并行设计及其辅助工具

文中对比了串行与并行设计的差别，对并行设计的概念从不同视角进行了阐述，并给出了并行设计的体系结构，重点论述了并行设计所需的几个重要辅助工具，它们是ＣＡＤ、ＤＦＡ及ＤＦＭ。依次对它们的需求，现状，目标，实现方法作了详细论述，指出了发展方向，提出了一些新想法。     

CAD／CAP褡行集成系统的开发与研究

重点阐述了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ并行集成中的几个重要问题：面向并行工程的特征建模，企业制造环境建模，面向并行工程的ＣＡＰＰ子系统其中的关键技术，并实现了ＹＤＣＡＤＰ系统。     

CAD／CAPP／MRPⅡ／GT信息集成的初步研究

ＣＩＭＳ的关键技术之一是动态信息集成。本文论述了一个ＣＩＭＳ雏形系统中ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＭＲＰⅡ／ＧＴ之间的信息集成技术及其实现方法。提出了在ＣＡＤ系统中通过建立与工艺设计工步内容相匹配的、基于设计基本特征和工艺基本特征的特下建模技术及处理程序来实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ之间信息共享的方法；论述了ＣＡＰＰ系统通过与ＭＲＰⅡ系统中工艺路线管理模块之间实时信息传递来实现并行式ＣＡＰＰ设计的步骤；提出了在ＧＴ     

并行功能特征设计

本文根据设计行为分析,提出了从初始设计阶段的功能建立特征信息描述框架,区分特征信息层次,建立抽象与具体特征信息的匹配关系,实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ的并行集成。     

并行特征转换

针对设计和制造在特征信息处理中的相似和不同点,指出面向产品零件的并行集成ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ不是通过一个模型来实现的,而是借助于功能超结构的全局性,建立了设计与制造特征模型间的有效通讯．     

面向并行工程的CAD系统开发过程中的信息管理

面向并行工程的ＣＡＤ系统涉及的信息量大且复杂，信息管理技术是系统开发的关键技术之一。本文通过对并行工程环境下ＣＡＤ系统的信息分析，提出了信息的管理方法，为正确地开发出并行环境下ＣＡＤ系统打下基础。     

回转体零件CAD／CAPP／CAM集成系统的研究与开发

本文阐述了北京第一机床厂在ＣＩＭＳ环境下，通过对零件特征的分析，提出了一种实用的描述产品零件的方法，在此基础上实现了回转体零件的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成系统的开发。重点论述了该系统的总体框架设计和主要功能：ＣＡＤ特征定义及描述；基于商品ＣＡＤ软件ＩＣＥＭＤＤＮ之上的特征造型；应用通用专家智能系统开发工具，建立工艺知识模型及推理系统；经相应的后置处理实现ＮＣ程序的自动生成及以ＯＲＡＣＬＥ。ＥＤＬ     

CAD／CAPP集成系统信息建模技术研究

通过对特征技术的分析研究，基于特征技术的建模思想，设计了一个完整的产品数据信息模型，提出了一种零件ＣＡＤ．ＣＡＰＰ集成系统数据信息模型，通过网络，实现了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ的信息交换与集成。     

基于并行工程的产品CAD系统研究

在产品ＣＡＤ过程中，使用并行工程是提高设计质量、缩短设计制造周期、减低生产成本的有效途径之一，本文在分析研究的基础上，提出了基于并行工程的产品ＣＡＤ系统的结构、特点及其实现方法。     

多单元组合结构节点位移规格数自动生成

本文论述作为高层建筑设计ＴＢＣＡＤ系统支撑软件的节点位移规格数自动生成的计算机方法，研制了ＪＤＰＡＵＴ程序，在ＤＥＣＳＴＡＴＩＯＮ３１００上实现，并与高层建筑多重子结构分析程序ＤＡＳＴＡＢ接口。     

并行工程环境下成形铸件制造工艺CAD／CAE系统

并行工程在发展中提出了合理产品设计／工艺设计新概念，在此基础上我们研究开发了一个以传热，热流及应力模拟为核心的铸件制造工艺ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ集成系统，系统既可独立运行，又可与并行环境下的产品集成起来，达到同时优化产品设计及工艺设计的目的。目前该系统在多家工厂得到应用，并逐步商品化。     

