Adaptive decoupling predictive temperature control for an extrusionbarrel in a plastic injection molding process

This paper presents an adaptive decoupling temperature control for an extrusion barrel in a plastic injection molding process. After establishing a stochastic polynomial matrix model of the system, a corresponding decoupling system representation was then developed. The decoupling control design was derived based on the minimization of a generalized predictive performance criterion. The set-point tracking, disturbance rejection, and robustness capabilities of the proposed method can be improved by appropriate adjustments to the tuning parameters in the criterion function. A real-time control algorithm, including the recursive least-squares method, is proposed which was implemented using a digital signal processor TMS320C31 from Texas Instruments. Through the experimental results, the proposed method has been shown to be powerful under set-point changes, load disturbances, and significant plant uncertainties. The proposed control law is shown to be less computational and more effective than other well-known multivariable control strategies, and more powerful than single-loop temperature-zone control policies     

全电动注塑机压力控制模块的算法研究与实现

压力控制在注塑精密成型领域中是非常重要的环节,其中主要包括注射压力、锁模压力、保压压力和背压压力控制.针对全电动注塑机最重要的注射压力存在大延迟、大惯性、大扰动和非线性的特点,利用串级PID控制原理,提出了基于速度内环的压力闭环串级PID控制方法.该控制方法将与全电动注塑机螺杆相应环节的数学模型相结合,由PID控制器调节内环转速参数和外环注射压力参数,从而保证输出注射压力的精准控制.实验结果表明,该控制方案效果好,具有响应速度快、精度及稳定度高、抗干扰能力强等优点,可满足全电动注塑机高速度、高精度及节能的要求.     

Mechatronic design and control of hybrid electric vehicles

The work in this paper presents techniques for design, development, and control of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Toward these ends, four issues are explored. First, the development of HEV is presented. This synopsis includes a novel definition of degree of hybridization for automotive vehicles. Second, a load-leveling vehicle operation strategy is developed. In order to accomplish the strategy, a fuzzy logic controller is proposed. Fuzzy logic control is chosen because of the need for a controller for a nonlinear, multidomain, and time-varying plant with multiple uncertainties. Third, a novel technique for system integration and component sizing is presented. Fourth, the system design and control strategy is both simulated and then implemented in an actual vehicle. The controller examined in this study increased the fuel economy of a conventional full-sized vehicle from 40 to 55.7 mi/h and increased the average efficiency over the Federal Urban Driving Schedule from 23% to 35.4%. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of intelligent control and mechatronic systems as they apply to automobiles     

Nonlinear control of an electrohydraulic injection molding machinevia iterative adaptive learning

Examines the control of an industrial injection molding machine (IMM) for both mold filling and mold packing. The machine is a Boy 50 Ton system operated by hydraulics with electronically controlled valves. A nonlinear model of the system is determined for the filling and packing stages, then verified against experimental data. The model includes several key aspects of the actual machine dynamics including stick-slip friction, time delays, nonlinear valve flow characteristics, and deadzones. A feedforward control input is determined via an iterative learning control scheme. This input is combined with either a feedback strategy or an open-loop strategy for the filling and packing control phases, respectively. The time delay, which exists in both stages, is accounted for by time shifting the learning feedforward signal relative to the feedback control signal. Simulation and experimental investigations indicate the benefits of the proposed strategy for control of electrohydraulic IMMs. Subsequent to demonstrating the benefits for fill-stage and pack-stage learning control, a complete cycle, including fill-to-pack transfer, is demonstrated     

Fuzzy logic enhanced speed control of an indirect field-orientedinduction machine drive

Field orientation control (FOC) of induction machines has permitted fast transient response by decoupled torque and flux control. However, field orientation detuning caused by parameter variations is a major difficulty for indirect FOC methods. Traditional probability density function (PID) controllers have trouble meeting a wide range of speed tracking performance even when proper field orientation is achieved. PID controller performance is severely degraded when detuning occurs. This paper presents a fuzzy logic design approach that can meet the speed tracking requirements even when detuning occurs. Computer simulations and experimental results obtained via a general-purpose digital signal processor (DSP) system are presented     

The visualisation of control logic and physical machine elements within an integrated machine design and control environment

