盐酸胍-MCI-GEL体系固相萃取分离钯的研究

研究了盐酸胍-MCI-GEL体系固相萃取分离钯的行为。结果表明,在稀盐酸介质中,MCI-GEL树脂能够吸附钯(II)与盐酸胍形成的离子缔合物,最佳吸附条件为:nGCl:nPd(II)=1,盐酸浓度0.05mol/L,过柱流速5 m L/min,Pd(II)的吸附率可达99%,同时对干扰元素具有较好的选择性,体系的吸附容量为5.2 mg/g;以反方向洗脱的方式,洗脱速度为1 m L/min,3 m L由1%盐酸、20 g/L硫脲配制的洗脱剂可以将0.5 g饱和吸附的树脂上的钯完全洗脱。     

二烃基硫醚的化学结构和对金钯的萃取

二烃基硫醚是HCI溶液中萃取Au和Pd极好的萃取剂,萃取能力强,选择性高.二烃基(芳基)硫醚的萃取行为受极性和空间取代基效应的控制.分配数据表明,其萃合物组成分别为AuCl_3·R_2S和PdCl_2R_2S.     

二异戊基硫醚萃取分离钯

对原二异戊基硫醚萃取分离钯工艺进行了改进，如萃金余液性质调整，萃取剂预先除味，改变有机相、反萃剂及洗液组成以及洗水、再生液、平衡液循环使用等。试验证明，改进后的工艺明显优于二正辛基硫醚和二正己基硫醚萃取钯。     

利用SBDR固相萃取富集分离和分光光度法测定氰化渣中Pd的研究

研究了对磺酸基苯亚甲基若丹宁(SBDR)与Pd的显色反应及C18固相萃取小柱对显色络合物的固相萃取,并结合微波消化样品,提出了一种测定氰化渣中痕量Pd的方法,在pH=2.0的氯乙酸-氢氧化钠缓冲介质中,溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)存在下,SBDR与Pd反应生成21稳定络合物,λmax=535nm,ε=7.79×104L·mol-1·cm-1。Pd含量在0.01～2.0μg/mL内符合比尔定律,方法用于氰化渣中痕量Pd的测定,结果令人满意。     

硫酸介质中2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯萃取镁的机理

研究了用2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯-仲辛醇-磺化煤油组成的有机相从硫酸介质中萃取镁的行为, 考察了水相pH值、萃取剂和SO2-4浓度等因素对萃取的影响, 并采用斜率法和红外光谱法确定了萃合物的组成及萃取平衡的机理. 结果表明 镁的萃取随平衡pH值的增大而显著提高, 亦随萃取剂浓度增大而增加, 且与SO2-4浓度无关, 萃取过程的机理为阳离子交换机理, 萃合物为MgA2*3HA, 表观萃取平衡常数KMg=10-6.73.     

亚砜萃取钯铂的研究进展

本文回顾了国内外有关亚砜萃取钯和铂的3个主要研究领域:萃取性能与亚砜结构的关系、萃取机理及萃合物结构和亚砜萃取钯铂的理论研究.作者认为以量子化学为手段,在分子水平上研究亚砜萃取剂的结构与性能关系和萃取机理,是一条切实可行的研究途径.     

合成亚砜BSO萃取分离钯铂的性能研究

对合成亚砜BSO萃取Pd(Ⅱ)、Pt(Ⅳ)性能的研究表明,在不同酸度下BSO对Pd(Ⅱ)均有优异的萃取性能,而只有在高酸度介质里BSO对Pt(Ⅳ)有较高的萃取能力.在低酸度下利用BSO对Pd(Ⅱ)、Pt(Ⅳ)萃取性能的差异,能很好地萃取分离Pd(Ⅱ)、Pt(Ⅳ);也可以在高酸度下共萃Pd(Ⅱ)、Pt(Ⅳ),再利用水反萃Pt(Ⅳ),达到分离Pd(Ⅱ)、Pt(Ⅳ)的目的.     

合成亚砜BSO萃取钯铂机理研究

研究了合成亚砜BSO萃取Pd、Pt、Cu、Fe和Ni的性能.结果表明低酸度时,Pd2 几乎完全被萃取,其它金属的萃取率极低.钯易于从Pt、Cu、Fe和Ni金属中分离出来,且反萃容易.利用红外光谱研究了BSO萃取Pd和Pt的机理.低酸度时,在钯萃合物的红外光谱中,出现2个新的吸收峰(1122和931cm-1),表明BSO通过硫和氧原子以中性配位机理萃取钯;高酸度时,没有新的红外吸收峰出现,表明BSO以离子缔合机理萃取钯.BSO以离子缔合方式萃取铂.     

