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通过利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法,对2008年、2009年、2010年汉江干支流49处断面水样进行了分析,探讨了汉江干支流水质变化情况,认为汉中市境内的汉江干流断面、主要支流入汉河口断面均满足(GB3838-2002)《地表水环境质量标准》中的Ⅲ类水标准,其中有2个城镇排污口断面为严重污染,主要污染物为高锰酸盐指数、氨氮。 相似文献
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采用单因子评价法和水污染指数法对2021年海河干流上7个点位进行取样分析,监测项目为《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)表1中的24项评价指标。对海河干流各断面的年均值进行评价,并进行枯水期和丰水期对比。结果表明,海河干流水质2021年比2016年得到了显著改善,2021年海河干流上游水质平均值符合地表水Ⅲ类标准,完成水功能区水质达标要求;下游全年水质劣于Ⅴ类标准。丰水期受雨后排污影响,上游水质劣于枯水期,下游水质优于枯水期。海河干流的主要污染物为化学需氧量。 相似文献
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本文简述了1996年淮河流域出现的历史上罕见的冬汛情况,通过水量水质的对比分析,说明各汛的丰沛水量,使淮河干流枯水期的水质,符合地面水Ⅲ类水环境质量标准,也使整个流域枯水期水体达到Ⅲ类水标准的比率提高,并维持了三个月之久,最后指出淮河流域水质的彻底改善仍需在污染治理上更加努力。 相似文献
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基于数学模型的苏州河上游和支流水质对干流水质的影响分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
苏州河水质的好坏既受上游边界来水水质的影响,又受支流水质的影响。本文通过建立水动力水质模型对这两类影响进行研究,分析了上游来水水质变化以及支流达到V类水标准对苏州河水质的影响程度,进而预测了上游来水改善和支流达标时苏州河水质最大的改善程度。研究表明,要使苏州河水质达到国家V类地表水标准,去除支流污染负荷和改善上游来水水质二者缺一不可。 相似文献
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汾河10年水质污染分析与治理保护建议 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
在汾河上选取7处水质监测断面,阐述汾河上、中、下游连续10年的水质污染情况,分析污染原因,主要是工业直接入汾排污、支流污染以及污水处理设施严重滞后,在此基础上,提出汾河水质污染治理保护建议。 相似文献
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采用单因子指数法对三峡库区进行地表水水质评价,结果表明:三峡库区(长江、嘉陵江、乌江)水质总体保持Ⅱ~Ⅲ类标准,无明显恶化趋势;但次级河流污染严重,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类水质的断面数仅占48%,水质较差。对研究区水环境存在的主要问题及形成原因作了剖析,指出工业污水、固体废物、水土流失、生活垃圾、农业非点源污染是造成近年来水环境污染加重的主要原因,市政水处理设施严重滞后也是造成库区水环境质量改善缓慢的主要原因。提出了三峡库区可持续水环境保护的对策。 相似文献
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Integrated solutions for urban runoff pollution control in Brazilian metropolitan regions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Morihama AC Amaro C Tominaga EN Yazaki LF Pereira MC Porto MF Mukai P Lucci RM 《Water science and technology》2012,66(4):704-711
One of the most important causes for poor water quality in urban rivers in Brazil is the low collection efficiency of the sewer system due to unforeseen interconnections with the stormwater drainage system. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Brazilian cities have adopted separate systems for sanitary sewers and stormwater runoff. Gradually these two systems became interconnected. A major challenge faced today by water managers in Brazil is to find efficient and low cost solutions to deal with this mixed system. The current situation poses an important threat to the improvement of the water quality in urban rivers and lakes. This article presents an evaluation of the water quality parameters and the diffuse pollution loads during rain events in the Pinheiros River, a tributary of the Tietê River in S?o Paulo. It also presents different types of integrated solutions for reducing the pollution impact of combined systems, based on the European experience in urban water management. An evaluation of their