发射分集MC-CDMA系统空时多用户检测

该文研究了在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中的同步多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统上行链路,在移动终端处使用两个发射天线,采用基于空时分组码的发射分集,基站采用分集天线接收。考虑对应于子载波的衰落系数是信道冲激响应的离散傅里叶变换,给出了采用发射分集和接收分集的MC-CDMA系统上行链路信号模型。研究了采用发射分集和接收分集的MC-CDMA系统的解相关多用户检测、最小均方误差(MMSE)多用户检测,进行联合的多用户检测和空时码解码。仿真结果验证了上述模型及算法的有效性。     

非理想CSI下MIMO MRC系统多用户分集性能分析*

针对在无线多输入—多输出（MIMO）通信系统的发射端采用波束成形、接收端采用最大比合并的MIMO MRC系统,考虑收发端仅能获得存在信道估计误差的非理想信道信息（CSI）且系统受到共信道干扰这一条件,分析系统的多用户分集性能。导出封闭形式的信号干扰噪声比的概率分布函数表达式和以平均容量的形式给出的系统多用户分集性能表达式。数值仿真证实了理论分析的结果。研究表明,信道估计误差和共信道干扰均会降低系统的多用户分集性能,而信道估计的精度是影响系统多用户分集性能的关键因素。     

MIMO系统中基于微时隙波束选择的机会波束形成性能仿真

文章研究了可以获得MIMO系统慢衰落信道中下行链路多用户分集增益和复用增益的机会波束形成（OBF）技术,并将其扩展到接收端多天线的情况下,发射端采用基于微时隙的波束选择技术进一步提高系统容量。每个微时隙基站利用随机产生的酉矩阵将M个数据子流承载在M个随机波束上进行发送,根据每个用户的反馈信干噪比机会地决定接收用户。最后系统选择使其容量最大的正交酉矩阵发送数据,并用注水算法进行功率分配进一步提高系统吞吐量。文中提出方法的优点在于,在接收端多天线的情况下系统通过波束选择技术进一步提高系统吞吐量。     

天线相关性对D-MIMO系统极限性能的影响

研究用户设备(UE)天线相关性对多用户分布式多输入多输出(D-MIMO)系统极限性能的影响。与单用户D-MIMO系统中天线相关性会恶化系统性能的传统观点不同,仿真结果表明,在多用户环境下,UE端的天线相关性可以带来系统性能增益,该增益的主要来源是多用户分集和信道能量的聚集效应。     

STFBC用于MIMO-OFDM性能分析

本文对具有时域和空域分集的通信方案以及同时具有时域、空域和频域分集的通信方案的性能进行了对比。在对比中采用相同的发射速率,两种方案分别为使用2个发射天线、1个接收天线的MISO系统以及使用2个发射天线、2个接收天线的MIMO系统。两种方案中均使用了OFDM技术。模拟实验给出了对应一系列固定无线应用信道模型的模拟结果。     

基于虚拟MIMO子信道的多用户分集资源调度算法

根据多天线(MIMO)信道空间相关特性,提出一种虚拟子信道的分析方法,从子信道角度探讨信道容量在发射端已知信道响应时预期的性能改善;在此基础上,提出一种逼近信道容量上限的波束形成方法,发掘MIMO信道矩阵最大奇异值与波束形成矢量潜在的联系,并从理论角度详细分析了单用户与多用户最大奇异值联合分布特性,实现阵列增益、空间分集和多用户分集充分融合;仿真与分析表明,利用用户间潜在的随机分布特性能有效提高用户的空间分集增益,提高系统资源利用率,对系统性能改善显著.     

X信道中一种改进的空时编码传输方案

为提高空时编码传输效率,提出一种在X信道中为每个用户配置2根天线的改进空时编码传输方案。每个用户采用全速率全分集空时分组码,将每个码字的部分元素旋转适当的角度,并且对每个码字进行两层预编码。通过一层预编码使得每个接收端的非期望接收码字对齐,在每个码字中引入零向量以及接收端的线性运算,消除每个接收端的非期望接收码字。通过另一层预编码使得每个接收端的期望接收码字正交传输,从而消除多用户干扰。仿真结果显示,与相同场景中已有空时编码传输方案相比,该方案能有效提高传输效率,且可靠性较优。     

OFDM通信系统中的最优合并空间分集算法

本文分析了OFDM通信系统在平坦瑞利多径衰落条件下采用最优合并(OC)空间分集接收算法的QAM调制信号的平均误符号率(SER)。采用在DFT变换前进行分集合并方法,大大减小了计算代价。考虑到同信道干扰(CCI)用户数大于或等于分集接收天线数,对各接收天线的接收信号按照输出最大信干比的原则进行加权合并。给出了平均SER的仿真结果,表明最优合并空间分集算法具有较好的性能。     

