聚硅硫酸铁的合成及性能研究

探讨了聚硅硫酸铁的合成路径,确定了最佳n(Si)/n(Fe)（物质的量比）,最佳活化温度,最佳活化时间。通过性能测试,证明聚硅硫酸铁是比聚合硫酸性能更优良的絮凝剂。     

聚硅硫酸铁的制备及性能研究

本文研究了无机高分子复合絮凝剂聚硅硫酸铁(PFSiS)的制备与絮凝性能.以FeSO4·7H2O为原料,采用H2O2一步氧化法制备聚合硫酸铁,再向其中加入聚硅酸(Psi),制得聚硅酸硫酸铁新型无机高分子絮凝剂.经过探索性实验,寻找主要的影响因素并设计正交实验,得出了最佳工艺条件为:Psi活化时间3h,SiO2%质量百分数为2%,Fe:SiO2摩尔比1.0,两者聚合的温度为60℃,两者熟化的时间为4h,聚硅硫酸铁(PFSiS)体系pH值为1.0.     

聚硅硫酸铁混凝处理煤泥水试验研究

研究了新型无机高分子混凝剂──聚硅硫酸铁对高岭土模拟水样、洗煤水、矿井水的混凝除浊效果。结果表明，聚硅硫酸铁中的铁与二氧化硅摩尔比值对混凝性能有重要影响，宜控制在１．０，聚硅硫酸铁对煤泥水具有良好的混凝除浊效果。     

聚硅硫酸铁絮凝剂的制备和性能研究

无机高分子絮凝剂作为一类新型水处理剂近年来得到了快速发展。采用硅酸钠、硫酸铁等为原料,制备了聚硅硫酸铁（PFSS）絮凝剂,并以印染废水为对象对其絮凝效果进行了研究。主要考察了SiO2浓度、Fe／Si物质的量比、聚硅酸（Ps）活化时间、聚硅酸（PS）与聚硫酸铁（PFS）聚合温度、聚合pH值等因素对产品絮凝性能的影响。结果表明,在SiO2浓度为1．096、Fe／Si物质的量比为0．5、聚硅酸（PS）活化时间为3h、聚硅酸（PS）与聚硫酸铁（PFS）聚合温度为60℃,聚合pH值为1．5条件下制备的聚硅硫酸铁对废水絮凝效果最好,浊度脱除率达到88．9％,废水的COD去除率达到80．9％。     

含硼聚硅硫酸铁的制备及絮凝效果研究

以硅酸钠、硫酸铁和四硼酸钠为原料，制备了无机高分子絮凝剂含硼聚硅硫酸铁（PFSSB），研究了PF—SSB的制备工艺条件、PFSSB投加量和废水pH对PFSSB絮凝效果的影响。结果表明，当制备工艺条件为：二氧化硅质量分数为3％，活化时间为30min，活化的pH为3，铁与硅物质的量比为0、50，硼与硅物质的量比为0．40时，得到的PFSSB具有最好的性能，用其处理高COD、高浊度工业废水，絮凝效果明显优于聚合硫酸铁（PFS）。     

聚硅硫酸铁的制备及性能研究

以硅酸钠、硫酸铁为原料制备了无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS)，确定了最佳制备条件，并实验了它的混凝除浊性能及印染废水COD的去除率，结果表明：PFSS具有良好的混凝除浊性能，印染废水COD的去除率比较高，是一种比PFS性能更优良的絮凝剂。     

聚硅硫酸铁的制备及对生猪养殖废水磷酸盐去除的研究

为了解决生猪养殖污水磷排放量超标问题，制备了一种高效混凝剂聚硅硫酸铁，并开展对生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐的去除研究。实验分别制备聚合硫酸铁和聚硅酸并将其按不同物质的量比例混合制备聚硅硫酸铁，探究了混凝剂种类、混凝剂投加量、助凝剂投加量以及pH值对生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐去除率的影响。结果表明：Si/Fe物质的量比为0.6的聚硅硫酸铁的混凝效果最佳，当聚硅硫酸铁投加量为30 mL/L,助凝剂投加量为25 mL/L,初始pH值为8时，磷酸盐去除效果最佳，去除率达99.4%。本研究结果对实现生猪养殖废水中磷酸盐的高效去除和污水的达标排放具有重要的现实意义。     

