电场烧结法制备纳米复相Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe永磁块体材料

采用电场烧结法制备出纳米复相Nd10．5Dy0．5Fe76．9Nb1Co586．1永磁块体，研究了电场烧结温度对其磁性能和抗压强度的影响，采用XRD，SEM等方法分别对其相结构、显微组织进行了分析。结果表明：非晶合金压制成型后，经823K，300S电场烧结制得的纳米晶永磁块体具有最佳磁性能：Br=0．6498T，Hcj=714kA／m，（BH）max=63kJ／m^3。随着烧结温度的升高，块体的抗压强度增加。     

注射成型烧结永磁铁氧体辐射环的制备及脱脂工艺研究

应用粉末注射成型(PIM)烧结技术制备了锶铁氧体辐射环,并对其微观组织、磁性能、脱脂及烧结工艺进行了研究.结果表明,粉末注射成型样品采用溶剂脱脂、热脱脂和烧结工艺处理后,得到的辐向取向永磁环脆性降低,开裂明显减少,环形保持良好.其密度达到4.89 g/cm3,磁性能参量如下:剩余磁感应强度Br为0.398 T,内禀矫顽力Hcj为236.8 kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max为29.2 kJ/m3,该磁性能水平与传统粉末冶金磁体的磁性能相当,将注射成型烧结技术应用于永磁铁氧体的制备具有很好的应用前景.     

CuAl掺杂对烧结MM-Fe-B磁体的性能和微观结构的影响

利用混合稀土金属(MM=La,Ce,Pr,Nd)制备的MM-Fe-B磁体,矫顽力Hcj较低,因此研究添加不同含量的CuAl以及不同退火温度两种条件对MM-Fe-B烧结磁体的磁性能和微观结构的影响。研究发现,添加CuAl使磁体去交换耦合作用增强,改善了富MM相与主相的浸润性,细化晶粒。在添加质量分数CuAl为0.25%,且退火温度达到470℃时磁性能达到最优,Br=0.944T、Hcj=164.0kA/m和(BH)max=80.6kJ/m3,其中矫顽力Hcj变化最大,与未添加CuAl磁体矫顽力Hcj相比,增长率为44.1%。     

33UH高矫顽力烧结NdFeB材料的制备

针对永磁电机对磁钢的特殊要求，通过采用重稀土取代轻烯土，减少氧含量且低温长时间细晶粒液相烧结技术制备33UH高矫顽力烧结NdFeB材料，经测试其静态性能指标同时达到Br≥1.15T(11.5kG),Hcj≥200kA/m(25.0kOe),(BH)max≥256kJ/m^3(32MGOe).     

放电等离子烧结-热变形技术制备NdFeB永磁材料

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法烧结HDDRNdFeB粉末,研究烧结温度对制备NdFeB永磁材料密度和磁性能的影响。随着烧结温度在650～900℃范围内升高,剩磁、内禀矫顽力及最大磁能积均呈现先升后降的趋势。800℃烧结所获得磁体的磁性能最佳:Br=0.78T,Hcj=577kA/m,(BH)max=78kJ/m3,其致密度达到了99%。微观组织、XRD图谱及磁性能均表明800℃烧结的磁体出现了一定程度的各向异性。900℃烧结时,晶粒长大明显。进而选择具有最佳磁性能的磁体在800℃进行热变形(HD)处理,制备出各向异性磁体。热变形制备的磁体中,大部分晶粒为扁平片状且c轴取向与热压方向一致;少量异常长大晶粒会使细小Nd2Fe14B晶粒的c轴偏离压力方向。各向异性磁体沿c轴的磁性能为:Br=1.09T,Hcj=384kA/m,(BH)max=114kJ/m3。     

固化条件对粘结复合磁体磁性能和抗压强度的影响

采用流动温压成型方法制备各向同性粘结NdFeB/锶铁氧体复合磁体,并研究了不同固化条件对磁体磁性能及抗压强度的影响。结果表明,直接在电阻炉中固化的磁体抗压强度最好,在氩气保护的环境下固化有助于提高磁体磁性能,当磁体在氩气保护的环境下于180℃时固化120min时获得了最佳的性能:剩磁Br=0.52T,内禀矫顽力Hcj=740.48kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max=39.82kJ/m3,抗压强度σbc=185.98MPa。     