基于对数似然比的发射天线选择

基于对数似然比(LLR)的天线分集是误码性能优于传统基于信噪比(SNR)天线分集的一种新技术,并降低了系统的实现复杂性和成本。为此对基于LLR的发射天线选择新技术进行了研究,推导了多输入多输出(MIMO)Nakagami衰落信道上基于符号对数似然比(SLLR)和比特对数似然比(BLLR)的发射天线选择准则,并对M进制调制系统进行仿真研究。结果表明,基于BLLR准则的MIMO系统误比特率最小;采用SLLR准则和BLLR准则时,在保持发射端和接收端的天线总数不变的条件下,分集数量级大的系统误比特率性能好;数量级相等时,接收天线较多的系统性能较优。     

采用不同STBC分集模式的OFDM系统性能分析

由于空时编码技术和OFDM技术各自的特点，两者能很好地结合在一起，而影响空时编码获得最大分集增益的主要因素是系统的发射、接收天线数目和多径数目。该文详细分析了采用空时分组编码的OFDM系统的模型，通过改变发射分集和接收分集来仿真不同传输环境下OFDM系统的性能，并对不同分集模式性能进行对比分析，仿真结果表明，多普勒频移对系统性能有较大影响，增加发射天线个数能有效克服系统错误平台效应，接收端采用分集技术比发射端增加天线个数能更有效提高系统性能。在进行空时分组编码设计时，可以首先考虑增加接收天线数目以改善系统性能。     

多天线Rayleigh衰落相关信道的平均信道容量

研究了空间衰落相关的Rayleigh信道的平均信道容量,其发射端和接收端均采用多天线系统.在实际情况中,接收端有理想的信道状态信息,而发射端没有任何信道信息,因此在各发射天线上采用等功率分配进行发射.本文推导了具有2根发射天线和多根接收天线（TIMO）衰落相关信道的平均信道容量,将其和Monte-Carlo仿真结果比较,并进一步研究空间相关性对信道容量的影响.数值结果表明：信道的空间相关性降低了平均信道容量,而且不同于多入单出（MISO）信道,当信噪比一直增大,由相关性带来的容量损失也增大且不收敛.     

多用户CDMA系统中Turbo-BLAST迭代检测算法

将V-BLAST结构和CDMA技术相结合,构造了多用户CDMA系统模型,提出了一种联合多用户检测和Turbo迭代思想的多用户检测算法.该方案首先利用解相关算法对接收信号进行空时多用户检测.以去除用户间干扰.然后再对期望用户的接收信号进行软干扰抵消迭代检测,以去除天线间干扰.解相关后数据检测仅和单个用户的天线数目有关,算法复杂度较低.仿真结果表明,构造的空时多用户模型可使各用户检测相对独立,有利于已有单用户Turbo-BLAST方案的应用.     

Optimal user scheduling and power control in multi-user cognitive broadcast systems

Cognitive radio systems should not only have the ability to sense and exploit "frequency spectrum holes",but also the ability to sense and utilize "spatial spectrum holes".In this paper,we consider the issue of maximizing the throughput of the cognitive systems by fully utilizing "spatial spectrum holes" brought in by multiple cognitive users,in the scenario where a pair of licensed users and a cognitive broadcast system share multiple spectrum bands.By exploiting the channel reciprocity under the premise that the licensed system adopts the time-division-duplexing (TDD) mode,we propose a more practical cognitive access scheme that can sense the interference at the licensed user caused by the cognitive transmitter,based on the existing feedback signals from the licensed user to the licensed base station.Taking both interferences from the licensed base station to the cognitive receiver and from the cognitive transmitter to the licensed user into consideration,we investigate the optimal user scheduling and power allocation scheme that can maximize the ergodic sum rate of the cognitive system.We show that scheduling the user whose channel gain to interference and noise ratio (CGINR) is the largest for each frequency band is optimal.We also derive the dynamic power allocation scheme meeting the three practical constraints,i.e.,the transmitter’s average transmission power constraint,the power amplifier’s instantaneous transmission power constraint,and the interference power constraint at the licensed user.The result shows that in different coherent time intervals and different frequency bands,the power allocation has a multi-level waterfilling structure.Theoretical analysis shows that the strategy scheduling user with the largest CGINR introduces significant performance improvement compared with the traditional strategy scheduling user with the largest channel gain to noise ratio (CGNR).We also illustrate the impact of power constraints and the number of users on system performance by simulation.     

