新辅助化疗在局部晚期胃癌治疗中临床应用

目的:探讨新辅助化疗在局部晚期胃癌治疗中效果,以期提高临床治疗水平。方法:随机选取2009年1月-2011年1月90例局部晚期胃癌患者,分成2组,对照组直接进行手术治疗,观察组先予以新辅助化疗后再进行手术治疗,观察2组治疗后临床效果。结果:观察组CR+PR例数为29例,有效率为64.5%。新辅助化疗毒副作用以Ⅰ、Ⅱ为主。2组1年复发率及生存率无显著差异,观察组2年复发率低于对照组,3、5年生存率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论:新辅助化疗可降低局部晚期胃癌患者术后复发率,提高远期生存率。     

多层螺旋CT在胃癌术前新辅助化疗临床分期中应用价值

目的 :探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在胃癌术前新辅助化疗临床分期中的应用价值。方法 :83例胃癌患者,于新辅助化疗实施前进行MSCT及病理组织学检查,以病理检查为金标准,计算MSCT判断胃癌患者TNM分期的准确性,并探讨其图像特征。结果 :MSCT判断胃癌患者T分期的整体准确率为78.31%(65/83),其判断T_3、T_4期的准确率高于T_1、T_2期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MSCT判断胃癌患者N分期的整体准确率为73.49%(61/83),其判断各期之间的准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MSCT判断胃癌患者M分期的整体准确率为87.95%(73/83),其判断M0期的准确率高于M1期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:MSCT影像特征性明显,对胃癌术前临床分期的判断具有较高的准确性,且对中晚期胃癌的判断能力更强,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

多西紫杉醇联合顺铂新辅助化疗对食管癌疗效分析

目的 :探讨多西紫杉醇联合顺铂新辅助化疗治疗食管癌的疗效及应用价值。方法:以2010年6月至2012年6月在我院治疗的120例食管癌患者作为研究对象。随机分为对照组60例和观察组60例,对照组给予手术治疗;观察组给予术前多西紫杉醇联合顺铂新辅助化疗与手术治疗。比较2组食管癌患者根治性切除率、肿瘤标志物水平、6个月及1年生存率。结果:观察组近期疗效治疗有效率为53.3%,且毒副反应较轻。观察组根治性切除率RO高达97.6%,显著高于对照组81.7%,组间差异具有统计学意义。观察组CEA下降水平显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义。观察组6个月生存率与1年生存率高于对照组,但差异不具有统计学意义。结论:多西紫杉醇联合顺铂新辅助化疗治疗食管癌毒副反应较轻,可显著提高手术RO切除率,控制肿瘤发展,提高患者生存率,值得临床进一步深入探讨及推广应用。     

血清CEA、CA125、CA19-9和CA72-4联合检测在胃癌诊断及治疗中的意义

目的 :探讨血清CEA、CA125、CA19-9和CA72-4联合检测在胃癌诊断及治疗中的临床价值。方法 :采用电化学发光法对48例胃癌患者手术前后、30例胃息肉患者、32例健康体检者血清CEA、CA125、CA19-9和CA72-4水平进行检测。结果 :胃癌患者血清中四种肿瘤标志物水平明显高于胃息肉患者和健康体健者(P<0.05)。胃癌Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者血清中四种肿瘤标志物水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05)。同时胃癌高、中分化患者血清中四种肿瘤标志物水平和低分化患者血清中四种肿瘤标志物水平相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。四种肿瘤标志物联合检查胃癌的诊断敏感性和准确性明显高于单一标志物。结论 :联合检测血清CEA、CA125、CA19-9和CA72-4水平可作为胃癌的早期诊断、手术方法的选择、疗效评价及预后监测的参考指标。     

超声刀与高频电刀在胃癌D2根治术中的应用对比

目的:探讨超声刀与高频电刀对胃癌D2根治术患者营养指标、应激反应及生活质量的影响.方法:纳入2017年1月～2020年1月间于我院行D2根治术的胃癌患者92例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各46例.观察组术中使用超声刀,对照组术中使用高频电刀.比较两组围术期指标,术前、术后1d评估患者应激反应[C反应蛋...     

