新型阳离子紫外光引发剂碘鎓盐的光谱表征及分析

采用紫外光谱法(UV)分析新型阳离子光引发剂二甲苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐.系统研究了UV法测试条件,采用氯仿重结晶提纯样品、以无水乙醇为溶剂、在λmax＝236 nm测吸光度,ε＝1.8421×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为1～80 mg·L-1,加标回收率为99.0%.     

4，4＇-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐的合成

以乙酰苯胺为原料，乙酸为溶剂，在浓硫酸作用下，合成了未见国内外文献报道的阳离子光引发剂4,4’-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐，其结构经IR，^1HNMR，MS和UV确认。通过正文实验确定了最佳合成条件：乙酰苯胺30．6g（0．227mol）和碘酸钾22g（0．103mol），溶剂乙酸用茸为100mL，室温（25℃）反应24h，产率可达47．6％。     

阳离子光引发剂芳茂铁六氟磷酸盐的制备

以二茂铁为原料制备了3种阳离子光引发剂芳茂铁六氟磷酸盐．考察了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响．对产物进行了IR和UV光谱分析．     

4,4''''-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐的合成

以乙酰苯胺为原料,乙酸为溶剂,在浓硫酸作用下,合成了未见国内外文献报道的阳离子光引发剂4,4'-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐,其结构经IR,1HNMR,MS 和UV确认.通过正交实验确定了最佳合成条件乙酰苯胺30.6 g(0.227 mol)和碘酸钾22 g(0.103 mol),溶剂乙酸用量为100 mL,室温(25 ℃)反应24 h,产率可达47.6%.     

4,4′-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐的合成

以乙酰苯胺为原料,乙酸为溶剂,在浓硫酸作用下,合成了未见国内外文献报道的阳离子光引发剂4,4′-二乙酰胺基二苯基碘六氟磷酸盐,其结构经IR,1HNMR,MS和UV确认。通过正交实验确定了最佳合成条件:乙酰苯胺30.6 g(0.227 mol)和碘酸钾22 g(0.103 mol),溶剂乙酸用量为100 mL,室温(25℃)反应24 h,产率可达47.6%。     

紫外阳离子光引发剂及其发展动态

阳离子型光引发聚合是一种快速、高效、低能耗和低污染的聚合方式。着重介绍阳离子光引发剂的主要种类、各自的特点及其光引发机理,简述阳离子光引发剂在涂料中的应用和发展,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

大分子阳离子光引发剂聚苯乙烯-碘鎓六氟锑酸盐的合成及其感光性能的研究

本文用羟基对甲苯磺酰氧基碘苯与聚苯乙烯进行亲电取代反应,得到大分子阳离子碘鎓盐光引发剂聚苯乙烯碘鎓-六氟锑酸盐(PS-I·SbF_6).用核磁共振仪、傅立叶红外光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、紫外分光光度仪对其进行了表征.与小分子碘鎓盐系光引发剂相比,PS-I·SbF_6的紫外最大吸收波长λ_(max)红移,在240—270 nm范围内有较强的吸收;固化成膜后其相对迁移率较小分子光引发剂有显著下降.初步研究了PS-I·SbF_6在环氧体系中的光固化性能,结果表明该体系有较好的光固化和后固化特性.     

新型紫外光固化二苯甲酮类光引发剂的研究进展

重点综述了3种新型光引发剂[改良型(超支化型、可聚合型)、自由基-阳离子混杂型和大分子型UV(紫外光)固化BP(二苯甲酮)类光引发剂]的最新研究进展,并对其合成工艺、性能优势等进行了探讨。最后对UV固化BP类光引发剂的发展方向进行了展望。     

新型紫外光固化大分子光引发剂的研究进展

综述了大分子光引发剂中改良型紫外光(UV)固化引发剂(有机硅、超支化聚合物改性)和新型UV固化引发剂(阳离子、可聚合和水性)在合成方法、结构性能等方面的最新研究进展。最后指出了大分子光引发剂仍存在的不足之处,并就其在阳离子-自由基混杂型、高Mr(相对分子质量)型及可见光型等方面的发展前景作了展望。     

