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1.
在实际的生产/库存控制系统中存在着资源约束(如资金、库容等),但目前的资源约束联合补充问题研究中很少考虑随机型因素。本文基于定周期补充策略,用随机问题确定化的方法把随机性需求转化成确定性需求,利用偏差系数来纠正误差,建立以最小化订货和库存的平均成本函数为目标函数的随机优化模型,采用遗传算法对模型进行求解。通过仿真数值实例对该算法进行验证,结果表明该算法可以有效的解决此类问题。  相似文献   

2.
以随机参数梁为研究对象,分析其在温度载荷和力载荷共同作用并考虑热弹耦合关系时的动力响应。建立了热弹耦合动力学有限元模型,给出了在时间域内差分离散、相互交替迭代的耦合计算方法。利用随机因子法推导了结构温度场和动力响应的数字特征表达式,其中温度场的求解利用θ 时间积分法,动力响应则利用Newmark-β 积分法。在求出结构各时间步温度场和动力响应数字特征的基础上,应用耦合算法获得了整个时间域内的结构响应数字特征。通过悬臂梁算例分析了热弹耦合项对动力响应的影响,并考察了诸随机参数分散性对结构动力响应分散性的影响。  相似文献   

3.
生产和运输集成计划问题在许多工业工程领域都普遍存在。要给出最优的生产和运输计划就必须考虑实际工业管理过程中存在的不确定性因素。本文研究了生产厂家的生产能力、商家的需求量和单位运输成本等因素为随机变量情况下的产品生产与运输成本问题,建立了该类问题的随机优化模型。在一定的假设条件下,推导了所建模型的确定等价类。基于问题的结构特征,提出了求解生产和运输计划的一种线性逼近方法,数值例子表明该种方法的应用前景。  相似文献   

4.
随着顾客对个性化产品的需求和绿色环保意识的不断增加,配置出满足客户个性化、低碳和环境友好的产品变得日益重要。本文研究了在碳限额约束下基于模块化的个性化产品配置优化问题;建立了以配置总成本和碳排放量为最小化的多目标优化模型;提出了采用ε-constraint的多目标优化求解算法,从而获得产品配置问题的帕累托边界(Pareto Front);采用C++Cplex编程实现了该多目标优化算法;最后,通过案例验证了该算法的有效性。数值实验表明:所提出的多目标优化算法能够在合理的时间内求解实际的产品配置问题。  相似文献   

5.
针对在推广新能源车辆时所遇到的车辆覆盖范围小,能源补充站有限等问题,建立了考虑新能源车辆运载能力与行程约束的绿色车辆路径问题(CGVRP,Capacitated Green Vehicle Routing Problem)的数学模型,同时设计两阶段的启发式算法对CGVRP问题进行求解。通过算例验证了算法的可行性与有效性。根据算例的结果,发现增加能源补充站的数量能够减少新能源车辆配送路径的长度。此外,就CGVRP问题算例结果与具有运载力约束的车辆路径选择问题(CVRP,Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem)的结果比较发现,尽管车辆在配送过程中的二氧化碳排放量得到了极大地减少,但CGVRP模型的新能源车辆路线长度更长。  相似文献   

6.
本文考虑求解带有两块变量的结构型凸优化问题.ADMM算法是求解该问题的一种经典算法,主要思想是在増广拉格朗日乘子算法的基础上,利用目标函数关于两块变量的可分性,降低了子问题的计算难度.ADMM下降算法是ADMM算法的一种改进,对部分变量利用最优步长外加一个固定的延长因子进行延长,以加快ADMM算法的收敛速度.数值实验结果表明,ADMM下降算法比ADMM算法收敛速度更快.根据徐海文提出的随机步长收缩算法的思想,我们在ADMM下降算法的基础上,将延长因子改为利用随机数生成,提出了带随机步长的ADMM下降算法,并证明了新算法的收敛性.初步数值实验结果,表明新算法的计算效率优于经典ADMM算法和ADMM下降算法,且新算法的计算效率对问题规模的增长有更好的尺度适应性.  相似文献   

7.
三维造型系统中剖视的研究与实现   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
结合三维实体造型的特点,介绍了剖视图与剖切面的分类。通过分析应用要求,提出了利用三维实体上的元素(点、线、面)构造剖切面,以及对剖切面进行精确定位的方法。进而利用系统的参数化机制,将剖切结果表达为剖切过程的描述,从而实现了实例的修改后剖切结果的自动更新。实践证明,整个剖视过程灵活可靠,能够满足应用要求。  相似文献   

8.
论文用图示法首次系统表达了在二射影平面场中,存在3种形式的射影对应线束。这些对应线束形成二阶曲线时有一定的变化规律。其中底都为非固有点的二线束形成双曲线;底为固有点和非固有点的二线束形成抛物线;底都为固有点的二线束,只要旋转其中之一就可以分别形成双曲线、抛物线和椭圆。这些结论为我们实现二阶曲线之间的转换奠定了理论基础。  相似文献   

9.
    