用铁矿石制备含硼聚硅硫酸铁及混凝性能研究

以铁矿石为主要原料,通过煅烧酸浸法制备出硫酸铁,再以硫酸铁、硅酸钠和四硼酸钠为原料,制备了无机高分子混凝剂含硼聚硅硫酸铁(PFSSB)。研究了PFSSB的制备工艺条件以及PFSSB投加量和废水pH对PFSSB的混凝效果的影响。结果表明:当二氧化硅质量分数为3%、活化时间为40 min、活化pH为3、铁与硅物质的量比为0.50、硼与硅物质的量比为0.50时,得到的PFSSB具有最好的性能,用其处理高COD、高浊度工业废水,混凝效果明显优于聚合硫酸铁(PFS)。     

新型硅系混凝剂用于污水除磷

在3套处理生活污水的间歇式试验装置内,比较了两种投加方式下聚硅硫酸铁和聚硅氯化铝的除磷性能.结果表明,当混凝剂投加质量浓度在10～50 ms/L时,聚硅硫酸铁对TP和COD的去除效果均优于聚硅氯化铝,而当投加质量浓度低于50mg/L时,聚硅硫酸铁对TP的去除具有生物协同作用.适用于好氧生物反应器除磷.     

均匀设计法研究聚硅硫酸铁制备条件

聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS)作为一种新型的无机絮凝剂，保留了硅、铁各自的优点，同时具有吸附．架桥、粘附卷扫、沉析网捕等作用，显著提高了絮凝效能和稳定性。铁盐又克服了铝盐絮凝剂处理后水中残留铝对人体健康的影响。木文将均匀设计法应用于聚硅硫酸铁的复合共聚制备研究中，并对实验结果进行了多元回归分析，得到了PFSS的最显著影响因素和最佳制备条件，     

The role of activating solution concentration on alkali–silica reaction in alkali-activated fly ash concrete

To enable commercial use of alkali-activated fly ash concrete, its durability must be better understood. Alkali–silica reaction is a primary concern since highly alkaline solutions are generally used for activation. This study investigated the effect of NaOH activating solution concentration on pore solution alkalinity and subsequent alkali–silica reaction in alkali-activated fly ash concrete. It was found that pore solution alkalinity increased with increasing activating solution NaOH concentration, and this effect was amplified at concentrations above an optimum, defined as the concentration that resulted in the highest mortar compressive strength. Expansion of concrete prisms containing highly reactive fine aggregate and activating solution concentrations above the optimum concentration was approximately three times that of concrete with optimum activating solution concentrations, but only about 5% of the expansion observed in the ordinary portland cement control. The low expansion may be attributed to the low calcium levels in the alkali-activated fly ash concrete.     

A Rapid,Sensitive, and Selective Method for Quantitation of Lamprey Migratory Pheromones in River Water

The methodology of using fish pheromones, or chemical signatures, as a tool to monitor or manage species of fish is rapidly gaining popularity. Unequivocal detection and accurate quantitation of extremely low concentrations of these chemicals in natural waters is paramount to using this technique as a management tool. Various species of lamprey are known to produce a mixture of three important migratory pheromones; petromyzonol sulfate (PS), petromyzonamine disulfate (PADS), and petromyzosterol disulfate (PSDS), but presently there are no established robust methods for quantitation of all three pheromones. In this study, we report a new, highly sensitive and selective method for the rapid identification and quantitation of these pheromones in river water samples. The procedure is based on pre-concentration, followed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. The method is fast, with unambiguous pheromone determination. Practical quantitation limits of 0.25 ng/l were achieved for PS and PADS and 2.5 ng/l for PSDS in river water, using a 200-fold pre-concentration, However, lower quantitation limits can be achieved with greater pre-concentration. The methodology can be modified easily to include other chemicals of interest. Furthermore, the pre-concentration step can be applied easily in the field, circumventing potential stability issues of these chemicals.     

