Herbert Freudenberger.

Presents a citation for Herbert Freudenberger, whose professional career has been devoted to innovation in the development of psychological interventions to alleviate human suffering. Throughout his career he has instilled the principles of trust, respect, and human dignity into the psychotherapeutic process. His seminal work in identifying and exploring the emotional burnout experienced by caregivers in human service professions has brought profound changes in the way a new generation of students is being trained. A biography is provided for Freudenberger, along with a selected bibliography of his works. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gold medal award for life achievement in the practice of psychology: Herbert J. Freudenberger.

The American Psychological Foundation (APF) Gold Medal Awards recognize distinguished and enduring records of accomplishments in 4 areas of psychology. The 1999 recipient of the Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Practice of Psychology is Herbert J. Freudenberger. Freudenberger is cited for his exemplary professionalism as a psychologist and psychoanalyst dedicated to the alleviation of human suffering; for the sensitivity and conceptual genius that enabled him to establish the clinical construct of burnout; for his dedication to expanding our understanding of human behavior through theoretical contributions, teaching, and voluminous interdisciplinary and international publications; and for his innovative treatment of those afflicted with substance abuse problems. A citation, biography, and selected bibliography of Freudenberger's work are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Samuel J. Beck (1896-1980).

Presents an obituary for Samuel J. Beck (1896-1980), whose name has been synonymous with the Rorschach Test for nearly 50 years. Beck worked tirelessly to develop the Rorschach as a scientific tool that would have some meaningfulness for all of psychology. Beck's first book, Introduction to the Rorschach Technique, in 1937 was the first monograph of the American Orthopsychiatric Association. Subsequently, his three-volume series (Rorschach's Test: Volume 1-Basic Processes; Volume 2-A Variety of Personality Pictures; and Volume 3-Advances in Interpretation) appeared between 1944 and 1952 and became standard in the field for thousands of students and practitioners. Throughout Sam Beck's long career in teaching, practice, and research he labored fruitfully to close the gap between scientific method and clinical practice by continually illustrating how the idiographic and nomothetic approaches could be neatly blended into the study and understanding of the person. Beck was an excellent teacher, a dedicated and extremely skilled Rorschacher, and a model clinician. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Irving J. Saltzman (1923-2000).

Memorializes Irving J. Saltzman, known for his work as chair of the Department of Psychology at Indiana University. He guided the department through a time of major change in education and in psychology. He promoted an atmosphere that was particularly beneficial to new faculty at a time when the loyalty of faculty was decreasing and the professionalization of psychology was increasing. He was a tenacious proponent of his department, and led by example, saying that he could not expect others to do what he was unwilling to do himself. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Alfred J. Marrow (1905-1978).

Alfred J. Marrow's career as a psychologist was just starting when Kurt Lewin came to the United States in 1934. From then until his death on March 3, 1978, Marrow exerted a continuous influence on American psychology that reflected his admiration for and identification with Lewin. Marrow was attracted to Lewin's approach to psychology because it encompassed two poles, ranging from the most abstract mathematical theory to the most active concern for the solution of social problems. And although Marrow appreciated the significance of Lewin's theory, he clearly identified more strongly with Lewin's passion for using psychology to improve the quality of life. He was first and foremost a man of action who was most successful in applying the Lewinian methods of action research to problems of managing organizations and reducing prejudices. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: James J. Gibson (1904-1979).

Presents the obituary of James J. Gibson (1904-1979). Gibson was a perception psychologist who was also the creator and leader of an epistemological movement. His claim that perception is direct, requiring no inferential steps and no processing of information, presents a radical alternative to prevailing views of the nature of knowledge. Gibson's life and career are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Herbert H. Meyer (1917-2006).

Presents an obituary for Herbert H. Meyer, one of psychology's most distinguished scientist-practitioners. Meyer became interested in industrial psychology after his discharge from the service in 1946. He obtained a part-time position with Detroit Edison, where his work led to his dissertation, which resulted in a new projective and valid test of supervisory judgment. He also worked at the Psychological Corporation in New York City, primarily on executive appraisals, and later joined GE as the founder of a new corporate personnel research function. After 20 years, he sought an academic position, a became the director of the University of South Florida's new doctoral program in industrial and organizational psychology. Meyer continued to teach and lend his wisdom to the program and department even after retirement and election to emeritus status in 1988. During his career, Meyer authored more than 60 publications and was a frequent speaker at professional gatherings worldwide. He was also in high demand as a consultant. He taught for the University of South Florida's program through the spring semester of 2006. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Donald J. Kiesler (1933-2007).

Obituary for Donald J. Kiesler (1933-2007). When Donald J. Kiesler died on May 16, 2007, psychology lost one of its sharpest thinkers and most effective researchers. Don was one of those unique scientists who not only identified conceptual issues and problems but also spearheaded research efforts to determine their worth. Nowhere is this more clearly shown than in the nearly three decades of his research involving interpersonal approaches to understanding personality, psychopathology, and psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lee J. Cronbach (1916-2001): Obituary.

Reports the death of Lee J. Cronbach (1916-2001). The author gives a summery of his life and contributions to psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Richard D. Walk (1920-1999).

Memorializes Richard D. Walk, known for his work with Eleanor Gibson on the visual cliff and the development of depth perception. His research interests and contributions were diverse and included visual discrimination, research on concept formation, aesthetics, and social relations. He is best known for his work on perceptual development, and his 1981 book Perceptual Development still provides an excellent introduction and guide to the field. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Michael J. Mahoney (1946-2006).