First‐order reliability method (FORM) has been mostly utilized for solving reliability‐based design optimization (RBDO) problems efficiently. However, second‐order reliability method (SORM) is required in order to estimate a probability of failure accurately in highly nonlinear performance functions. Despite accuracy of SORM, its application to RBDO is quite challenging due to unaffordable numerical burden incurred by a Hessian calculation. For reducing the numerical efforts, a quasi‐Newton approach to approximate the Hessian is introduced in this study instead of calculating the true Hessian. The proposed SORM with the approximated Hessian requires computations only used in FORM, leading to very efficient and accurate reliability analysis. The proposed SORM also utilizes a generalized chi‐squared distribution in order to achieve better accuracy. Furthermore, SORM‐based inverse reliability method is proposed in this study. An accurate reliability index corresponding to a target probability of failure is updated using the proposed SORM. Two approaches in terms of finding an accurate most probable point using the updated reliability index are proposed. The proposed SORM‐based inverse analysis is then extended to RBDO in order to obtain a reliability‐based optimum design satisfying probabilistic constraints more accurately even for a highly nonlinear system. The numerical study results show that the proposed reliability analysis and RBDO achieve efficiency of FORM and accuracy of SORM at the same time. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

10.
The design approximation problem is a well known problem in stock cutting, where, in order to facilitate the optimization techniques used in the cutting process, it is required to approximate complex designs by simpler ones. Although there are algorithms available to solve this problem, they all suffer from an undesirable feature that they only produce one optimal solution to the problem, and do not identify the complete set of all optimal solutions. The focus of this paper is to study this hitherto unexplored aspect of the problem: specifically, the case is considered in which both the design and the parent material are convex shapes, and some essential properties of all optimal solutions to the design approximation problem are ascertained. These properties are then used to devise two efficient schemes to identify the set of all optimal solutions to the problem. Finally, the recovery of a desired optimal approximation from the identified sets of optimal solutions, is discussed.  相似文献   

11.
关于剖切面及其剖切方法划分的标准化   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
根据逻辑学关于褐示概念外延的划分原理,剖析了现行机械制图国家标准关于剖切面及其剖切方法分类的逻辑错误,提出了剖切面及其剖切方法严密,完整,清楚的划分方法。  相似文献   

12.
The remarkable increases in containerized trade over the past few years have resulted in increased congestion and operational costs of container terminals, indicating the importance of the effective management of port resources under uncertainty. In this article, a novel berth allocation model is suggested for seaports, taking into consideration the disruptive effects of tides on the berthing schedule as well as the uncertainty in the arrival time of vessels. A rigorous mathematical model is presented along with a sample average approximation method to generate an efficient berth allocation plan. In addition, statistical analysis of real data gathered from a real case is presented. Numerical analysis has been conducted to verify the practical applications of the model proposed for the berth allocation problem under uncertainty. Computational results based on a real-world data set provided by Rajaee port, Iran, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method.  相似文献   

13.
随着海运需求的日益增加,国内外港口频繁出现拥堵问题,这给海运行业造成巨大的经济损失.现实中港口在面对繁忙的进出船舶时需要提前对船舶进行调度规划.船舶调度问题不仅需要考虑港口的客观条件和引航员等因素,还需要考虑船舶调度计划的随机性,避免在港内作业环节的不确定情况.基于考虑不确定靠港作业时间的船舶调度问题,本文构建两阶段随机规划模型,采用一种结合平均抽样近似方法和自适应大规模邻域搜索的算法对模型进行求解,并设计一个根据航道顺序和引航员排班顺序自动生成最优时间表的内部程序,辅助解决在此过程中模型的综合航道容量、引航员交通工具变动和船舶出港时间变动等状态下的求解难题.通过数值试验证明本文构建的算法在速度和精度上皆优于CPLEX求解器,在解决较大规模算例时有一定的现实意义.同时,本文对平均抽样近似方法的样本参数和不确定靠港时间系数进行数据实验,证明了所提出模型和算法的合理性与实际应用价值.  相似文献   

14.
16MnR钢疲劳可靠性分析单随机变量模型   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
洪延姬  金星  钟群鹏 《工程力学》2002,19(2):115-118
本文提出了采用一个随机变量描述疲劳裂纹扩展统计不确定性方法,并且通过极大似然方法和二阶矩方法进行疲劳可靠性分析。通过21个紧凑拉伸试件的疲劳试验,表明本文提出的方法满足工程中疲劳可靠性评估精度的要求。  相似文献   

15.
    
A new formulation is presented for the three‐dimensional incremental quasi‐static problems with unilateral frictional contact. Under the assumptions of small rotations and small strains, a second‐order cone linear complementarity problem is formulated, which consists of complementarity conditions defined by bilinear functions and second‐order cone constraints. The equilibrium configurations are obtained by using a combined smoothing and regularization method for the second‐order cone complementarity problem. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

16.
    
This research discusses the cutting problem encountered by a real-life window frame manufacturer. In the problem, four types of bars (upper, bottom, left and right) should be cut from raw material aluminium profiles for each window frame order. These bars must be cut such that trim loss is minimised. Moreover, the bars should be assigned to the same raw material profile if possible to increase productivity; otherwise, they should be assigned to neighbouring raw material profiles. Furthermore, the numbers of bar types as derived from a raw material profile should not be unbalanced because this scenario induces subsequent machine load imbalance. In this study, we develop a mixed integer programming model and a knapsack-based heuristic approach that minimises the weighted sum of trim loss, bar type imbalance and the degree of order spreading. The results of computational experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and the proposed approach outperforms the legacy system of the company. Thus, this method is currently being used by the firm in question.  相似文献   

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