Face recognition based on symmetrical virtual image and original training image

In face representation-based classification methods, we are able to obtain high recognition rate if a face has enough available training samples. However, in practical applications, we only have limited training samples to use. In order to obtain enough training samples, many methods simultaneously use the original training samples and corresponding virtual samples to strengthen the ability of representing the test sample. One is directly using the original training samples and corresponding mirror samples to recognize the test sample. However, when the test sample is nearly symmetrical while the original training samples are not, the integration of the original training and mirror samples might not well represent the test samples. To tackle the above-mentioned problem, in this paper, we propose a novel method to obtain a kind of virtual samples which are generated by averaging the original training samples and corresponding mirror samples. Then, the original training samples and the virtual samples are integrated to recognize the test sample. Experimental results on five face databases show that the proposed method is able to partly overcome the challenges of the various poses, facial expressions and illuminations of original face image.     

分块稀疏表示和2DPCA的人脸识别方法

稀疏表示提出了一种分块稀疏表示和二维主成分分析(2DPCA)的人脸识别方法.该方法应用了逐像素分块的与2DPCA技术相结合的方式,充分地考虑了图像中相邻的多个像素间的相关性.实验结果表明,其中提出的新算法具有可行性以及在识别精度上的优越性.进一步的研究还表明,所提出的分块识别的方法较之于以往传统算法在存在位置偏移、单色遮挡问题的人脸图像误判率上也有显著降低.     

标准样品浓度的设计及使用

样品的浓度有多种不同的表示方法。系统讲述了不同的浓度单位及样品状态(气态和液态)下,标准样品的浓度如何正确设计及使用,并提供了一些典型的应用实例,为标准样品的使用及设计提供技术支持。     

Employing dependent virtual samples to obtain more manufacturing information in pilot runs

In most highly competitive manufacturing industries, the sample sizes of new products are usually very small in pilot runs because the production schedules are very tight. To obtain the expected quality in mass production runs using limited data is, therefore, always a challenging issue for engineers. Although machine learning algorithms are widely applied to this task, the training sample size is a key weakness when determining the manufacturing parameters. In order to extract more robust information for engineers from the small datasets, this research, based on regression analysis and fuzzy techniques, develops an effective procedure for new production pattern constructions. In addition, a case study of TFT-LCD manufacturing in 2009 is taken as an example to illustrate the presented approach. The experimental results show that it is possible to develop a robust forecasting model which can provide more precise manufacturing predictions with the limited data acquired from pilot runs.     

Determination of the Correlation Interval of a Random Process by Calculating the Convolution of Sample Functions

A fast digital algorithm has been developed for estimating the correlation interval by utilizing a sign probability transformation of a realization of a random process and then calculating the average value of the convolutions of sample sign functions. An analysis is given of the errors due to bias and variance of the estimated result.     

A novel multimodal medical image fusion using sparse representation and modified spatial frequency

Fusion of multimodal imaging data supports medical experts with ample information for better disease diagnosis and further clinical investigations. Recently, sparse representation (SR)‐based fusion algorithms has been gaining importance for their high performance. Building a compact, discriminative dictionary with reduced computational effort is a major challenge to these algorithms. Addressing this key issue, we propose an adaptive dictionary learning approach for fusion of multimodal medical images. The proposed approach consists of three steps. First, zero informative patches of source images are discarded by variance computation. Second, the structural information of remaining image patches is evaluated using modified spatial frequency (MSF). Finally, a selection rule is employed to separate the useful informative patches of source images for dictionary learning. At the fusion step, batch‐OMP algorithm is utilized to estimate the sparse coefficients. A novel fusion rule which measures the activity level in both spatial domain and transform domain is adopted to reconstruct the fused image with the sparse vectors and trained dictionary. Experimental results of various medical image pairs and clinical data sets reveal that the proposed fusion algorithm gives better visual quality and competes with existing methodologies both visually and quantitatively.     

煤样自动加样称量装置的研究与应用

本文研制的煤样自动加样称量装置,可实现对坩埚精准加样及自动称量,避免人为因素干扰。经实验结果验证,煤样自动加样称量装置的称量效率及称量质量满足要求。     

Sample size and tolerance limits

Summary Several new criteria are proposed for the determination of suitable sample size for assessing the statistical tolerance limits. The application of the criteria is illustrated on the solution of some problems from the theory of errors and theory of reliability.

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Resumen En este trabajo se proponen algunos nuevos criterios que tratan de fijar el tama?o de la muestra necesario para establecer los límites estadísticos de tolerancia. Como aplicación de estos criterios se resuelven algunos problemas de la teoría de los errores y de la teoría de la confiabilidad.

     

金相试样制备技巧及具体方法

合理的金相试样制备方法是获得清晰、高质量显微组织图像的保障,是材料金相研究的基础.对高纯钨、高氮不锈钢、汽车钢板、涂层材料的金相制备技巧及具体方法进行了分析,解决了制样中切割、镶嵌、磨抛和浸蚀等过程遇到的问题.结果表明:高纯钨硬度高,要保证磨抛时间;高氮不锈钢采用三氯化铁盐酸甘油混合液浸蚀,可获得浸蚀均匀的显微组织形貌...     

