mg17 Al12相的数量显著下降,并且由连续网状分布变为断续、均匀分布,同时生成新的稀土相Al2Y。添加0.5%Y时,合金室温下抗拉强度达到199.286 MPa,伸长率为6.155%,分别增加了7.49%,7.98%,腐蚀速率为0.2585 mg.cm-2.d-1,仅为原始合金的48.07%,表现较好的综合性能。