performance and a comparison with the separate system used in most Brazilian cities is also presented. The study is based on an extensive water quality monitoring program that was developed for a special investigation in the Pinheiros River and lasted 2.5 years. Samples were collected on a daily basis and water quality variables were analyzed on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Two hundred water quality variables were monitored at 53 sampling points. During rain events, additional monitoring was carried out using an automated sampler. Pinheiros River is one of the most important rivers in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Region and it is also a heavily polluted one. 相似文献
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A study was made on the water quality of the rivers in Mongolia over the years 1949-1990 for the three river basins in the country. In most of the 72 monitoring stations, the water quality is governed by geological and hydrological characteristics; bicarbonate and calcium are the most abundant major ions. No significant trends were observed between river discharges and total dissolved solids contents. The sediment yields (expressed in the run-off of total suspended solids, TSS) were always low, viz. between 0.02 and 20 x 10(3) kg TSS/km2 yr. In general, the rivers in Mongolia showed low pollution levels for organic pollution, phosphorus, nitrogen, etc., and no time trends were observed in this respect. This does not hold, however, for the northern Tul River, where especially high BOD and ammonium values were found. This can probably be ascribed to the presence of industries and larger cities, as well as agricultural practices. The rivers in Mongolia can generally be classified as "clean" or "of acceptable quality". In contrast, the Tuul River was shown to be "moderately polluted", with a deteriorating trend in water quality over recent years. 相似文献
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研究陕西省渭河流域地表水质时程和流程,对陕西境内上下游2个主要控制断面的近20年水质指标时程演化特性进行了分析,对渭河干流13个控制断面9个监测指标的流程变化趋势进行了分析。经过分析表明:从时程上看,渭河流域水质呈严重恶化态势,各分析指标都不同程度随时间的推移而增加;从流程上看,渭河在进入陕西时水质状况较好,而在咸阳和西安地段污染状况十分严重,众多指标严重超标,水质量极差,受人类活动和流域水文过程的影响,渭河流域地表水污染严重,水质具有明显的时空演化特征,必须采取有效措施来遏制水环境质量的进一步恶化。 相似文献
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根据松辽流域省界河流水质监测断面的资料 ,依照《地面水环境质量标准》(GB 3838- 88)和《地表水资源质量标准》(SL 6 3- 94)对省界河段进行水质评价 ,结果表明 ,全流域多数界河水体受到不同程度的污染 ,达 类以上水质的河段占 77.8% ,并有加重污染的趋势。因此 ,必须采取有效措施保护界河水环境质量 相似文献
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根据近5 a来长江流域水资源质量公报和水资源公报等方面的监测数据,初步分析了长江干流及主要支流水功能区一级区和二级区中饮用水源区水质达标情况,并对主要污染物质变化情况进行了讨论。分析结果表明:①水功能区一级区达标率明显提高,其中河流达标率始终高于湖库,湖库达标率年内变幅较大;②水功能区二级区达标情况虽然也提高了11.6%,但湖库饮用水源地达标率仍然处于下降状态;③从长江流域水资源二级区看,各河段水功能区一级区达标率都有所改善,改善最明显的是宜宾—宜昌江段,其次是岷沱江,除金沙江石鼓以下干流和嘉陵江等山区河流外,大部分江段枯季达标率相对较差,说明长江水质总体尚好的主要原因是巨大的水环境容量;④河流饮用水源区达标率比较高,但年内变幅也较大,改善比较大的是宜宾—宜昌干流和湖口以下干流,分别提高了50.6%和29.2%,乌江有所退步,达标率下降了21.6%,主要超标项目是总磷;⑤随着点源治理效果显现,总磷已经超过氨氮和化学需氧量(COD),成为长江几乎所有水体最主要的超标项目。总之,要进一步提高长江水质达标率,需要根据各水域主要污染源,精准控源,科学调控和持久发力。 相似文献