添加Ti和C对NdPrFeB合金厚带晶化及磁性能的影响(英文)

系统研究了添加Ti和C对NdPrFeB合金厚带晶化过程及磁性能的影响。结果表明,Ti的添加可以抑制合金中(Nd,Pr)2Fe23B3亚稳相的生成并细化晶粒从而极大地提高矫顽力;而同时添加Ti和C,随着C含量的增加,矫顽力逐渐降低而剩磁升高。最佳热处理后(Nd0.4Pr0.6)9Fe72Ti4B11C4合金的磁性能达到Jr为0.88T,Hcj为618kA/m,(BH)max为109.8kJ/m3。     

Effect of Doping of Ti and C on Crystallization and Magnetic Properties of NdPrFeB Thick Melt-Spun Ribbons

系统研究了添加Ti和C对NdPrFeB合金厚带晶化过程及磁性能的影响。结果表明,Ti的添加可以抑制合金中(Nd,Pr)2Fe23B3亚稳相的生成并细化晶粒从而极大地提高矫顽力;而同时添加Ti和C,随着C含量的增加,矫顽力逐渐降低而剩磁升高。最佳热处理后(Nd0.4Pr0.6)9Fe72Ti4B11C4合金的磁性能达到Jr为0.88T,Hcj为618kA/m,(BH)max为109.8kJ/m3。     

纳米晶复合Nd10Fe80-xNbxB10(x=0~6)永磁合金的磁性能

采用熔体快淬法制备成分为Nd10Fe80-xNbxB10(x=0～6)的非晶条带,退火处理后得到纳米晶复合永磁合金。利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)分析该合金系的磁性能和软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用。结果表明,适量的Nb元素的添加可以使软、硬磁性相的晶粒细化,从而有效地增强合金中软、硬磁性相间的交换耦合作用,进而提高合金的综合磁性能。当Nb含量为4at%时,制得的合金条带具有最佳的综合磁性能:Hcj=936.02kA/m,Br=0.91T,(BH)max=125.86kJ/m3。     

HDDR法制备NdFeB永磁体的高矫顽力研究

采用X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜和BH测试仪分别研究HDDR法制备的NdFeB永磁体微结构、晶粒表面形貌及其磁性能。结果表明,HDDR法制备的磁粉再经1080 ℃高温真空烧结所获得的NdFeB永磁体,主要由四方相Nd2Fe14B（P42/mnm）和少量的富稀土相构成,扫描电镜相片显示主相平均晶粒尺寸约为12.3 μm;采用Horta法计算得到样品（006）晶面的极密度因子约为3.5,表明该样品具有较高的c轴取向;不同温度下退磁曲线研究表明,室温下合金有较好的磁性能：磁能积 (BH)max=264 kJ/m3,剩磁Br=1.17 T,矫顽力达到Hcj=2038 kA/m;随温度的升高,磁性能各参数都单调下降,特别是矫顽力降低最为显著,从295 K升温到448 K过程中其值下降了1496 kA/m;Hc(T)/Ms(T)与H(T)/Ms(T)(Kronmüller-Plot)关系曲线研究表明,该合金的矫顽力机制为畴成核反转机制,其中微磁参数αk和Neff分别为1.39和1.75,是决定该合金高矫顽力的关键因素。     

脉冲磁场致非晶合金纳米晶化及巨磁阻抗研究

对Co68.15Fe4.35Si12.5B15非晶合金薄带进行低频脉冲磁场处理,M?ssbauer谱分析及透射电镜(TEM)观察结果表明,样品发生了初始纳米晶化,晶化量与磁脉冲强度有关。采用巨磁阻抗(简称GMI)测量仪测量样品GMI,结果显示GMI与脉冲磁场强度HP呈非单调变化规律,HP为350 kA·m-1时样品具有最大GMI,其值为263.5%。磁脉冲在样品内感生的横向各向异性对GMI效应产生影响,当外加直流磁场Hex等于感生磁各向异性场Hk时,GMI出现峰值     

