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本文通过对严寒和寒冷地区的六个典型小城镇的居民住宅采暖形式进行实地问卷调查,掌握了当地住宅建筑特点、采暖形式、居民经济状况和生活习惯等影响居民采暖的因素,利用统计分析软件分析得到影响小城镇居民采暖形式选择的主要因素。 相似文献
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本文对国内外已有的针对住宅厨房室内空气品质的研究进行了综述,分析了目前我国住宅厨房室内空气品质现状,并且介绍了室内空气品质问题的来源及危害。从室外污染源和室内污染源两个角度论述了影响住宅厨房室内空气品质的因素。结合目前我国住宅厨房普遍存在的问题,提出了相对应的室内空气品质改善的方法,对后续厨房建设以及室内空气品质的提升具有重要意义。 相似文献
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2005年9月9日,“小城镇绿色住宅产业技术研究与开发”子项4“小城镇住宅室内污染源检测技术研究”的研究成果在北京通过了专家鉴定。鉴定会由中国石油和化学工业协会主持,课题主持单位中国建筑设计研究院、课题合作单位中化化工科学技术研究总院和天津军事医学科学院的课题组成员出席了本次鉴定会。小城镇住宅室内污染源检测技术完全针对小城镇住宅室内低浓度污染物的特点、小城镇技术服务特点和半径开发,适用于小城镇住宅室内空气的卫生监测和污染源检测,并为开展小城镇室内空气污染源的低价、快速检测及相应治理提供了必要手段和技术支撑… 相似文献
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《Planning》2016,(6)
目的了解烟台市新装修住宅室内空气质量及对居民健康的影响,为室内空气污染控制提供科学依据。方法随机选择烟台市区内50户新装修完并入住的住宅作为研究对象,检测指标为甲醛、苯系物(苯、甲苯和二甲苯)和总挥发性有机物(TVOC)。按室内空气质量标准(GB/T 18883-2002)对各种污染物进行评价。结果监测结果显示室内空气中甲醛、苯系物和总挥发性有机物存在不同程度的超标现象,其中甲醛超标尤为严重,最大超标7.8倍,卧室中的污染物超标普遍高于其他房间。结论烟台市新装修住宅室内空气污染存在不同程度的超标。 相似文献
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车内空气品质的灰色关联分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出了汽车室内空气品质的概念,总结了影响汽车室内空气品质的因素,将灰色系统理论思想引入到汽车室内空气品质评价,计算不同车型车内各VOC污染物与室内空气质量标准的灰色关联度,揭示了新旧车辆的不同污染状况规律.通过算例表明:该方法简单快捷,评价客观可靠,具有很强的实用性和经济性. 相似文献
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通过对重庆地区农村住宅的实地调研和对农村典型住宅室内外温度的连续监测,获得农村住宅的主要围护结构类型及典型农村住宅供暖季与空调季的室内、外热环境状况,利用重庆地区自然通风适应性热舒适性评价模型进行分析。在现有农村住宅围护结构热工性能条件下,供暖季室内温度达到舒适范围的有0 d,空调季有73 d;室内热环境状况差,冬季保温要求比夏季隔热要求更高。在供暖空调设备典型运行模式下,以调研数据为基础,借助DeST-h软件对农村典型住宅供暖空调能耗进行模拟,获得了农村住宅单位建筑面积供暖空调设备耗电量。 相似文献
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基于西北村镇传统单体建筑能源利用率低、室内空气质量差的现状,将传统建筑的供能系统改为冬季主要由太阳能热水系统为室内供暖且为住户提供生活热水,并对建筑室内空气质量进行试验测试,测试结果得到:室内SO_2、NO_2、CO含量的1 h平均值,TVOC含量的8 h平均值,CO_2、PM_(10)含量的日平均值、室内风速和室内空气相对湿度在试验周期内都符合GB/T 18883—2002《室内空气质量标准》的相关规定,室内温度平均值在太阳能热水系统供暖期间符合GB/T 50824—2013《农村居住建筑节能设计标准》的相关规定;经综合指数对室内空气质量进行评价,得出太阳能热水系统供能的西北村镇单体建筑空气质量级别属于Ⅱ级,空气质量评价结果为未污染。 相似文献
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为全面改善农村住宅热湿环境,调查研究了重庆农村住宅常用地面在春夏季节的热湿状态。对农村住宅的调查和典型住宅地面的现场实测显示,农村住宅室内地面潮湿现象普遍,水泥地面的潮湿比例最高,6月份室内空气和地面的湿度最大,室内地面温度比空气温度低2℃左右,在潮湿天气,修建较早的住宅室内地面凝结时数比例接近60%。结果表明,农村住宅地面的热湿状态亟待改善。 相似文献
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改善重庆住宅热环境质量的研究 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14
对重庆住宅室内热环境状况进行了调查与实测,建立了室内热环境模拟与评价模型,利用该模型并结合计算机模拟技术,对改善住宅室内热环境的措施进行了系统分析。在此基础上,提出了重庆地区住宅热舒适性指标,为重庆地区住宅节能工作的开展提供了技术支持。 相似文献
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The indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in residential buildings is examined from the prospect of an occupant's acceptance in four aspects: thermal comfort, indoor air quality, noise level and illumination level. Based on the evaluations by 125 occupants living in 32 typical residential apartments in Hong Kong, this study proposes empirical expressions to approximate the overall IEQ acceptance with respect to four contributors, namely operative temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, equivalent noise level and illumination level, via a multivariate logistic regression model. A range of IEQ acceptances for regular residential conditions is determined and the dependence of the predicted overall IEQ acceptance on the variations of the contributors is discussed. The proposed overall IEQ acceptance can be used as a quantitative assessment criterion for similar residential environments where an occupant's evaluation is expected. 相似文献
