大直径波纹内导体同轴慢波结构特性的研究

提出了易以加工的大直径波纹内导体相对论返波振荡器慢波结构,推导了这种慢波结构的冷色散方程和耦合阻抗计算公式,数值计算并详细分析了相关结构参数对TM_0n模式色散曲线分离度以及TM₀₂模式的高频场耦合阻抗的影响.结果表明:慢波结构周期、波纹深度以及电子注平均半径都对高频场耦合阻抗有影响;这种慢波结构在抑制模式竞争、以及在低引导磁场下工作等方面都有较大的优势.     

一种新型微带曲折线慢波结构的设计

设计了一种新型微带曲折线慢波结构,该结构采用双介质杆支撑式的V型平面曲折线慢波电路。利用电磁场仿真软件HFSS对这种新型结构和传统微带曲折线慢波结构进行了分析比较,研究结果表明,新型微带曲折线慢波结构在不改变色散强弱的情况下,工作频段向高频端拓展且耦合阻抗有了很大提高,可以更好地工作在短毫米波段。并仿真分析了结构参数对高频特性的影响,所获得的仿真结果为器件的粒子模拟及计算慢波结构的工作效率奠定了基础。     

螺旋耦合型慢波结构的研究

螺旋耦合型慢波结构,是近年发展起来的一种大功率正交场放大管慢波线。它具有较宽的带宽,较高的耦合阻抗,较大的平均功率容量,易于实现宽带传输匹配,因而获得了比较广泛的应用。本文采用多导体传输线及等效电路方法,对这类慢波结构进行了理论分析,导出了色散特性和耦合阻抗的解析表达式,计算了场的横向分布,运用大量的计算机结果,讨论了慢波结构各个尺寸对色散和耦合阻抗的影响。实验结果证明,本文所给出的结果可供工程设计使用。     

Sinα型微带线慢波结构高频特性分析

本文对Sinα型微带线慢波结构高频特性进行了仿真计算,得出了该慢波结构的耦合阻抗随结构变量变化的趋势。针对Sinα型微带线慢波结构耦合阻抗较低的问题进行了结构改进,仿真结果表明改进后结构可以明显提高慢波系统的耦合阻抗值。     

毫米波段梳形慢波线色散特性和耦合阻抗的场匹配法计算

在毫米波段，梳形线慢波系统与其它慢波系统相比，尺寸较大，易于加工，散热性好，很适宜用作毫米波返波管的慢波结构。本文通过对用场匹配法分析了梳形线色散特性的耦合阻抗，讨论了梳形线的尺寸对其色散和耦合阻抗的影响，为设计梳形线毫米波返波管提供了理论依据。     

螺距对螺旋慢波系统色散和耦合阻抗的影响

螺距是慢波系统的一个重要参数,直接影响螺旋慢波系统的色散特性和耦合阻抗.严格求解螺距对慢波系统色散和耦合阻抗的影响是不方便的,而通过计算机模拟可以方便快速地研究螺距对慢波系统色散和耦合阻抗的影响.模拟结果表明,对于工程项目当螺距变化小于4%时,螺距对色散和耦合阻抗的影响是很小的.     

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构色散和耦合阻抗的测量与模拟

运用非谐振微扰法，利用Aglient8510C矢量网络分析仪对两个不同翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的色散和耦合阻抗特性进行了测试。运用HFSS软件对实验中两个被测的螺旋线慢波结构进行建模，分别计算了它们的色散和耦合阻抗特性，在模拟中考虑了空间谐波对耦合阻抗的影响。结果表明，模拟与实验的色散和耦合阻抗有较好的一致性。     

