三元合金凝固过程枝晶生长数值模拟

建立了使用元胞自动机方法结合合金凝固过程动量、能量和质量传输计算三元合金枝晶形貌与偏析发展的数学模型.把该数学模型应用到了Fe-C-Si三元合金凝固过程,枝晶臂的生长、粗化过程,以及枝晶间的微观偏析得到了再现.同时该数学模型也描述了凝固过程熔体流动对Fe-C-Si合金凝固过程枝晶形貌发展的影响.     

基于计算机模拟的焊缝金属组织凝固过程中枝晶生长分析

模拟焊缝凝固过程的枝晶生长,得到焊接熔池中心柱状晶和等轴晶溶质浓度分布、生长形态。熔池凝固结晶过程中,晶界偏析很大,枝晶竞争生长且相互作用。采用元胞自动机方法模拟枝晶生长可行,但仍需考虑多方面因素,并且在熔池内复杂多角度枝晶状态方面做更细致和深入的研究。     

铝合金枝晶生长的数值模拟

提出一种新的模拟铝合金枝晶生长的随机性方法，建立了简化的枝晶形状的物理与数学模型，并提出了一种形状函数来描述晶粒的外部轮廓，基于简化的晶粒形状，采用坐标变换技术来描述过冷液相中晶粒的生长过程及其对周围节点的捕获过程，根据上述思想，开发了等轴晶生长的模拟程度，并进行了二维计算，为了验证模拟结果，浇注了金属型和砂型试样，模拟结果表明，金属型铸造晶粒尺寸较小，砂型铸造的较大，模拟结果与金相观察结果相符。     

基于CA模拟焊缝凝固过程枝晶生长的分析

将元胞自动机方法用于焊缝金属凝固组织演变的模拟中,不仅为焊缝微观组织演变的数值模拟开辟了一种新的途径,同时也有助于研究焊接接头组织并依此优化工艺来提高焊件质量.文中研究了焊缝凝固过程中的溶质扩散问题,构建了基于元胞自动机的焊缝枝晶生长速度模型,在此基础上进行了焊缝中心等轴晶和熔池边缘柱状晶生长的模拟.初步计算了焊缝中心等轴晶和熔池边缘柱状晶的生长形态,计算结果明显再现了二次、三次枝晶的生长及竞争生长等微观现象.结果表明,元胞自动机方法是研究和模拟焊缝微观组织的有效手段之一.     

应变速率对金属动态再结晶影响的数值模拟

采用元胞自动机方法建立了多晶金属材料塑性加工过程动态再结晶的二维模型,模拟了动态回复、位错密度变化和动态再结晶的微观结构演化等一系列过程。利用该模型可得到晶粒形态及晶粒的取向和大小,模拟结果很好地描述了动态再结晶的生长动力学特征,并动态地再现了实验方法观察到的动态再结晶的微观组织特征。在该模型的基础上,分析了应变速率对动态再结晶过程,以及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸的影响。     

Fe-0.6%C合金凝固过程枝晶生长数值模拟

采用元胞自动机方法,结合合金凝固过程中的动量、能量和质量传输,建立了计算枝晶形貌与偏析发展的数学模型。把该数学模型应用到Fe-0.6%C合金凝固过程,枝晶臂的生长、粗化和柱状晶向等轴晶转变过程得到了再现。同时该数学模型也描述了凝固过程熔体流动对Fe-0.6%C枝晶形貌发展的影响。     

不同择优生长取向角枝晶生长的数值模拟

通过耦合溶质扩散方程,并考虑成分过冷和曲率过冷对界面平衡溶质成分的影响,建立改进的元胞自动机模型来模拟溶质扩散控制的立方晶系合金的枝晶生长过程。模型在计算固液界面生长速率时考虑立方晶系枝晶择优生长取向100的影响,同时采用斜中心差分格式对界面生长速率方程进行离散,从而能够模拟择优生长取向与坐标轴成不同夹角的枝晶生长形貌演变。为验证模型的可靠性,模拟NH4Cl-H2O系透明合金单个等轴枝晶以及不同择优生长取向角的多个等轴枝晶和柱状枝晶的形貌演化,模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

基于元胞自动机法的等轴枝晶生长数值模拟

基于溶质扩散和界面能的作用,考虑成分过冷、曲率过冷、界面能各向异性和界面扰动等因素,建立了单个等轴枝晶的生长模型.采用元胞自动机(cellular automata)方法模拟了枝晶生长、界面扰动和分枝的竞争演化.对液相中的溶质传输进行了计算.通过模拟发现,凝同过程中溶质容易富集在枝晶臂之间,同时,随着凝固时间的延长,界面前沿的溶质浓度梯度逐渐下降.     