Simultaneous tolerancing for design and manufacturing

This paper presents a new tolerance design theory—simultaneous tolerancing— which works in the concurrent engineering context. After stating the need to develop a simultaneous tolerancing theory by showing the shortcomings of conventional tolerancing technique, the concept of simultaneous tolerancing is given, and its elements are briefly presented. Then we focus our attention on the development of a general mathematical model of optimal tolerancing supporting concurrent engineering. Two commonly used models, worst-case and statistical, are discussed in detail. Next, a method of ‘interim tolerances’, which help to determine an appropriate machining process without using functional tolerances, is proposed. The simultaneous tolerancing theory presented in this paper permits of determining directly optimal machining tolerances in product design, reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the quality of products. Finally, an example is given, showing that the proposed theory is feasible in practice.     

三维实体设计与并行工程

三维实体设计技术为企业实现基于并行工程的产品设计和改型提供了强有力的技术支持。笔者介绍了并行工程的概念,以及基于并行工程的产品设计方法的特点,分析了传统产品设计与并行设计流程的差别。在此基础上,指出了三维实体设计对实现并行、一体化设计和集成化协同工作的支持,并用实例说明了这种方法在汽车覆盖件模具设计开发中的应用。     

Neural computing-based design of components for cellular manufacturing

In this paper, a neuro computing approach for integrating design and manufacturing engineering is developed. Products and components have been traditionally designed without considering constraints imposed by a manufacturing system. With the introduction of concurrent engineering, design and manufacturing engineering are viewed as an integrated area. A three layer neural network that integrates several manufacturing functions is constructed for designing a cellular manufacturing system. The neuro computing system proposed provides a designer with the desired features that meet the current manufacturing constraints for design of a new component. The proposed methodology overcomes the typical limitations of neutral networks such as the internal representation and training problem, and proves to be appropriate for concurrent engineering.     

Informatics derived materials databases for multifunctional properties

In this review, we provide an overview of the development of quantitative structure–property relationships incorporating the impact of data uncertainty from small, limited knowledge data sets from which we rapidly develop new and larger databases. Unlike traditional database development, this informatics based approach is concurrent with the identification and discovery of the key metrics controlling structure–property relationships; and even more importantly we are now in a position to build materials databases based on design ‘intent’ and not just design parameters. This permits for example to establish materials databases that can be used for targeted multifunctional properties and not just one characteristic at a time as is presently done. This review provides a summary of the computational logic of building such virtual databases and gives some examples in the field of complex inorganic solids for scintillator applications.     

Informatics derived materials databases for multifunctional properties

Abstract

In this review, we provide an overview of the development of quantitative structure–property relationships incorporating the impact of data uncertainty from small, limited knowledge data sets from which we rapidly develop new and larger databases. Unlike traditional database development, this informatics based approach is concurrent with the identification and discovery of the key metrics controlling structure–property relationships; and even more importantly we are now in a position to build materials databases based on design ‘intent’ and not just design parameters. This permits for example to establish materials databases that can be used for targeted multifunctional properties and not just one characteristic at a time as is presently done. This review provides a summary of the computational logic of building such virtual databases and gives some examples in the field of complex inorganic solids for scintillator applications.     

支持并行设计的产品数据管理系统的研究和开发

提出了支持并行设计的产品数据管理（PDM）系统的基本框架；着重分析了支持并行设计的产品数据管理的关键技术与实现方法，讨论了产品数据定义与管理、集成开发团队的人员组织模式、并行设计过程与工作流管理、设计版本的管理等关键技术，提出了通过构建内部高速局域网络来实现企业并行设计的产品数据管理系统的思想。     

基于特征的零件设计与工艺设计的实时并行方法研究

提出了基于特征的零件设计与工艺设计的实时并行方法；基于特征对零件设计与工艺设计的并行过程进行分解与 且。     

Robust topology optimization for cellular composites with hybrid uncertainties

This paper will develop a new robust topology optimization method for the concurrent design of cellular composites with an array of identical microstructures subject to random‐interval hybrid uncertainties. A concurrent topology optimization framework is formulated to optimize both the composite macrostructure and the material microstructure. The robust objective function is defined based on the interval mean and interval variance of the corresponding objective function. A new uncertain propagation approach, termed as a hybrid univariate dimension reduction method, is proposed to estimate the interval mean and variance. The sensitivity information of the robust objective function can be obtained after the uncertainty analysis. Several numerical examples are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed robust topology optimization method.