碧流河水库大坝安全监测自动化系统的运行情况分析

碧流河水库大坝安全监测自动化系统运行已10 a以上,获得了大量的监测资料。碧流河水库大坝安全监测自动化系统由加方大坝安全监测系统和中方大坝安全监测系统两部分组成。碧流河水库加方大坝安全监测系统所采用的监测设备主要进行大坝变形监测、渗流监测和其它监测。碧流河水库中方大坝安全监测自动化系统是进行大坝变形监测,变形监测自动化系统主要进行坝体的水平位移和挠度监测。碧流河水库大坝安全监测自动化系统为水库大坝安全监测提供了大量宝贵的资料,也为水库运行管理和科学调度提供了可靠的依据。     

水库大坝安全监测调查研究

水库大坝安全监测是检验设计、校核施工和了解大坝安全状态的有效手段。为准确了解水库大坝安全监测现状,采用函调、现场调查结合水库督察信息,对我国水库大坝安全监测情况进行了分析,指出了水库大坝安全监测存在问题,并提出了相关建议,为下一步做好水库大坝安全监测工作提供了参考。     

水利部加强水库大坝安全监测工作

据北极星水力发电网站为提高水库大坝安全管理水平,保障水库大坝安全运行,水利部印发《关于加强水库大坝安全监测工作的通知》(以下简称通知),就加强水库大坝安全监测工作提出具体要求。通知指出,要充分认识加强水库大坝安全监测工作的重要性和必要性。水库大坝安全监测是水库     

甘河子水库工程大坝安全监测分析

水库大坝在调节水流方面具有重要的作用,全面做好水库大坝安全监测工作是确保水库安全、稳定运行的关键所在。甘河子水库工程在大坝安全监测实施中,结合大坝安全监测布置特点,对水库大坝变形监测和渗流监测进行了分析,充分论证了各项监测数据变化规律性和监测结论的真实可靠性,进而反映了当前水库各建筑物所处的状态特性,并提出了措施与建议,为全面做好水库安全监测、保证大坝安全运行奠定了基础。分析成果可为小（1）型山区控制性水库工程大坝安全监测实施提供必要参考。     

简析大坝安全监测对水库安全运营的重要性

大坝安全监测对于水库能否正常运行至关重要,水库大坝安全监测要做到定时定点、规律系统,以观测数据的分析结果为主要依据,为水库安全运行提供服务。文章通过分析白龟山水库大坝安全监测工作的具体内容,以及水库大坝失事的案例,希望引起大家对大坝安全监测重要性的重视。     

我国水库大坝安全监测现状深度剖析与对策研究

当前我国水库大坝安全监测工作存在监测项目不完善、施工安装不规范、运行管护能力不足等问题,导致部分安全监测系统建成后不能正常运行,造成建设资金浪费甚至影响大坝安全管理工作。结合全国水库大坝安全监测系统建设与运行现状调研成果及工作经历,系统梳理大坝安全监测在规划、设计、审查、招标、施工、验收及运行管理等环节存在的一系列问题,并深度剖析水库大坝安全监测现状原因。针对性提出了改进水库大坝安全监测工作的对策和建议,包括提高对大坝安全监测工作重要性的认识,加大安全监测培训力度,研究出台大坝安全监测管理办法,组建大坝安全监测专家库,加强大坝安全监测专项督查,建设期间引入安全监测仪器检测与第三方鉴定环节等。本研究对促进我国水库大坝安全监测水平提升具有一定的指导意义。     

阎王鼻子水库安全监测资料分析与评价

水库大坝安全监测的目的是分析评估大坝的安全程度,以便及时采取措施,保证大坝的安全运行.文中以阎王鼻子水库为例,对水库大坝的水平位移、垂直位移及坝基渗流等安全监测资料进行分析,对水库安全监测系统的完备性做出了评价,并提出了建议.对于水库大坝安全监测资料的分析与水库安全管理具有一定参考价值.     

大坝安全监测自动化在彰武水库的应用

文章主要阐述了彰武水库大坝安全监测自动化的组成、布置、施工以及大坝安全监测控制在水库管理中发挥的作用,通过大坝安全监测自动化在彰武水库的应用,提高了水库综合自动化水平。     

潍坊市高崖水库工程大坝变形监测分析

水库大坝安全管理是水库运行管理的核心工作,大坝安全监测作为水库安全管理的重要内容,是及时发现安全隐患、掌握大坝安全状态的最有效手段。本文针对高崖水库大坝变形监测方式进行详细阐述,以便为今后大坝的变形监测提供参考指导。     

明光市水库大坝安全监测建设研究

水库是防洪保安的一道屏障,大坝安全对水库正常运行起着决定性作用。大坝安全监测可以对大坝按时进行健康体检,对保障大坝安全具有重要意义。本文针对明光市水库大坝安全监测的建设,对如何推进大坝安全管理进行了详细的探讨,并对水库大坝安全监测设计进行了详细阐述,供各地水利工程管理参考。     

地下厂房施工过程的三维非线性数值模拟分析

根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。     

Evaluation of freshwater mussel relocation as a conservation and management strategy

The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.     