The process of designing and implementing complex manufacturing machines relies heavily on the ability of systems designers and end users to provide consistent information on the desired and achieved operation of both the physical and logical elements that comprise the system. The information required varies throughout the life cycle of the machine implementation, i.e. the emphasis changes from obtaining results of “what if?” scenarios at the requirements and design stages to obtaining the variation of sensor values and current status of the control logic at the monitoring and operational stages. The most difficult part of the process is establishing a common representational scheme to facilitate communications between stakeholders.Visual representation and integration of the physical components and control logic in complex manufacturing machines in an Integrated Machine Design and Control (IMDC) environment is discussed in this paper. The approach taken is unique in that (a) the control logic and physical models of the elements can be investigated individually for correctness and completeness, (b) the control logic can be easily integrated with the physical models to animate the modelled physical machine and (c) reconfiguration enables the same control logic to be applied to real world physical control elements. Furthermore, the design of the environment has been based around enabling interaction with machine models rather than passive observation of the system behaviour. At any stage during the machine design and implementation process, the user of the environment can pause and question the validity of certain operations and control system parameters.Successful companies must use their manufacturing as a competitive weapon. The attainment of effective machine visualisation between the stakeholders in the design and implementation process is an essential element in effectively addressing the business need for an agile enterprise. In the context of machine design the term agile enterprise implies rapid response to “unforeseen” customer demands, at minimum cost and with maximum confidence in the final solution.     

四方变频器在注塑机上的应用

本文介绍了四方V360系列变频器在注望机上的成功应用。     

Mechatronic approach to the feeding system of an overlock sewing machine

This paper describes the initial study of the research program being carried out on the feeding system of an industrial overlock sewing machine. The results obtained from the displacement and compression force, together with the graphic kinematic analysis, which includes the velocity and acceleration taken from the displacement–time curves of the presser foot bar, led to further understanding of the feeding system dynamics. This study is expected to provide the basis for the development of a redesigned and optimised fabric feeding system, in which the role of an actuator integrated in the presser foot bar will also be discussed as a major contribution to achieving a desired dynamic behaviour at high sewing speeds.     

Mechatronic design and control of singly and doubly curvedcomposite mesoscale actuator systems

Recently, the design of curved mesoscale actuators (deflections from 1 to 15 mm) has been a topic of study for many researchers. The work in this paper deals with the development of a comprehensive modeling technique for dealing with curved actuators. First, the formulation begins with the equations of motion for a general shell surface. Second, relationships for reducing the equations to those for known actuators are given. The technique can be applied to a broad array of curved actuators. These actuators include but are not limited to rainbow actuators, thunder actuators, and basic C-block actuators. Next, the technique is then experimentally verified on a stack of rainbow actuators. Finally, the system is controlled using both classical and intelligent control techniques. In addition, hardware and circuitry issues are explored     

Support vector machines for quality monitoring in a plastic injection molding process

Support vector machines (SVMs) are receiving increased attention in different application domains for which neural networks (NNs) have had a prominent role. However, in quality monitoring little attention has been given to this more recent development encompassing a technique with foundations in statistic learning theory. In this paper, we compare C-SVM and /spl nu/-SVM classifiers with radial basis function (RBF) NNs in data sets corresponding to product faults in an industrial environment concerning a plastics injection molding machine. The goal is to monitor in-process data as a means of indicating product quality and to be able to respond quickly to unexpected process disturbances. Our approach based on SVMs exploits the first part of this goal. Model selection which amounts to search in hyperparameter space is performed for study of suitable condition monitoring. In the multiclass problem formulation presented, classification accuracy is reported for both strategies. Experimental results obtained thus far indicate improved generalization with the large margin classifier as well as better performance enhancing the strength and efficacy of the chosen model for the practical case study.     

基于ANSYS的T680型注塑机模壁的有限元分析研究

有限元分析法是现代迅速发展起来的一种对于结构力学进行分析的计算方法,本文以注塑机模板作为研究对象,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对T680型注塑机静模板、动模板进行有限元结构静态分析、模态分析,获得静模板、动模板的应力、变形的分布情况,确定出最易破坏的危险区域,为改善注塑机性能,质量和寿命,提供科学计算分析的依据.     

Minimum loss control of high-speed PMSG with variable speed operation

By analysing the loss model of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), the analytic formula of loss using quadrature–direct axis current and speed is established. It shows that the total loss is concave function with respect to d-axis current and speed so that the mathematical method of solving the extreme value can be applied and then the explicit expression of the two independent variables direct axis current and the speed at the minimum loss point can be achieved. Considering the effect of the maximum current limitation of the hardware circuit on the system speed operation mode, the minimum loss speed and direct current integrated control strategy are raised. The results show that compared with the traditional algorithm, the algorithm has obvious advantages, and the efficiency of the algorithm is improved by 16.91% compared with the traditional algorithm.     