A Sensitive Analytical Method for Quantifying Petromyzonol Sulfate in Water as a Potential Tool for Population Monitoring of the Southern Pouched Lamprey, Geotria Australis, in New Zealand Streams

The migratory southern pouched lamprey, Geotria australis, is a culturally important fish native to New Zealand. Anecdotal evidence suggests that populations of G. australis have declined from historic levels, and presently, this species is rare in many New Zealand rivers and streams. Migratory sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) use a pheromone mixture to locate suitable spawning sites. This mixture is comprised of three steroids: petromyzonol sulfate (PS), petromyzonamine disulfate (PADS), and petromyzosterol disulfate (PSDS). We examined the migratory pheromone mixture released by G. australis ammocetes and found that they excrete predominantly PS. PADS has been detected on some occasions in low concentrations, and PSDS either is not released, or is released in extremely low concentrations. By using a recently developed sensitive mass spectrometry method, we compared passive sampling techniques against more traditional active water sampling as methods for estimating lamprey populations in local streams. Passive sampling provided quantitative data for PS from all sites surveyed, with uptake rates of 0.3 to 45.7 pg/day observed. Conversely, active sampling returned only one positive result out of 19 samples, and with a method detection limit of 2.5 × 10^-14 M, this suggests that concentrations of PS in these streams are either extremely low or variable. The combination of passive sampling and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry is a promising tool for monitoring of G. australis in New Zealand streams.     

水煤浆应用基础研究现状及发展趋势

水煤浆是一种复杂的固-液分散体系。煤结构与性质,添加剂种类及其与煤种的相互匹配性,分散体系中煤粒度分布等是影响煤成浆性和煤浆流变学性质的至关重要的因素。本文系统地综述了近十年有有关这方面研究所取得的发展,并对其发展趋势进行了讨论。     

不黏煤混合气煤制备活性炭工艺条件研究

研究了不黏煤配合气煤制备压块活性炭的工艺条件,探讨了活性炭吸附性能,实验得到最佳的工艺条件为炭化温度550℃,炭化恒温时间30min,活化温度900℃,活化时间4h。压块活性炭的碘吸附值可达1041mg／g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为190mg／g,均符合工业生产的要求。     

KOH活化焦油渣制备活性炭的研究

以武钢焦化公司焦油渣为原料,KOH为活化剂,采用正交实验研究了活化温度、活化时间、碱炭比（氢氧化钾与焦化除尘灰的质量比）和炭化温度对所制活性炭吸附性能的影响,得出制备焦油渣基活性炭影响因素主次顺序为活化温度、活化时间、碱炭比、炭化温度,最佳活化条件为活化温度为800℃,活化时间为100min,碱炭比为4：1,炭化温度为400℃。在此条件下制备活性炭的碘吸附值为1300．765mg／g。     

竹质活性炭的真空化学法制备及吸附性能研究

以竹质生物质为原料、ZnCl2为活化剂,对其进行真空化学活化。探讨了浸渍比(活化剂和竹粉的质量比)、浸渍时间、活化温度、活化时间等因素对活性炭产物吸附性能的影响。结果表明,真空条件下以ZnCl2为活化剂制备的竹质活性炭碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值较大,分别为1314.04 mg/g、321.07 mg/g;最佳工艺条件为:浸渍比150%,浸渍时间24 h,活化温度为600℃,活化时间为60 min。     

季胺盐改性木质素及其絮凝性能试验

探讨了制备季胺盐改性木质素絮凝剂的最佳反应条件,正交试验法取得的最佳反应条件为活化时间3min;反应温度70℃;木质素与季胺盐投料比1:2.5;搅拌速度600r/min。红外光谱法对改性木质素作了结构分析,以改性和未改性木质素对实际印染废水作浊度和色度去除率的测试、对比。