基于模型试验的河床砂砾石层基本特性研究

为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。     

基于BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型的隧道围岩位移预测

在隧道工程施工中,围岩位移预测起着很重要的作用。将BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型引入到隧道围岩位移预测中来,通过对训练样本的学习,利用BP神经网络实现了对位移时间序列的滚动预测,同时得到了实测值与预测值的相对误差;在此基础上利用马尔科夫链对相对误差进行修正,有效地提高了预测结果的精度。并将该模型应用于某公路隧道拱顶下沉位移时序预测中,结果表明该模型具有精度高、科学可靠的特点,为隧道围岩变形的预测提供了新的途径。     

Short communication. Pipelines as a refuge for freshwater snails

In the lower River Murray, Australia, populations of gastropods have declined markedly over the past 40 years. Of the native fauna of about 18 species, only the ancylid Ferrissia petterdi remains common (but in patches), and another five species feature in sporadic local resurgences. Until recently the viviparid Notopala was thought to be extinct. The introduced physid Physa acuta is widespread, but in low numbers. The decline probably is associated with flow regulation, high turbidity and the introduction of common carp. Snail populations have persisted, however, in irrigation pipelines fed from the river, where they periodically cause blockages. This paper reports the discovery of the only known populaion of Notopala hanleyi in a pipeline where the inner wall accumulates microbial and other organic matter, providing high quality food for snails. In the Murray before regulation most of the periphytic biomass was probably microbial, as fluctuating water levels would have maintained littoral communities in a highly productive, early state of succession his postulated that, by stabilizing seasonal water levels, regulation has promoted the production of filamentous green algae, an inferior food source, and so displaced snail populations from the open aquatic environment.     

浙江省水域调查录入系统的设计和应用

浙江省水域调查录入系统将调查数据与电子地图相整合,对分类水域数据进行统计计算,并对输入数据进行合理性和完整性检查,得到调查范围内现有水域的详细数据,实现了水域调查数据输入、计算、统计和查询的数字化管理,提高了工作效率和工作质量,为各地下阶段水域保护规划编制和水域管理工作提供了数据支持。对该系统的设计原则、功能和技术设计等作了介绍。     

基于CT-连续加荷水泥乳化沥青混凝土细观损伤规律研究

利用CT技术对水泥乳化沥青混凝土的细观损伤过程进行实时扫描观测,获得了混凝土试件在连续加荷下的CT图像。通过采用直观分析法、CT数分析法、CT数与损伤变量关系3种方法分析表明,水泥乳化沥青混凝土的破坏过程可分为压密、扩容、裂纹扩展、破坏4个阶段,同时混凝土在受压过程中具有韧性,在极限荷载之前各断面处于压密和微扩容的强化阶段,极限荷载之后混凝土从损伤到破坏发展比较平稳。     

浅谈天湖水电站水轮机运行故障及处理措施

简述天湖水电站投运以来各种故障的表现形式，分析其原因，提出了相应的处理方法及措施，并对合理利用国内外设备提出建议。     

Fish assemblage response to recent mitigation of a channelized warmwater stream

Various designs of low‐head dams are used to rehabilitate streams or forestall upstream channel incision after channelization. We report on the efficacy of using notched sills and grade control structures (GCS) to restore the fish assemblage in Luxapallila Creek, Mississippi. We tested the null hypotheses that habitat variables and species richness, evenness, and assemblage structure would not differ among: (1) a channelized segment with no modifications; (2) a channelized segment mitigated by the installation of sills and GCS; (3) a segment upstream of the installations and undergoing channel incision; and (4) an unaltered segment. Although habitat variables changed, neither species richness, evenness, nor fish assemblage structure differed between mitigated and channelized segments with both exhibiting less richness and different assemblage structures than the unaltered segment. Lack of differences in species richness between the incised and unaltered segments suggest that the GCS may have halted the negative effects of upstream channel incision before species were extirpated. Conspicuous habitat differences between the altered (channelized and mitigated) and unaltered segments were lack of backwaters and canopy coverage and finer substrates in the altered segments. Our results suggest a more comprehensive rehabilitation strategy is required in Luxapallila Creek. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

NUMERICAL STUDY OF WAVE EFFECTS ON SURFACE WIND STRESS AND SURFACE MIXING LENGTH BY THREE-DIMENSIONAL CIRCULATION MODELING

1. INTRODUCTION Coastal and continental shelf regions are characterized by intensive interaction between wave and current. These regions are of great economic significance to mankind. Therefore, the modeling of wave and current as well as their mutual int…