塑料成型模具设计多媒体与动态演示系统的研制

在对塑料成型工艺、成型设备、成型所用模具的特点进行系统分析的基础上，研制开发了旨在对初入模具行业的技术人员以模具设计知识为指导的塑料成型模具设计多媒体与动态演示系统。该系统利用多媒体计算机的文本、图像、动画、视频和音频的综合处理能力和其交互式特点，借助VB、AUTOCAD、3DS MAX等高级软件，为塑料成型模具设计学习人员创造了一个图文并茂、生动逼真的学习环境。     

Neural-network-based predictive learning control of ram velocity in injection molding

In this paper, we develop a predictive learning controller for ram velocity of injection molding based on neural networks. We first introduce a model of describing the injection molding, including the time horizon and the batch index. The feedback control plus biased function is proposed for controlling this plant. More specifically, a radial basis function (RBF) network is used to approximate the biased function based on the time horizon. The weights in the RBF are determined by a predictive control scheme based on the batch index. For this algorithm, relevant convergence is investigated. Simulation results reveal that the proposed control can achieve our claims.     

高速双模前置分频器的速度优化设计

给出了一种新的高速动态有比cMOS D触发器的设计.在分析64/65双模前置分频器工作原理的基础上,提出了提高其工作速度的方法,运用单相时钟(TSPC)动态CMOS、伪NMOS等电路技术,设计了多种内部电路结构.经HSPICE模拟,在0.8μmCMOS工艺、电源电压为5V的条件下,最高时钟频率达到了1.7GHz,其速度和集成度远远超过静态CMOS电路.     

Mechatronic design of open-structure multi-robot controllers

The paper proposes a structure for open, hierarchical, multi-device controllers. The proposed structure takes into account that the system may contain several robots of different types, a certain number of cooperating devices, diverse sensors and also the fact that the task, the system has to execute, and the number and type of its components may vary considerably over time. The concept has been verified by designing a controller for a prototype Robot of a New Type (RNT) robot. The flexibility of the system is due to the software, so the programming aspect is treated comprehensively in the paper.     

High-performance speed control of electric machine usinglow-precision shaft encoder

For a high-performance servo drive system, it is important to estimate and control the motor speed precisely over a wide-speed range. Therefore, the disturbance-rejection ability and the robustness to variations of the mechanical parameters such as inertia should be considered. This paper shows that the adaptive state estimator and self-tuning regulator based on the recursive extended least squares (RELS) parameter identification method can achieve high-performance speed control over a wide-speed range. The RELS method identifies the variations of mechanical parameters, and the estimated mechanical parameters are used to replace the role of manual tuning by adjusting the gain of the speed controller automatically for good dynamic response. Also, these estimated parameters are used to adapt the Kalman filter, which is an optimal state estimator, to provide good estimation performance for the rotor speed, rotor position and disturbance torque even in a noisy environment. Simulation and experimental results show an improved speed control performance in the wide-speed range     

印刷机张力控制系统设计

基于印刷行业张力控制原理,分析了张力控制系统组成,并介绍了以STM32为主控芯片及外围电路开发而成的闭环张力控制系统,该系统不仅控制精度高,响应速度快,而且操作简单,有合理的PID控制功能,适用于多种印刷材料。它还可以计算出材料筒的直径,使整个张力控制过程更为合理。     

Mechatronic design of a leather spray system

Leather skins require a variety of processing steps. Many leather products require coatings such as paints and lacquer to enhance appearance, protect the surface and mask minor visual defects. The coatings are often applied by spraying. For large production volumes, automated machinery is readily available. For small factories finishing leathers in Hong Kong, large production lines are too costly and bulky. Most small leather processors spray coatings manually, requiring skilled workers to produce high quality products. Such skilled workers are in short supply due to the potential health risks of the job. A system to automate the spraying of coatings on leathers has been designed and a prototype system implemented to assess the feasibility. A safe, compact machine, adaptable to the factory environment and space available giving good spraying quality, having low maintenance requirements, capable of manual control as well as automatic spraying was required. The following design features were achieved in the prototype system: selectable automatic and manual operation; remote control; explosion safe; paint conservation; adjustable spray nozzle height; fast spraying operation; high quality spraying; compact size; safety; low cost; reliability; and energy conservation.     

Mechatronic design of a ball-on-plate balancing system

This paper discusses the conception and development of a ball-on-plate balancing system based on mechatronic design principles. Realization of the design is achieved with the simultaneous consideration towards constraints like cost, performance, functionality, extendibility, and educational merit. A complete dynamic system investigation for the ball-on-plate system is presented in this paper. This includes hardware design, sensor and actuator selection, system modeling, parameter identification, controller design and experimental testing. The system was designed and built by students as part of the course Mechatronics System Design at Rensselaer.