多柔比星脂质体与表柔比星在乳腺癌化疗中的疗效对比

目的:对比多柔比星脂质体与表柔比星在乳腺癌化疗中的疗效与安全性。方法:以我院2012年3月至2014年3月收治的152例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,进行前瞻性对照分析。使用随机数表将患者分为多柔比星组、表柔比星组,各76例。多柔比星组采用紫杉醇+环磷酰胺+多柔比星脂质体方案,表柔比星组采用紫杉醇+环磷酰胺+表柔比星方案,化疗4周期后评价临床效果、毒副反应发生率,随访比较生存情况。结果:多柔比星组临床总有效率为74.66%,略高于表柔比星组的69.74%,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多柔比星组脱发、心肌损害发生率及分级均低于表柔比星组,其过敏反应发生率高于表柔比星组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多柔比星组3年无病生存时间(DFS)高于表柔比星组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者3年总生存时间(OS)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:两种药物的疗效相仿,而多柔比星脂质体能够降低脱发、心肌损害发生风险,延长患者DFS,但其过敏反应值得重视。     

打磨培训与计算机辅助在生产中的应用

针对铝合金车体打磨培训中存在的不规范、不系统等问题,探索并提出一套系统规范的打磨培训与计算机辅助的培训方法。通过对车间技术管理人员进行“四多法”及“四步法”的培训,以及应用计算机辅助工程（Computer Aided Engineering,CAE）、计算机辅助质量（Computer Aided Quality,CAQ）、计算机辅助工艺设计（Computer Aided Process Planning,CAPP）,缩短培训周期,提高工作效率。在计算机技术应用方面,通过优化工艺设计,降低了人力、物力消耗,对提高打磨质量和制造水平具有十分重要的现实意义。     

肿瘤异常蛋白在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其与化疗效果相关性

目的 :分析肿瘤异常蛋白(Tumor abnormal protein,TAP)在乳腺癌患者中的表达及其与化疗效果的相关性,为患者预后的早期评估提供参考。方法 :选取我院2014年1月—2015年3月符合标准的156例乳腺癌患者,对其化疗前末梢血涂片TAP凝聚物面积进行检测,比较不同病理特征、不同近期疗效患者TAP表达的差异,分析TAP评估患者新辅助化疗近期疗效的临床价值。结果:化疗前TAP正常者36例,TAP异常(凝聚物较小)者76例,TAP异常(凝聚物较大)者44例,TAP异常率为76.92%。不同肿瘤直径、病理分级、淋巴结状态、ER状态、PR状态及三阴性乳腺癌患者化疗前TAP表达情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。156例患者均完成2周期化疗,疗程结束后PR89例,SD 40例,PD 27例。PR者化疗前TAP凝聚物面积低于SD/PD患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :TAP在乳腺癌预后评估及疗效监测等方面具有一定临床应用价值,值得进一步研究。     

BIM、AR等辅助技术在建筑工程机械自动化中的开发与应用研究

机械自动化技术能够推动建筑工程快速发展,对建筑工程取得经济效益和实施安全生产有着积极的作用.建筑工程实现机械自动化是一个漫长的发展过程,需要对科学技术进行深入研究,这样才能够充分的发挥出机械自动化应用效果.本文对BIM、AR等辅助技术在建筑工程机械自动化中的开发与应用进行研究.     

新技术与新设备在煤矿企业大型综合机械化采掘设备中的应用

对煤矿合理的采掘,对于提高煤矿企业的经济效益及保证安全生产等方面都有十分重要的意义.但从另一方面来说,我国煤炭采掘技术装备总体水平比较低,是机械化、部分机械化和手工作业并存的多层次结构.为此,探讨新技术与新设备在煤矿企业大型综合机械化采掘设备中的应用具有重要的意义.     

EMRS在晚期鼻咽癌患者放化疗中的应用价值

目的:观察并分析基于电子病历系统(electronic medical record system,EMRS)对晚期鼻咽癌患者放化疗期间干预质量的影响。方法:选取2019年1月-2020年12月太和县人民医院收治的84例晚期鼻咽癌患者,随机分为常规组和观察组,各组42例,常规组给予常规干预方法,观察组在常规组基础上给予基于电子病历系统的干预方法。对比2组干预前后患者自我感受负担、舒适度;对比2组干预期间患者依从性和干预后满意度。结果:干预前2组患者照顾、经济、家庭、情感、治疗负担评分及总评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与干预前相比,干预后2组患者照顾、经济、家庭、情感、治疗负担评分及总评分均降低(P<0.05),且干预后观察组评分均低于常规组(P<0.05);干预前2组患者生理、心理、社会、环境舒适状况评分及总分差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05),与干预前相比,2组患者干预后生理、心理、社会、环境舒适状况评分和总分均有所增加(P<0.05),且干预后观察组评分均高于常规组(P<0.05);2组患者依从性和满意度等级分布比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组完全依从率和总满意率均高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:晚期鼻咽癌患者放化疗期间应用基于电子病历系统的干预方法,能够减轻患者自我感受负担,增强舒适度,提升干预质量,并且提高患者依从性和满意度,可推广使用。     