Al-Si合金凝固组织的数值模拟及预测

建立有限元(Finite Element)和元胞自动机法(Cellular Automaton)相结合的宏微观耦合的CA-FE模型,模拟不同工艺条件下Al-Si合金的凝固组织,进行了热态验证实验.结果表明,模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合,能够较为准确地反映出等轴晶和柱状晶的分布位置、比例和大小;随着浇注温度的提高,铸件凝固组织中柱状晶比例逐渐增大,且晶粒明显变得粗大;铸锭的凝固组织主要受铸模本身冷却能力的控制,而受外界的冷却强度影响不大,随着铸模厚度的增大,凝固组织中柱状晶比例逐渐增大.     

Al-Cu合金凝固枝晶生长的数值模拟

基于元胞自动机方法构建了枝晶生长数值模型,并将其应用于Al-Cu二元合金凝固过程的模拟。在该模型中,枝晶尖端生长速度模型基于溶质守恒建立。模拟过程中重点考虑不同冷却速率及形核条件对柱状树枝晶形态与溶质偏析的影响。计算结果表明,凝固过程中溶质易于富集在枝晶臂之间的封闭或半封闭区域。同时,随着冷却速率加大,晶界偏析变得更为显著。形核密度在一定程度上影响着枝晶形态,特别是影响着二次和三次枝晶的生长。     

Simulation of the Dendrite Morphology and Microsegregation in Solidification of Al–Cu–Mg Aluminum Alloys

Since most typical alloys in industrial applications are multicomponent with three or more components, and various CA models proposed in the past mainly focus on the binary alloys, a two-dimensional modified cellular automaton model allowing for the quantitatively predicting dendrite growth of multicomponent alloys in the low Pe′clet number regime is presented. The elimination of the mesh-induced anisotropy is achieved by adopting a modified virtual front tracking method. A new efficient method based on the lever rule is applied to calculate the solid fraction increment of the interfacial cells. The thermodynamic data such as liquidus temperature, the partition coefficients, and the slope of liquidus surface, needed for determining the dynamics of dendrite growth, are obtained by coupling with Pan Engine. This model is applied to simulate the dendrite morphology and microsegregation of Al–Cu–Mg ternary alloy both for single and multidendrites growth. The simulated results demonstrate that the difference of the concentration distribution profiles ahead of the dendrite tip for each alloying element mainly results from the different partition coefficients and solute diffusion coefficients. Comparison with the prediction of analytical model is carried out and it reveals the correctness of the model.Consequently, the difference in interdendritic microsegregation behavior of different components is analyzed.     

Influence of natural convection during upward directional solidification: A comparison between in situ X-ray radiography and direct simulation of the grain structure

This paper presents a comparison between the in situ and real time observation of a directional solidification experiment carried out at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and a direct simulation of grain structure formation in the sample using a two-dimensional cellular automaton–finite element (CA-FE) model. In situ characterization of the columnar-to-equiaxed transition in a refined Al–3.5 wt.% Ni alloy is achieved by synchrotron X-ray radiography. Two main characteristics are derived from the radiographs for each nucleated grain, namely the nucleation position in the sample and the orientation of the main trunk relative to the vertical temperature gradient. These data are then used as input for the CA-FE simulations. The CA-FE model takes into account the effects of macroscopic transport of heat, liquid momentum and solute mass on the development of the dendritic grain structure and vice versa. The influence of convection on macroscopic shape of the growth front, the grain structure, the microstructure distribution and macro-segregation is determined by a comparison between the experimental observations and results from the numerical simulations with and without fluid flow. Good qualitative agreement is obtained and limitations that are linked to the two-dimensional approximation and the need for direct tracking of the eutectic grain structure are pointed out.     