放电等离子烧结NdFeB的晶界结构与矫顽力

选取Nd11Dy2Gd2FebalAl4.0Nb0.8Zr0.8B6/Dy2O3磁粉采用放电等离子烧结技术制备各向异性磁体。微观组织和磁性能研究表明,烧结温度对磁体中晶界相的分布形态起决定作用。样品经870 ℃,12 min (40 MPa)放电等离子烧结及后续970 ℃, 2 h + 600 ℃, 1 h二级回火后,致密度达到7.39 g/cm3,剩磁达到1.08 T,矫顽力达到1181 kA·m-1。与同成分的传统烧结磁体相比较,放电等离子烧结磁体中晶界相分布不连续、晶界相中的稀土元素相对含量因烧损而显著下降以及晶界结构存在一定程度的不平衡等问题,都导致磁体的矫顽力较低。     

Enhancing magnetic properties of anisotropic NdDyFeCoNbCuB powder by applying magnetic field at high temperature during hydrogen desorption

Anisotropic powder was prepared with precursor (NdDy)-(FeCoNbCu)-B sintered magnets by hydrogen decrepitation, desorption, and subsequent annealing treatment. The hydrogen desorption was performed in magnetic fields of 0, 1, 3, and 5 T. The orientation of tetragonal phase grains of the powder was evaluated from the hysteresis loops measured by extraction magnetometer. Residual hydrogen content of the powder was evaluated by thermal-magnetic analysis. The powder with H _cj, B _r, and (BH)_max of 1138 kA·m⁻¹, 1.029 T, and 172.5 kJ·m⁻³, respectively, was achieved under the condition of the magnetic field of 3 T. Magnetic properties of the powder, especially, the remanence of the powder, are enhanced upon magnetic fields, which is due to better orientation of powder particles and less residual hydrogen in the powder resulted from the magnetic field during the hydrogen desorption process.     

FePt/Au多层膜的结构和磁性能研究

采用磁控溅射在SiO2<0001>基片上制备了FePt(2nm)/Au(tnm)多层膜,将其在不同温度下进行热处理。利用X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计和原子力显微镜对样品的结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明,沉积态样品具有超晶格结构,fccFePt和Au共格生长。经过较低温度热处理后,样品仍然保持超晶格结构。样品经400℃热处理后,开始发生有序化转变。经600℃热处理后,平行于膜面和垂直于膜面的矫顽力分别为811.7和829.2kA·m-1。当t=2.5nm时,最有利于L10-FePt相的形成。在磁化过程中,畴壁移动和磁矩转动机制共存。样品经热处理后,形成了均匀的薄膜。     

Preparation and spectroscopic, and thermal decomposition kinetic studies of europium（Ⅲ） complex [Eu（HNBD）3] （HNBD： 1-（6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl）-1,3-butanedione）

The complex of Eu（IH） with 1-（6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl）- 1,3-butanedione （HNBD） was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The IR and UV-visible spectra showed that Eu（Ⅲ） ion was coordinated to the HNBD ligand. The fluorescence spectrum showed the presence of Eu^3＋ characteristic emission. The TG-DTA-DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous complex was a two-stage process and the final residue was Eu2O3. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of the complex were evaluated from TG-DTG data by using three kinds of integral methods （Coat-Redfem equation, Horowitz and Metzger equation, Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan equation）. The kinetic parameters of the first stage are E^＊ = 164.02 kJ.moll, A = 1.31 × 10^15 s^-l, AS^＊= 42.27 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 159.51 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 136.54 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 3.1, those of the second stage are E^＊= 128.52 kJ·mol^-l, A = 1.44× 106 s^-1, △S^＊= - 136.89 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 120.41 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 283.85 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 1.1.     