光引发剂及其在紫外光固化粘合剂中的应用研究进展

光引发剂在光固化领域里有着非常重要的作用。随着各种光引发剂的发展,带动了紫外光固化粘合剂的一系列同步发展。综述了光引发剂以及它们在紫外光固化粘合剂中的应用研究进展。     

新型季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成及结构表征

以聚氧乙烯脂肪醇和环氧氯丙烷在相转移催化条件下反应,高收率得到聚氧乙烯脂肪醇缩水甘油醚,以此为原料和三甲胺盐酸盐反应定量得到Ｎ－［３－单（双）氧乙烯长链烷氧－２－羟］丙基－Ｎ,Ｎ,Ｎ－三甲基氯化铵,通过元素分析,红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了鉴定。     

烷氧基和酚氧基取代的茂铁盐阳离子光引发剂的合成和表征

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, the increasing commercial and technical demands of cationic photopolymerizations have led to an interest in the design and synthesis of optimized photopolymerization systems[1]. Among the photopolymerization systems, the onium-type photoini- tiators, such as sulfonium and iodonium salts play an important role due to their thermal stability and effi- ciency in generating reactive species upon photolysis[2]. However, for the principal absorption bands in the s…     

月桂酸酯季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成与表征

以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷为原料,合成了中间体DMAC〔(2,3-环氧丙基)十二烷基二甲基氯化铵〕,再与月桂酸反应,生成月桂酸酯季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂HDAC〔(2-羟基-3-月桂酰氧基丙基)十二烷基二甲基氯化铵〕。通过正交实验确定了最佳合成条件:以异丙醇为溶剂,n(DMAC)∶n(LAC)=1∶1.2,反应时间6 h,反应温度50℃,产率大于90%,Krafft点-4.52℃。通过元素分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱、飞行时间质谱(TOF-MS)、1HNMR,确证了目的产物的结构。测定产物的临界胶束浓度CMC为8.91×10-4mol/L,γCMC为34.12 mN/m。表明所合成的月桂酸酯季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性。     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Short Fluorocarbon Chain Cationic Surfactant

A novel short fluorocarbon chain cationic surfactant has been synthesized to reduce the bioaccumulation of traditional fluorocarbon surfactants and maintain excellent surface properties simultaneously. The structure, surface activity, and micelle formation of surfactants have been investigated by surface tension, conductivity, dynamic light scattering, steady-state fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Nuclear magnetic resonance. The novel surfactant (yield more than 81%) exhibited good surface activity, the critical micelle concentration and surface tension were below 2.35 mmol L⁻¹ and 20.54 mN m⁻¹ in the range of temperature from 288 to 303 K, respectively. The surface tension decreased to 17.45 mN m⁻¹ with an increase in temperature. The thermodynamic parameters (, and ) of micellization for surfactants were evaluated, which implying the micellization process was contributed primarily by the entropy driving. In addition, the aggregation behavior of surfactants was also studied in detail, which demonstrated a small micelle aggregation number of 9.40 and large size distribution of 164–342 nm.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Cationic Lipids Derived from Thio Galactose

Two double chain cationic lipids QAS C _n -2-S (n = 12, 14) derived from thio galactose and carbamate-linkage tertiary amine were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by MS, TOF-MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The QAS C₁₂-2-S revealed superior surface activity compared with QAS C₁₄-2-S with lower CMC and γ_CMC. Though Lipo C₁₂-2-S displayed large average particle-size with high polydispersity, positive charged Lipo C _n -2-S can be combined with the negative charged DNA, also negatively stained TEM images confirmed the formation of vesicles. All the above prove that the Lipo C _n -2-S is helpful for gene transfection.     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Series of Cationic Fumaric Polymerizable Emulsifiers

A series of novel cationic fumaric polymerizable emulsifiers (named as F series emulsifiers) were synthesized. The chemical structures of these emulsifiers were confirmed by ¹H NMR and MS and their minimal inhibitory concentrations to Escherichia coli were determined. Antibacterial tests of latex films showed that [2-(N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl]dodecyl fumaric ammonium bromide, [2-(N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl]decyl fumaric ammonium chloride and [2-(N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl]dodecyl fumaric ammonium chloride can possibly be used as a polymerizable bactericides.     