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《建筑节能》2016,(9)
More and more studies reported that there were insufficient ventilation and excessive CO_2 concentration in air-conditioned residential buildings, but few solutions were provided. This study investigates the overnight evolution of CO_2 concentration in air-conditioned residential buildings and then focuses mainly on the evaluation of three ventilation strategies, including overnight natural ventilation, short-term mechanical ventilation and short-term natural ventilation. On-site measurements were conducted in a typical residential bedroom in Hong Kong in September. The indoor and outdoor CO_2 concentration, air temperature and relative humidity as well as the outdoor wind speed during the measurements were analysed. Ventilation rates were calculated based on the time series of CO_2 concentration. This study confirms that additional ventilation is usually needed in air-conditioned residential buildings. Overnight natural ventilation with even a small opening is associated with excessive energy consumption and deteriorated indoor thermal environment. Short-term natural ventilation strategies are inefficient and uncontrollable. Compared to the best short-term natural ventilation strategy, a reasonably designed short-term mechanical ventilation strategy requires only a 41% of ventilation period to complete one full replacement of indoor air and to reach a lower indoor CO_2 concentration. Nighttime case studies and a theoretical analysis suggest that a few several-minute mechanical ventilation periods could potentially maintain an acceptable indoor air quality for a normal sleeping period of 8 h. 相似文献
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Window opening behavior has significant influences on indoor environment and energy consumption in residential buildings.
As a response to indoor environment, the control mechanism (window and interior door open/closed) should be studied first
by comprehensive understanding of the variation of indoor environmental conditions. For this reason, a field measurement of
environmental conditions was carried out in five representative apartments in Beijing from April to May in 2010. By comparison
analyses of the field measurement results, major findings are as follows: (1) the concentration of room CO2 can be the best predictor of occupant behavior, also window opening behavior, in residential buildings; (2) the variation
in indoor air quality mainly results from large variation in window opening behavior; (3) apart from indoor and outdoor thermal
environment, indoor air quality as well as occupants’ presence at room have also considerable effect on window opening behavior;
(4) while defining window opening behavior for one room in residential building, it is necessary to take the window adjustment
of its connecting room and the adjustment of the connecting door into consideration due to air diffusion between the two connecting
rooms. 相似文献
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论述了室内空气品质问题的由来和定义,分析了常见室内污染物,并对室内空气品质控制措施进行了探讨,以提高室内空气品质,为人们提供舒适、健康的室内生活环境。 相似文献
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从车外温度与湿度、车内热、湿负荷两方面分析对比了重庆市跨坐式单轨车辆在运行环境上与地铁车辆的差异,探讨了影响车内空气品质的因素,对车厢室内环境舒适性进行了评价,提出了改善空调列车室内空气品质的措施,以供参考。 相似文献