机器人在先进制造业应用与研究

柔性制造、计算机集成、精益生产、虚拟制造等是先进制造业的发展趋势,机器人技术在先进制造系统中的地位和作用十分重要,但是目前在机器人向先进制造系统集成方面有一些问题需要突破.     

益气滋阴固本方联合DP方案治疗中晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的探讨益气滋阴固本方联合DP方案(多西他赛联合顺铂)治疗中晚期肺癌的临床疗效。方法将76例中晚期肺癌患者随机分为对照组和观察组各38例,对照组给予DP方案(多西他赛+顺铂)化疗,观察组在对照组化疗基础上联合益气滋阴固本方治疗,治疗结束后对比2组疗效及安全性。结果观察组肿瘤疗效有效率60.53%,优于对照组的34.21%,肿瘤疗效获益率92.11%,优于对照组的63.18%,中医症候疗效总有效率84.21%,优于对照组的55.26%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组安全性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论益气滋阴固本方联合DP方案治疗中晚期肺癌,可明显降低化疗毒副作用,提高化疗疗效,值得临床进一步研究推广。     

High level of circPTN promotes proliferation and stemness in gastric cancer

Increasing evidence proves that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in regulating the biological behaviors of tumors. The central purpose of this research was to investigate the functions of circRNA in gastric cancer. The utilization of real-time PCR was to test circPTN expression in gastric cancer cells. Cell counting colony formation assays, CCK-8 assay, and EdU assay were used to investigate proliferation. Transwell assay was applied to investigate migration. We discovered that circPTN was highly expressed in gastric cancer cells. Low expression of circPTN inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration. Elevated expression of circPTN promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, we discovered that circPTN could accelerate self-renewal and increase the expression of stemness markers. The results of our study suggested that a high level of circPTN expression promotes the proliferation and stemness of gastric cancer cells.     

Construction and validation of prognostic model based on autophagy-related lncRNAs in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancer worldwide. Although emerging evidence indicates thatautophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the progression of GC, the prognosis ofGC based on autophagy is still deficient. The Cancer Genome of Atlas stomach adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD) datasetwas downloaded and separated into a training set and a testing set randomly. Then, 24 autophagy-related lncRNAs werefound strongly associated with the survival of the TCGA-STAD dataset. 11 lncRNAs were selected to build the risk scoremodel through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Every patient got a risk score (RS),and patients were separated into a high-risk group and a low-risk group due to the median RS. The multivariate Coxanalysis showed that the RS could be an independent prognosis predictor. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and theReceiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve indicated the model had an excellent prediction effect. Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that the mRNAs in the prognosticnetwork were mainly involved in the autophagy and ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding. Gene Set EnrichmentAnalysis (GSEA) analysis uncovered that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the high-risk group partiallyparticipated in the ECM receptor interaction and other signaling pathways. Our results indicated that the risk scoremodel based on the autophagy-related lncRNAs performed well in the prediction of prognosis for patients with GC.     

Clinical implication of naive and memory T cells in locally advanced cervical cancer: A proxy for tumor biology and short-term response prediction

Background: This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of tumor-infiltrating immune cells withdifferent phenotypic characteristics for predicting short-term clinical responses in patients with locally advancedcervical cancer (LACC). Methods: Thirty-four patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy and twenty-onepatients who merely underwent radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively analyzed the T cellmarkers (i.e., CD3, CD4, CD8), memory markers (i.e., CD45, CCR7), and differentiation markers (i.e., CD27) in theperipheral blood and tumor tissues of patients with LACC before treatment based on flow cytometry. We alsoanalyzed the relationship of T cell subsets between peripheral blood and tumor tissues, and their correlation withcomplete response or partial response. Results: The percentage of central memory CD8⁺TCM(CD8⁺CD45RA⁻CD27⁺CCR7⁺) cells in LACC patients was significantly lower than that of the control group. Thepercentage of CD8⁺TN in the peripheral blood of LACC patients was significantly higher than that of tumor tissues.CD8⁺TEM in the peripheral blood was significantly lower than that of tumor tissues. The percentage of CD8⁺TN andCD8⁺TCM in human papillomavirus (HPV) positive samples was significantly higher than that of HPV-negativesamples. Similarly, the percentage of CD8⁺TCM in tumor tissues was significantly higher in cancer tissue sampleswith lymph nodes compared with those without. Conclusion: A higher proportion of CD4⁺TCM and a lowerproportion of CD8⁺TN in the tumor microenvironment of LACC may contribute to the therapy response prediction.     