Characterization of a Novel Amphiphilic Cationic Chlorin Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Applications

A novel amphiphilic cationic chlorin e₆ derivative was investigated as a promising photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. Two cationic –N(CH₃)₃⁺ groups on the periphery of the macrocycle provide additional hydrophilization of the molecule and ensure its electrostatic binding to the mitochondrial membranes and bacterial cell walls. The presence of a hydrophobic phytol residue in the same molecule results in its increased affinity towards the phospholipid membranes while decreasing its stability towards aggregation in aqueous media. In organic media, this chlorin e₆ derivative is characterized by a singlet oxygen quantum yield of 55%. Solubilization studies in different polymer- and surfactant-based supramolecular systems revealed the effective stabilization of this compound in a photoactive monomolecular form in micellar nonionic surfactant solutions, including Tween-80 and Cremophor EL. A novel cationic chlorin e₆ derivative also demonstrates effective binding towards serum albumin, which enhances its bioavailability and promotes effective accumulation within the target tissues. Laser confocal scanning microscopy demonstrates the rapid intracellular accumulation and distribution of this compound throughout the cells. Together with low dark toxicity and a rather good photostability, this compound demonstrates significant phototoxicity against HeLa cells causing cellular damage most likely through reactive oxygen species generation. These results demonstrate a high potential of this derivative for application in photodynamic therapy.     

Addition–Fragmentation Reactions for Cationic Polymerization using a Novel Allyloxy-picolinium Salt

A novel allyloxy-picolinium salt, N-[2-(methyl)allyloxy]-α-picolinium hexafluoroantimonate, has been synthesized and used as addition–fragmentation agent for radical promoted thermal and photochemical cationic polymerization of monomers such as cyclohexene oxide, p-methoxystyrene and various vinyl ethers. Polymerization by heat was achieved using the allylic salt in conjunction with benzoyl peroxide (BPO), phenylazotriphenylmethane (PAT) and 2-2′-azobis-isobutyronitrile (AIBN). Polymerization rates were found to drop in the order PAT>BPO>AIBN. Photopolymerization was carried out by irradiating the allyloxy-picolinium salt in the presence of monomer at 280nm. Upon adding benzoin as free radical source, the spectral response was extended to 370nm. The initiation mechanism is explained in terms of an addition–fragmentation scheme. © 1997 SCI.     

Synthesis and Physicochemical Investigation of Novel Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Gemini Surfactant Derived from Cyanuric Chloride

Three novel quaternary ammonium salt cationic gemini surfactants (QAS C _n ?C2?CC _n where n represents the hydrocarbon chain lengths of aliphatic amine, i.e., 6, 8, 12) were synthesized from 2,4,6?Ctrichloro?C1,3,5?Ctriazine, ethylenediamine, N,N?Cdimethylpropane?C1, 3?Cdiamine and benzyl chloride. ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, ESI?CMS spectra and elemental analysis were used to confirm the chemical structures of the prepared compounds. Their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) in the aqueous solutions were determined by surface?Ctension, electrical conductivity and steady?Cstate fluorescence methods respectively. With the increasing length of the hydrophobic chain, the values of their CMC decreased. The values of CMC, ?? _CMC, pC ₂₀, ??_max, and A _min were derived from surface tension measurements, while the thermodynamic parameters of micellization (?G _mic ^° and ?G _ads ^° ) were determined by electrical conductivity. These properties are significantly influenced by the hydrophobic chain length.