双(正-辛基亚磺酰)乙烷-乙酸丁酯萃取体系分离富集钯、铂

本文研究了KSCN存在的条件下双（正－辛基亚磺酰）乙烷（简称BOSE）－乙酸丁酯体系萃取Pd,Pt的行为。实验结果表明，利用1－2mol/H HCl介质可以进行Pd,Pt的定量分离。本法应用于合成矿样的Pd,Pt分离富集，结果令人满意。     

2—乙基己基膦酸单（2—乙基己基）酯—Mn萃合物的研究

通过固态萃合物2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(HEH(EH)P,HA)-Mn的制备,对单烷基膦酸酯萃取二价Mn离子的萃合物组成及萃取机理进行了研究。结果表明:萃合物为不含水分子,组成为MnA_2,属高旋弱场配合物;认为萃合物为四面体结构。     

溶剂萃取分离钯研究进展

溶剂萃取法是分离富集贵金属有效方法,近年来国内外展开了许多研究报道,本文对溶剂萃取分离钯的研究进展进行综述,主要从传统含硫萃取剂、喹啉、肟类萃取剂、含磷萃取剂、含氮萃取剂以及新型“绿色溶剂”离子液体和疏水低共熔溶剂等几个方面进行了综述,重点介绍近年合成的新型萃取剂对钯的萃取进展,并对一些新的方法做了评述以及在溶剂萃取分离钯的应用方面做了展望。     

Simulated small-scale pilot heap leaching of low-grade copper sulfide ore with selective extraction of copper

The bioleaching of low-grade copper sulfide ore and the selective extraction of copper were investigated. Lix984 dissolved in kerosene was used as extractant. The results show that it is possible to selectively leach copper from the ores by heap leaching. The copper concentration of leaching liquor after 250 d is 2.17 g/L, and the copper concentration is 0.27 g/L after solvent extraction. The leach liquor was subjected to solvent extraction, scrubbing and selective stripping for the enrichment of copper and the removal of impurities. The pregnant copper sulfate solution produced from the stripping cycle is suitable for copper electro-winning.     

Solid phase mechanochemical synthesis of polyaniline branched nanofibers

A polyaniline supramolecular structure composed of polyaniline nanofibers, has been prepared by a simple solid-state mechanochemical reaction and template-free method. XRD analysis confirmed the good crystallinity of the product, and FTIR and UV–vis analysis indicated that the product was a highly doped emeraldine salt. Electrochemical cyclic voltammetry confirmed the electrocatalytic effect of the branched nanofiber to dopamine and hydroquinone. The growth mechanism of the unique supramolecular structure in mechanochemical reaction was discussed, together with the effect of the crystalline water of the oxidant.     

Formation and phase separation during the smelting of sulfide raw materials

This paper discusses the most recent developments made at the Gintsvetmet Institute in technologies and equipment for single-stage autogenous smelting of copper sulfide raw materials to produce white metal and blister copper. In particular, the oxygen-flame smelting process and separation of highly basic calcium-containing slags are considered. This technology includes the oxygen-flame smelting process (KFP Process) to produce highly basic self-disintegrating ferrite-calcium slags with their subsequent flotation to recover copper. Also included is a sparging smelting process (FBP Process) to produce combined slags subjected to decopperizing inside the same furnace. Results of special investigations of the slag structure obtained in the KFP and FBP processes and substantiating selection of their chemical and phase composition are presented. These processes meet stringent requirements for advanced technologies with respect to energy conservation and environmental safety with different scales of production and within a wide range of specific conditions of particular operations.     

Effect of the sulfide phase on the properties of steel after heat treatment

Conclusion For steels obtained by electroslag remelting, which are characterized by low sulfur content, it was discovered that their mechanical properties can be changed by controlling the shape and distribution of inclusions of the nonmetallic phase, viz., manganese sulfides, during heat treatment. Increased purity of steel and the attendant reduction of the size of sulfides has the result that they can dissolve during relatively low heating which is often used in production for carrying out plastic deformation.It should be noted that when the cooling regimes are varied, there occur changes of morphology and of the distribution of inclusions almost in the entire temperatrue range of the existence of stable austenite. The values of impact toughness are directly dependent on the nature of the segregation of sulfides in heat treatment, regardless of renewed heating which is accompanied by recrystallization of the steel. Consequently, with steels obtained by electroslag remelting it is important to control not only the regimes of final treatment but also the temperature of the initial heating, the cooling rate, and also a possible delay of cooling in the austenitic range at the preliminary stage of heat treatment.Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Scientific Center. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 11, pp. 15–19, November, 1987.     

Coagulation of the sulfide phase in unalloyed transformer steel subjected to cold treatment

Karaganda State University. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 9, pp. 2–4, September, 1990.     

Changes in the grain and fine structures of palladium as a result of hydrogen phase naklep

Changes in the grain and fine structures of palladium that occur after the occurrence of reverse β → α hydride phase transformation in the metal are studied. It is shown that hydrogen treatment does not change the microstructure of palladium but strongly affects its fine structure. __________ Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 3, pp. 49–54, March, 2007.     

O相合金Ti-22Al-25Nb固态扩散连接

用热-力学模拟试验机Gleeble 1500D进行O相合金Ti-22A1-25Nb的固态扩散连接。结果表明：当连接温度和连接压强分别不低于970℃和7MPa以及保温时间不短于30min时,能获得界面结合致密的接头;当连接温度高于1000℃时,B2基体相明显粗化,且O相明显减少：当连接温度、压强和保温时间分别为1020℃、7MPa和30min时,接头室温和650℃的拉伸强度分别为925 MPa和654 MPa;当连接温度不高于1000℃的接头,拉伸断裂大部分发生在结合界面;当连接温度高于1000℃时,则断裂主要发生在近界面母材中。关键词：O相合金：扩散连接：界面结合;接头强度     

水相添加表面活性剂CTAB对TBP萃取低浓度金的影响

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