Blind Capon-like adaptive ST-BC MIMO-CDMA receiver based on constant modulus criterion

In this paper, we present a new Capon-like blind receiver based on linearly constrained constant modulus (LCCM) criterion for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas system along with space–time block code (ST-BC) using direct-sequence code division multiple access (CDMA) modulation technique. A time-varying channel model with generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) associated with the recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is implemented to reduce the complexity of receiver design. In our derived algorithm, the parameter of constant modulus, α, relating to the desired user power is updated adaptively via stochastic gradient algorithm to track user?s amplitude variation. Also we prove theoretically that in the two-branch filter bank receiver design the weight vector of one branch can be updated simply using the other one, which has been obtained with our proposed CM-GSC-RLS algorithm, with simple pre-calculated transform. Hence computation complexity of the proposed adaptive blind receiver can be further reduced significantly. Via intense simulations it reveals that our proposed scheme has robust performance against the user?s acquisition inaccuracies comparing with current available algorithms.     

Multi-user rate and power analysis in a cognitive radio network with massive multi-input multi-output

This paper discusses transmission performance and power allocation strategies in an underlay cognitive radio (CR) network that contains relay and massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO). The downlink transmission performance of a relay-aided massive MIMO network without CR is derived. By using the power distribution criteria, the k^th user’s asymptotic signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is independent of fast fading. When the ratio between the base station (BS) antennas and the relay antennas becomes large enough, the transmission performance of the whole system is independent of BS-to-relay channel parameters and relates only to the relay-to-users stage. Then cognitive transmission performances of primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) in an underlay CR network with massive MIMO are derived under perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI), including the end-to-end SINR and achievable sum rate. When the numbers of primary base station (PBS) antennas, secondary base station (SBS) antennas, and relay antennas become infinite, the asymptotic SINR of the k^th PU and SU is independent of fast fading. The interference between the primary network and secondary network can be canceled asymptotically. Transmission performance does not include the interference temperature. The secondary network can use its peak power to transmit signals without causing any interference to the primary network. Interestingly, when the antenna ratio becomes large enough, the asymptotic sum rate equals half of the rate of a single-hop single-antenna K-user system without fast fading. Next, the PUs’ utility function is defined. The optimal relay power is derived to maximize the utility function. The numerical results verify our analysis. The relationships between the transmission rate and the antenna number, relay power, and antenna ratio are simulated. We show that the massive MIMO with linear pre-coding can mitigate asymptotically the interference in a multi-user underlay CR network. The primary and secondary networks can operate independently.     

基于分集增益与能量增益的多用户分集性能研究

协作分集通过形成虚拟天线阵的方式可以有效降低无线信道衰落特性对系统性能的影响,当存在多个可用中继时,通常采用基于空时码的协作策略,该方法具有较高的实现复杂度。为了使系统容易实现,机会分集技术成为近来研究的热点,本文基于分集增益与能量增益对机会分集技术中的多用户分集做了研究,并与相同条件下基于空时码的协作策略作了性能比较。结果表明,多用户分集技术与基于空时码的协作策略具有相同的分集度,同时前者可以获得能量增益。     

自适应MIMO系统在反馈延时下的性能分析

为了提高无线通信系统的频谱利用率,提出一种简单而实用的开环自适应MIMO系统,利用最优贪婪调度算法,在多用户分集和多天线分集的作用下,有效地改善系统的性能.推导了在反馈存在延时的信道条件下频谱效率和中断概率的闭合表达式、分析了发射天线数、重传、用户数以及延时对系统整体性能的影响.     

基于功率控制的大规模MIMO系统能效优化算法

能效优化是5 G通信领域的一个研究热点.首先针对单小区多用户上行大规模MIMO通信系统,在满足用户QoS需求和系统可容忍的信道有效噪声条件下,建立关于发射功率、导频序列长度、基站天线数的能效优化模型;其次,不同于传统利用迭代算法求解使系统能效最佳的基站天线数,提出了采用Lambert W函数分析得到最佳基站天线数的闭式表达式;最后根据分式规划理论,采用迭代优化算法联合优化系统导频序列长度、发射功率、基站天线数.仿真结果表明,该算法较现有算法能效提高了11.2％,说明该算法能有效提高系统性能.     

MIMO 系统分集复用折中及自适应链路实现

多输入多输出技术可以增加分集阶数或系统自由度,以往研究多侧重于最大化其中一种增益,不能充 分利用多天线系统的性能．针对上述问题,本文提出了一种新的基于链路自适应技术的分集复用折中方法．该方法 以误比特率为判决准则,依据实时信道状态信息进行自适应码率、功率分配,并通过少量比特信息反馈到发送端来 确定系统的工作方式．同时,为降低计算量,通过对不同工作方式下接收端信噪比边界值的近似,给出了低复杂度 的次优判决准则．本文所提算法可充分利用分集、复用增益,提高系统可靠性的同时保证了较高的传输速率,具有 较小的计算量,抗扰动性强．仿真结果表明,与传统方法相比本文提出的折中方法具有较好的性能,满足了无线通 信系统实时性、快速性的要求．