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of CYB561 expression in breast cancer: Link between prognosis and immune infiltration

Background: Cytochrome b561 (CYB561) plays a critical role in neuroendocrine function, cardiovascular regulation, and tumor growth; however, the prognostic value of CYB561 in patients with breast cancer and the relationship between CYB561 expression and immune infiltration in breast cancer remain unclear. Methods: The mRNA expression and clinical data of patients with breast cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Functional enrichment analysis was used to explore underlying biological functions associated with CYB561. The methylation status of CYB561 was analyzed using the MethSurv database. The enrichment score of immune cell infiltration for CYB561 in breast cancer was calculated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. The prognostic value of CYB561 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Based on the results of the multivariate Cox analysis, a nomogram was constructed to predict the effect of CYB561 expression on overall survival (OS). Results: The results showed that CYB561 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues. Hypomethylation of CYB561 is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, CYB561 was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that estrogen signaling pathway, inflammatory response, KRAS signaling pathway, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leukocyte migration, and regulation of lymphocyte activation were strongly enriched in the low CYB561 expression group. Additionally, CYB561 expression was negatively correlated with immune infiltration of B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Conclusion: CYB561 may serve as a potential biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.     

HAND2-AS1, PRKAA2 and VLDLR predict the risk of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer of different Lauren types based on STEPP analysis

The peritoneum is the most common site of recurrence of gastric cancer (GC). Early occult peritonealmetastasis is difficult to detect by imaging examination. Stratifying the risk of peritoneal metastasis in patients withdifferent Lauren subtypes is of great clinical value. We performed a univariate Cox regression to identify those geneswith prognostic value of overall survival (OS) and peritoneal-specified disease-free survival (psDFS) from the GeneExpression Omnibus database. The candidate genes were screened by the Subpopulation Treatment Effect PatternPlot (STEPP) method. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to reduce the interference of confounderson the results. Based on the optimal cut-off values determined by the STEPP method, we found overexpression ofthree genes (HAND2-AS1, PRKAA2, and VLDLR) was correlated with shorter 1-year psDFS among patients withdiffuse-type than that of patients with intestinal-type GC, and it is highly significant. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA) potentially suggested that the three genes promote the early occurrence of peritoneal metastasis in patientswith diffuse-type GC through glucose metabolism-related pathways. These three genes may be potential biomarkers.They can be used to assess the risk of peritoneal metastases to guide treatment decisions and follow-up strategies.     

AutoIHC‐scoring: a machine learning framework for automated Allred scoring of molecular expression in ER‐ and PR‐stained breast cancer tissue

In prognostic evaluation of breast cancer Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers namely, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are widely used. The expert pathologist investigates qualitatively the stained tissue slide under microscope to provide the Allred score; which is clinically used for therapeutic decision making. Such qualitative judgment is time‐consuming, tedious and more often suffers from interobserver variability. As a result, it leads to imprecise IHC score for ER and PR. To overcome this, there is an urgent need of developing a reliable and efficient IHC quantifier for high throughput decision making. In view of this, our study aims at developing an automated IHC profiler for quantitative assessment of ER and PR molecular expression from stained tissue images. We propose here to use CMYK colour space for positively and negatively stained cell extraction for proportion score. Also colour features are used for quantitative assessment of intensity scoring among the positively stained cells. Five different machine learning models namely artificial neural network, Naïve Bayes, K‐nearest neighbours, decision tree and random forest are considered for learning the colour features using average red, green and blue pixel values of positively stained cell patches. Fifty cases of ER‐ and PR‐stained tissues have been evaluated for validation with the expert pathologist's score. All five models perform adequately where random forest shows the best correlation with the expert's score (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.9192). In the proposed approach the average variation of diaminobenzidine (DAB) to nuclear area from the expert's score is found to be 7.58%, as compared to 27.83% for state‐of‐the‐art ImmunoRatio software.