脊加载同轴径向线慢波结构设计

提出脊加载同轴径向线慢波结构,并用高频结构仿真器(HFSS)电磁仿真软件对其色散特性和耦合阻抗进行研究,分析了不同结构参数变化对其高频特性的影响。结果表明:脊加载同轴径向线慢波结构的色散曲线平坦,减小内径和周期长度可以明显降低慢波结构的相速,从而减小工作电压;加载脊的宽度对耦合阻抗的影响明显,随着加载脊宽度的增加,耦合阻抗得到提高,相速减小;加载脊的长度对结构的色散特性和耦合阻抗影响不明显;这种脊加载方式有利于增加慢波结构的耦合阻抗,提高行波管的增益和效率。脊加载同轴径向线慢波结构是一种全金属结构,工作频带宽,散热性能好,在毫米波波段的行波管中有较好的应用前景。     

任意槽形矩形慢波结构高频特性分析

矩形慢波结构及其变态具有易于微加工、横向尺寸大、散热好等优点,是一种有潜力工作于毫米波段或亚毫米波段的高频系统.文中利用场匹配的方法推导出了任意槽形状开放式矩形波导慢波结构的统一色散方程,并利用数值计算方法分析了几种特殊槽形状加载慢波结构的色散特性及耦合阻抗,得到三角形结构色散和耦合阻抗均最弱,而倒梯形结构色散最强,耦合阻抗最大.     

同轴波纹波导的高频特性数值分析

本文提出先用时域有限差分法计算含周期慢波结构的谐振腔的谐振频率和谐振场分布,再基于周期慢波电路色散关系的周期性质,由几个特殊色散点处的频率及波数数值组合出周期慢波线的完整色散关系的新方法。数值计算了同轴波纹波导中TM0n模式的色散关系、耦合阻抗等特性参量。     

Modeling of wideband slow-wave structures of coupled-cavities-chain type by the impedance design of experiments

The results of investigation on the possibility of a substantial extension of the operating-frequency band of a slow-wave structure of coupled-cavities-chain type are presented for the case of a small variation in the slowing factor of the phase velocity of a wave, including, in the case of convergence of the cavity and slot passbands. The investigation is performed with the use of regression models for electrodynamic characteristics of the slowing structure that are constructed on the basis of the results obtained by the impedance design of experiments. Variants of wideband chains of coupled cavities with differences in the phase-velocity slowing factor of ±3% and the operating width of the cavity passband of up to 35%, as well as structures with merging of the cavity and slot passbands and a resulting passband of up to 70% and a coupling impedance of 18–0.4 Ω, are obtained.     

Simulation of a Miniature Coupled-Cavity Slow Wave Structure

Recent development of MEMS technologies has provided a set of methods for mass production of three-dimensional micro-scale structures and have opened the door to new and exciting possibilities in vacuum electronics devices. These micro-fabricated vacuum electronic devices are popular for the advantages of small volume, low cost, good performance, etc. In this article, Cold characteristics of a miniature coupled cavity slow-wave structure are simulated and discussed by using 3-D electromagnetic software MAFIA. The results show that this miniature structure can work at near 1.3 THz with high interaction impedance about 20 ohm and can be expected to be a promising THz radiation source.     

0.5THz双电子注返波管注波互作用的高频结构优化

返波振荡器是一种重要的真空电子学太赫兹源,具有高功率、高工作频率和宽带调谐等特点.为提高圆形电子注与光栅慢波结构的互作用,提出一种双电子注嵌入矩形光栅的慢波结构,使电子注与光栅表面电场更好地充分相互作用,从而提高互作用效率和输出功率.通过数值求解和仿真计算其色散特性,结果表明,相比于相同结构参数的普通矩形单栅,该结构可...     