Presents an obituary for Micheal J. Mahoney. Mahoney made immeasurable contributions to the field of psychology as an influential researcher, a prolific writer, and an innovative pioneer in bringing constructivist philosophy into psychotherapy. A deep thinker, a revolutionary-spirited theorist, and a passionate philosopher, Michael challenged the dominant paradigms of behavioral and cognitive psychology, inspiring psychologists to consider ever more complex models of human experience, to think in a more interdisciplinary way, and to relate more compassionately to the inevitable human experiences of suffering and change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

J. E. Keith Smith (1928-2002).

This obituary reviews the life and work of J. E. Keith Smith (1928-2002). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Samuel J. Messick (1931-1998).

Memorializes Samuel J. Messick. His contributions to testing and psychometrics are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Manfred J. Meier (1929-2006).

Manfred J. Meier, one of the most influential figures in the establishment of clinical neuropsychology as a specialty field, died at age 77 in Mexico on August 27, 2006, after a one-year battle with lung cancer. Manny's college and graduate school studies were completed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he earned a bachelor's degree (1952), a master's degree (1953), and a doctorate (1956)--all in psychology. During his graduate years, his mentors included Charles Bridgeman and Karl U. Smith, but he was also influenced by Harry Harlow, for whom he served as a research assistant in his primate laboratory. Manny's attendance at a 1952 conference where the speakers included Ward Halstead, Donald Hebb, Roger Sperry, and Hans-Lukas Teuber solidified his interest in the emerging field of neuropsychology. During his 36-year career at the University of Minnesota, Manny published more than 70 professional papers, book chapters, and books. He was promoted to associate professor in 1962 and to professor in 1966. At his retirement in 1993, he was named professor emeritus. A committed educator, Manny served as the director of the APA-accredited Psychology Internship Consortium from 1983 to 1993 and as director of a postdoctoral program in clinical neuropsychology from 1985 to 1993. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Logan Wright, Jr. (1933-1999).

Memorializes Logan Wright Jr. for his contributions to the field of psychology. He helped organize the American Psychological Society and was the first executive officer of the American Association of Applied and Preventive Psychology. Logan Wright was also president of the American Psychological Association. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Donald E. Broadbent (1926–1993).

Memorializes D. E. Broadbent, whose book Perception and Communication (1958) was the first systematic treatment of the human organism as an information-processing system. In it he proposed a structure of cognition that was specific enough to inspire a program of experimental research the influence of which may still be felt. In 1958, Broadbent began a 16-year tenure as director of the Applied Psychology Unit in Cambridge, England. In addition to his scientific impact, Broadbent has been a major influence on psychology in two other ways. First, throughout his career he gave his time and energy both to the theoretical development of psychology as a science and to its application to important practical problems. Secondly, by personal example he also stressed the humane, personal aspects of the human condition. Among his many honors, he received the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association in 1975. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Lee Salk (1926–1992).

Memorializes Lee Salk (1926–1992), a Fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA) and a founder and president (1979–1980) of the Division of Child, Youth, and Family Services. He was also president of APA's section of clinical child psychology within the Division of Clinical Psychology. He received the APA National Media Award and APA's Distinguished Contributions Award in Clinical Psychology. His final book, Familyhood: Nurturing the Values That Matter, concluded from his work that family relationships are very powerful in setting people's life destinies and in providing their lifelong concepts of themselves. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Rodney R. Cocking (1943-2002).

R. R. Cocking was born on January 11, 1943, in Casper, Wyoming, to a family deeply rooted in the culture of the West. Shortly after his 59th birthday, Cocking was murdered. His death is a great loss to his family, his friends and colleagues, and the field. Cocking was interested in behavioral development, child development, cognitive development, and learning and educational environments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Norman R. F. Maier (1900-1977).

Norman R. F. Maier was born in a small town in Michigan on November 27, 1900. He was educated in the Michigan public schools and received his BA from the University of Michigan in 1923. After a year of graduate work at the University of Berlin (1925-1926) he completed his PhD in 1928 at the University of Michigan. Following a year of teaching, Dr. Maier was for two years a National Research Council Fellow in Zoology at the University of Chicago, where he worked with Professor K. S. Lashley. In 1931 he joined the faculty of the University of Michigan, where he worked for the rest of his life, dying of a heart attack on September 24, 1977. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Obituary: Richard S. Crutchfield (1912-1977).

Crutchfield was born in Pittsburgh on June 20, 1912. He received his BA in civil engineering from the California Institute of Technology and his PhD in psychology from the University of California, Berkeley. In 1938-1939 he was a research associate at Swarthmore College, where he worked with Wolfgang Kohler. The next year he was an instructor at Mount Holyoke College. From 1940 to 1946 he held research and administrative appointments with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Office of War Information, and the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey in Germany. In several of these posts he contributed to the developing methodology of opinion surveys, and for distinguished service in the last position he was awarded the Medal of Freedom by the U.S. Department of War. In 1946 he returned to Swarthmore, where he later served as Chairman of the Psychology Department. After several visiting appointments at the University of California, Berkeley, he came permanently as professor of psychology in 1953. He was one of the original team of research psychologists at the Institute of Personality Assessment and Research (IPAR) in Berkeley, and in 1970 he succeeded Donald W. MacKinnon as Director. Failing health forced him to resign this position in 1973. Crutchfield passed away on July 19, 1977. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)