偶氮氯膦——mA分光光度法测定钢样及食盐中钡

在pH9.0的NH_3—NH_4Cl缓冲溶液中,Ba(Ⅱ)与间乙酰基偶氮氯膦(CPAmA)生成紫蓝色络合物。络合物的最大吸收位于635nm。络合物的组成Ba(Ⅱ):CPAmA为1∶4,表现摩尔吸光系数ε_(max)=1.95×10~41·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),钡(Ⅱ)含量在0-3.2×10~(-3)g/L范围内遵守比尔定律。本法用于测定钢样及食盐中的钡,结果满意。     

试样倾斜对球形压头微米划痕测试紫铜摩擦系数的影响

采用球形压头对紫铜进行微米划痕实验,在恒定正压力下研究了试样倾斜对测试摩擦系数的影响。结果表明:实验测得的名义摩擦系数与倾斜角线性相关,且±9°的差别会造成摩擦系数相差约14倍。通过建立球形压头与试样倾斜状态的位置关系模型,发现试样倾斜对粘着摩擦系数无影响,而犁沟摩擦系数随倾斜角线性变化。为了准确计算无倾斜条件下的真实摩擦系数,可通过平面接触力学模型实现名义摩擦系数与真实摩擦系数之间的转换,或者在试样表面的不同位置往复划刻,再取摩擦系数的平均值作为最终结果。     

Combination of direct matching and collaborative representation for face recognition

Difficulties associated with the use of Buchdahl's retardation coefficients in image assessment are examined. It is shown that, by a series of approximations and corresponding transformations, the set of coordinates of transmitted rays from any object point can be expressed as a circular region perpendicular to the optical axis. Furthermore, it is shown that, under these transformations, the form of the retardation expansion remains constant and only the coefficients need be altered. These changes are independent of the field angle, but depend on the f-number of the system. The coefficients thus derived are field-independent in contrast to those specified by most authors. Expressions for the coefficients under each of the transformations introduced are presented. Also a brief discussion of the convergence of the retardation expansion is presented and the results indicate that the above approximations are sound over the region of convergence of the truncated aberration expansion of order eight.     

一种用于非织造布XRD测试的简易样品托架的设计制作

为了满足对非织造布样品的XRD测试,自行设计制作了一种简易适用的XRD样品托架。实际应用表明:该样品托架可以使非织造布样品和粉末样品片一样容易装调并进行XRD测试,其材质选用聚烯烃塑料,成本低,制作简单,操作使用简便,样品分析数据准确可靠,非常适用于非织造布样品的XRD测试;另该样品托架也可用于薄膜样品的XRD测试。     

柔性薄片和多孔材料声透射系数的声管测量

采用驻波管四传感器法可以测量小样品、薄型样品的垂直入射复透射系数.采用两类样品测试:一类是柔性高分子薄片,通过对薄片振动的有限元分析验证测试的正确性;一类是多孔吸声材料,发现它的隔声量并不遵从质量作用定律.最后给出了测试随机误差,证实此方法切实可行.     

河流泥沙颗粒分析方法品质衡量和标样体系

河流泥沙颗粒分析方法品质衡量需要统一的指标因子和计算方法;用于分析方法品质衡量和日常分析工作质量监督的标样需要建立相应的标准体系。为此,本文中提出了河流泥沙颗粒分析方法统一品质衡量指标和建立标样体系的设想,并对泥沙颗粒分析方法品质、分析方法品质衡量指标、标样制作和标样体系的建立等方面进行了详细的论述。文中提出的河流泥沙颗粒分析方统一品质衡量指标和建立标样体系的设想,具有科学、合理和普遍适用性及可操作性。     

基于谱直方图表示和支持向量机的纹理分类

在纹理分类中采用谱直方图表示(SHR),每个图像窗表示一个包含滤波后图像直方图的特征向量,而直方图是图像谱表示的连接桥梁.在滤波器选择算法之前,结合每个图像分块和滤波器的独立谱表示和直方图,可以获得更加低层的局部特征.最后,时所有独立滤波器采用滤波器选择算法来得到所需的少量滤波器.为了保证分类的可靠性,选择高斯径向基函数(RBF)进行谱直方图表示,采用支持向量机(SVMs)作为分类函数.对本文方法和其它两种方法:Gabor滤波和独立成分分析(ICA)进行了纹理分类和脸部识别的比较实验.实验结果表明,本文方法具有更高的分类准确性,也证明了SVMs优秀的泛化能力.     

一种基于标签的产品和零部件网页的自组织分类编码方法

针对目前的搜索引擎在大成组技术应用中存在的问题,本文提出了一种基于标签的产品和零部件网页的自组织分类编码方法,有助于提高分类的精确性,提高分类系统的搜全率,提高企业参与网络信息规范化的积极性.     

拉伸速度和制样方式对聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯拉伸性能的影响

研究了拉伸速度及制样方式对聚苯乙烯(PP)和聚丙烯(PS)材料的拉伸强度和断后伸长率的影响。结果表明:随着拉伸速度的增大,两种材料的拉伸强度均有所增加,而断后伸长率却呈现出不同的变化;PS注塑成型试样的拉伸强度和断后伸长率都明显高于压制成型试样,PP注塑成型试样的断后伸长率比压制成型试样的增加了69%,而拉伸强度几乎没有改变。