Parametric Simulation and Optimization of Cold-test Properties for a 220 GHz Broadband Folded Waveguide Traveling-wave Tube

Characterized with full-metal structure, high output power and broad bandwidth, microfabricated folded waveguide is considered as a robust slow-wave structure for millimeter wave traveling-wave tubes. In this paper, cold-test (without considering the real electron beam) properties were studied and optimized by 3D simulation on slow-wave structure, for designing a 220 GHz folded waveguide traveling-wave tube. The parametric analysis on cold-test properties, i.e., phase velocity, beam-wave interaction impedance and cold circuit attenuation, were conducted in half-period circuit with high frequency structure simulator, assisted by analytical model and equivalent circuit model. Through detailed parametric analyses, interference between specified structural parameters is found on determining beam-wave interaction impedance. A discretized matrix optimization for interaction impedance was effectively carried out to overcome the interference. A range of structural parameters with optimized interaction impedance distributions were obtained. Based on the optimized results, a broadband folded waveguide with cold pass-band of about 80 GHz, flat phase velocity dispersion and fairly high interaction impedance was designed for a 220 GHz central frequency traveling-wave tube. A three-dB bandwidth of 20.5 GHz and a maximum gain of 21.2 dB were predicted by small signal analysis for a 28 mm-long lossy circuit.     

Investigation of the bandpass properties of the local impedance of slow-wave structures

The properties of the local coupling impedance that determines the efficiency of the electron-wave interaction in periodic slow-wave structures are investigated. This impedance is determined (i) through the characteristics of the electromagnetic field in a slow-wave structure and (ii) through the parameters of a two-port chain simulating the structure. The continuous behavior of the local coupling impedance in the passbands of slow-wave structures, at the boundaries of the passbands, and beyond the passbands is confirmed with the help of a waveguide-resonator model.     

螺旋慢波系统高频特性的计算机仿真

介绍了用德国CST(Computer Simulation Technology)公司提供的微波工作室MWS(Microwave Studio)4．2软件模拟计算螺旋线慢波系统的色散特性和耦合阻抗的理论方法。通过对矩形夹持杆支撑螺旋慢波结构的模拟计算,与测试结果相比色散特性的平均模拟误差为1．5%左右,耦合阻抗的平均误差为0．3％左右;相比于MAFIA仿真,计算精度更高,计算时间更短。     

Determination of the interaction impedance of coupled cavity slow wave structures

The interaction impedance of coupled cavity slow wave structures can be measured by perturbing the resonances of a shorted length of the structure using a dielectric rod. An analysis of this procedure is presented. The analysis retains radial as well as axial electric fields and all significant space harmonics. The results obtained are easily programmed formulas for calculating total interaction impedance or Pierce impedance using the experimental data.     

E波段折叠矩形槽波导行波管的研究

分析了一种适用于E波段81~86 GHz空间行波管的新型慢波结构——折叠矩形槽波导.折叠矩形槽波导来源于传统的矩形槽波导,将E面沿其纵向来回弯曲而形成.利用电磁场仿真软件Ansoft HFSS设计优化并最终确定了E波段折叠矩形槽波导的关键几何尺寸.同时,模拟仿真出了折叠矩形槽波导在中心频率f=83.5 GHz处的耦合阻抗沿x和y方向上的变化趋势,得出其可通过加载带状电子注获得更高的平均耦合阻抗.利用CST粒子工作室模拟得出:折叠矩形槽波导行波管在中心频点83.5 GHz处输出功率为210 W,电子效率达到8.05%.     

Slow-Wave Characteristics of a Frame–Rod Structure Based on Micro-Fabricated Technology for THz Vacuum Electron Devices

A simple equivalent circuit analysis of the frame–rod slow-wave structure (SWS) on dielectric substrates of a traveling-wave tube (TWT) is developed, using the quasi-TEM approximation approach for the dispersion and coupling impedance characteristics of the structure. Moreover, the obtained complex dispersion equation and coupling impedance are numerically calculated. The calculation results by our theory method agree well with the results obtained by the 3D EM simulation software HFSS. It is shown that the dispersion of the frame–rod circuit is decreased; the phase velocity is reduced and the bandwidth becomes greater, while the coupling impedance decreases after filling the dielectric materials in the frame–rod SWS. In addition, a comparison of slow-wave characteristics of this structure with a rectangular helix counterpart is made. As a planar slow-wave structure, this structure has potential applications in compact TWTs based on the micro-fabrication technology, which could be scaled to millimeter wave, even to THz frequency.