复合钙钛矿型Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3陶瓷作为热障涂层陶瓷层材料的性能评价

以BaCO₃、ZnO、Ta₂O₅为原料,采用固相反应法制备了Ba(Zn_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃(BZT)陶瓷材料。对BZT的物相结构、高温相稳定性、热导率、热膨胀系数和喷涂工艺适应性进行表征研究,并与同类Ba(Mg_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃(BMT)、Ba(Ni_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃(BNT)和Ba(Sr_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃(BST)对比,以评价BZT作为热障涂层陶瓷层材料的应用潜力。结果表明,BZT在室温至1500℃内无相变,且经1600℃长时处理48 h后不分解,表现出良好的高温相稳定性;在1200℃,BZT的热导率仅为1.65 W·m^-1·K^-1,明显低于BMT(2.57 W·m^-1·K     

Optimization of a hot deformation process of the 3003 aluminum alloy by processing maps

Hot deformation behavior of the 3003 Al alloy was investigated by conducting hot compression tests at various temperatures (300?C500 °C) and strain rates (0.0l?C10.0 s^?1). A constitutive equation was established to describe the flow behavior. The apparent activation energy of the 3003 Al alloy was determined to be 174.62 kJ·mol^?1, which is higher than that for self-diffusion in pure Al (165 kJ·mol^?1). Processing maps at a strain of 0.6 for hot working were developed on a dynamic materials model. The maps exhibit a flow instability domain at about 300?C380 °C and 1.0?C10.0 s^?1. Dynamic recrystallization occurs extensively in the temperature range of 450?C500 °C and at the strain rate of 10.0 s^?1. The optimum parameters of hot working for the 3003 Al alloy are confined at 500 °C and 10.0 s^?1 with the highest efficiency (37%).     

Fabrication and magnetic properties of NiFe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanorods

NiFe₂O₄ nanorods have been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment of the rod-like precursor fabricated by Ni-doped α-FeOOH, which was enwrapped by the complex of citric acid and Ni²⁺. The morphology evolution during the calcination of the precursor nanorods was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the phase and the magnetic properties of samples were analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicated that the diameter of the NiFe₂O₄ nanorods obtained ranged between 30 and 50 nm, and the length ranged between 2 and 3 μm. As the calcination temperature was up to 600°C, the coercivity, saturation magnetization, and remanent magnetization of the samples were 36.1 kA·m⁻¹, 27.2 A·m²·kg⁻¹, and 5.3 A·m²·kg⁻¹, respectively. The NiFe₂O₄ nanorods prepared have higher shape anisotropy and superior magnetic properties than those with irregular shapes.     

PVP对FePt纳米颗粒磁性能的影响

以乙酰丙酮铁(Fe(acac)3)和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O)作为Fe源和Pt源,硼氢化钠(NaBH4)作为还原剂,PVP作为表面活性剂,通过化学还原法制备出单分散的FePt纳米颗粒,研究PVP对FePt纳米颗粒磁性能的影响。通过X射线衍射(XRD)仪,透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对纳米颗粒进行表征。结果表明:PVP修饰的FePt纳米颗粒为面心立方(fcc)结构,形状近似球形且分散性良好,矫顽力为零,呈超顺磁性。当PVP与Fe(acac)3的比例为7:1时,经600℃热处理保温30min,FePt纳米颗粒从无序的fcc结构转变为有序的fct结构,矫顽力最大,可达5460A·m-1。     

Kinetics of simultaneous leaching of Ag and Pb from hydrometallurgical zinc residues by chloride

The leaching kinetics of silver and lead simultaneously from zinc residue by chloride was investigated.The effects of stirring speed,temperature,sodium chloride concentration,particle size and liquid/solid ratio on Ag and Pb dissolution in sodium chloride were studied.It was determined that the dissolution rates increased with increasing sodium chloride concentration,temperature and decreasing particle size.The dissolution kinetics followed a shrinking core model,with inter-diffusion through gangue layer as the rate determining step.This finding is in accordance with the apparent activation energy(Ea)of 26.8 kJ.mol-1(Ag)and 26.5 kJ.mo1-1(Pb),and a linear relationship between the rate constant and the reciprocal of squared particle size.The orders of reaction with respect to sodium chloride concentration,temperature and particle size were also achieved.The rate of reaction based on diffusion-controlled process can be expressed by semi-empirical equations.