The Effect of Temperature Gradient and Primary Arm Tip Velocity on Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing at Steady-state Conditions Solidification

A numerical procedure is presented by which the coarsening of secondary dendrite arms, during steady state solidification can be simulated. The numerical results are compared with experimental data obtained for binary Al-Cu alloys. Very good agreement of the measurements with the theoretical predictions is obtained for the spacing of secondary dendrite arms during solidification. Based on these results, a generally applicable function could be established for finally secondary dendrite arm spacing as a function of alloy composition, temperature gradient and primary arm tip velocity.     

虚拟凸模速度对冲压仿真结果的影响

通过对典型冲压件冲压过程中凸模速度参数对仿真结果的影响(包括对单元等效应力、厚向应变的影响)的分析 ,掌握了不同的参数值对仿真结果的影响 ,为在不同的仿真条件下合理选择这些参数提供了依据     

冷却速度对铸件二次枝晶臂间距影响的模拟研究

设计了45#钢阶梯凝固试验并进行了有限元分析,研究了不同冷却速度对二次枝晶臂间距尺寸的影响。根据模拟结果拟合了冷却速度与二次枝晶臂间距经验公式,为判断铸件冷却温度、建立高温扩散退火预判机制、降低铸件偏析和避免裂纹的产生提供理论依据。     

用Cellular Automaton模型方法模拟二元合金多晶粒枝晶生长

研究并针对Cellular Automaton凝固组织模拟方法的物理本质、数值计算方法以及在凝固微观组织模拟中的应用进行了探索。并利用Cellular Automaton凝固组织模拟方法，求解了Al-4．5Cu等轴晶多个枝晶同时生长过程。模拟结果和试验结果吻合很好。     

基于ABAQUS的螺栓连接结合面仿真与研究

利用ABAQUS软件对螺栓连接结合面进行建模仿真和模态分析,分别对预紧力、连接单元和绑定等3种模型进行仿真分析,并建立螺栓连接试件模态实验进行实验研究。通过验证对比可知,每一种建模方式均能仿真得出螺栓连接试件各阶模态的振型和固有频率,均有各自的误差和模型特点,分别适用于不同的设备机构和环境。验证了各种建模方式对螺栓连接结合面仿真的准确合理性,为以后螺栓连接结合面尤其在数控刀架领域建模仿真方法的选择提供参考。     

采用元胞自动机法模拟凝固微观组织的研究进展

系统论述了元胞自动机(CA)方法模拟凝固微观组织的原理,同时介绍了这种方法在国内外的研究现状。实际上,国内外的研究主要经历了从晶粒结构到枝晶结构,从二维到三维、从没有流场到包含流场的逐步深入的发展历程。最后对CA方法的进一步研究方向提出建议,指出CA方法需要进一步完善现有模拟过程中所采用的生长动力学模型,同时可以将应用范围向半固态凝固领域拓展。     

Mesoscopic Analysis of Deformation Heterogeneity and Recrystallization Microstructures of a Dual-Phase Steel Using a Coupled Simulation Approach

Microstructure-based numerical modeling of the deformation heterogeneity and ferrite recrystallization in a cold-rolled dual-phase(DP) steel has been performed by using the crystal plasticity finite element method(CPFEM) coupled with a mesoscale cellular automaton(CA) model. The microstructural response of subsequent primary recrystallization with the deformation heterogeneity in two-phase microstructures is studied. The simulations demonstrate that the deformation of multi-phase structures leads to highly strained shear bands formed in the soft ferrite matrix, which produces grain clusters in subsequent primary recrystallization. The early impingement of recrystallization fronts among the clustered grains causes mode conversions in the recrystallization kinetics. Reliable predictions regarding the grain size, microstructure morphology and kinetics can be made by comparison with the experimental results. The infl uence of initial strains on the recrystallization is also obtained by the simulation approach.     

铸铝枝晶生长的相场法模拟

简介了相场方法,利用相场法对纯铝进行了数值模拟,研究了晶核半径、界面厚度等参数对晶粒形貌的影响。模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合。表明相场方法符合枝晶生长的物理机制。