四立柱分体式20辊轧机辊系的刚度特性分析

20辊轧机的横向刚度、纵向刚度对板形、板厚的控制非常重要,研究不同状态下轧机的刚度变化规律对板形、板厚综合控制的精度具有十分重要的意义。在三维弹性有限元模型的基础上,建立了四立柱分体式20辊轧机辊系的有限元模型。利用该模型研究板宽、中间辊窜辊量变化对轧机辊系横向刚度和纵向刚度的影响,为轧机板形、板厚控制量的调整提供了参考依据,也为板带轧制过程中板型、板厚在线设定,以及控制模型的研究和优化,提供了理论基础。     

四辊轧机机座垂直振动仿真与分析

针对某新型铝热连轧机生产实践中因垂直振动影响板带质量的问题,在建立四辊轧机六自由度动力学模型基础上,采用数值计算与ANSYS有限元仿真相结合的方法,对其垂直振动的固有频率和响应特性进行分析,探讨结构参数对轧机垂直振动特性的影响和垂直振动对板形、板厚的影响,并从改善轧机生产工况和结构参数两个方面提出了改进轧机工作的建议.     

板带轧机柔性多体系统耦合动力学建模研究

轧制过程中,高速运转的板带轧机系统可视为由机架、液压装置、轴承座和轧辊等多个刚体和可变形体组成的柔性多体机械系统。板带轧机辊系沿垂直、水平方向的刚体运动和轧辊沿轴线方向的柔性体变形运动是影响板带厚度和表面质量的主要因素。特别对于大型板带轧机而言,轧辊的弯曲变形运动与带钢的板形密切相关。本文综合考虑轧机系统沿垂直、水平方向的刚性振动和轧辊沿轴线方向的弯曲变形运动之间的耦合效应,通过运动学分析,实现柔性多体机械系统中刚体和可变形体的位移场描述,建立板带轧机辊系刚柔耦合动力学模型。对轧机辊系进行耦合运动模态分析,进一步探讨轧辊变形运动振动频率和模态振型函数的精确解,并比较不同时刻下,由传统结构动力学求得的轧辊固有模态振型函数与考虑轧机系统刚性振动时的轧辊模态振型函数的区别。深入分析了轧机系统刚性振动对轧辊弯曲变形运动的影响,为提高轧辊运动精度,实现带钢板形动态控制提供理论依据。     

四辊轧机的六自由度垂直振动模型研究

提出一种四辊轧机工作机座垂直振动的六自由度集中质量模型,利用MATLAB软件平台对机座垂直振动的固有频率进行了数值计算。现场振动测试结果表明,计算结果比较精确。所构建的轧机工作机座垂直振动模型可以用于进行动力学仿真分析和结构动力学修改,对于全面掌握和了解四辊轧机的振动特性、避免轧机产生垂直自激振动和提高轧机的生产效率及轧制产品质量都有重要的理论和实际意义。     

轧机整体耦合建模问题研究

轧机振动一直是制约轧制发展的重要问题。建立有效的轧机系统动力学模型是研究轧机振动问题的基础,而已有的研究在轧机系统耦合建模方面仍存在着许多不足。通过分析轧机不同类型振动产生的机理及其相互关系,建立能够表征板带轧机垂直-水平-扭转以及轧件水平颤振的耦合振动结构模型;基于Bland-Ford-Hill轧制力模型,并进一步考虑振动状态下辊缝动态变化的影响,建立动态轧制过程模型;在此基础上,将动态轧制力及动态轧制力矩作为反馈激励源,作用于轧机振动结构模型,构建全新的动态轧制过程与轧机系统结构相耦合的轧机颤振整体耦合动力学模型。通过将所建模型的仿真结果与2030冷连轧机组振动测试数据的对比,验证此模型的正确性和有效性。结果表明,轧机颤振整体耦合动力学模型能够合理表征振动过程中轧机系统结构和轧制过程的耦合关系,为深入研究轧机综合振动特性提供理论基础。     

板带轧机刚体柔体耦合振动系统的建模研究

板带连轧机组是由多个工作机座及其辅助设备组成的复杂工作系统,其中每个工作机座都是一个多变量、非线性动态系统,并通过板带与其相邻的工作机座相互作用。板带轧机系统可视为由机架、液压装置、辊系、运动板带等多个刚体和可变形体组成的柔性多体机械系统。轧制过程中,轧机辊系发生振动的同时还与其接触的轧件存在相对运动。因此在动力分析中,轧机辊系与机架间板带的弹性变形和刚性运动相互耦合作用。综合考虑辊系的垂直运动、轧辊的转动以及板带刚性运动和弹性变形,通过动力学分析,实现柔性多体机械系统中刚体和可变形体位移场的描述,进而确定由于系统构件刚性运动与弹性变形同时作用引起的强非线性惯性耦合与刚度耦合作用规律,建立板带连轧机柔性多体系统耦合振动机理模型,分析耦合作用下辊系的动态响应和轧机工作稳定性,为实现轧件厚度动态控制提供理论依据。     

冷板带轧机含振动因素的轧制力模型

通过对冷板带轧机振动过程的分析,结合轧机系统结构模型,考虑工作辊和轧件的弹性变形,推导轧机垂直系统振动过程中带钢厚度、张力、辊缝接触弧长及辊缝摩擦状态变化与轧机扭转振动系统中工作辊速度、摩擦系数变化对轧制力的影响公式,建立振动状态下的轧制力模型,运用稳定性判据对含轧制力影响因素的轧机系统运动耦合模型进行分析,最后对此模型进行仿真对比验证,讨论不同工况下和垂扭耦合对轧机垂直系统稳定性的影响。结果表明,该模型符合实际情况。     

1850四辊铝带冷轧机动力学特性与机理研究

为解决某大型企业1850四辊铝带冷轧机垂直振动问题,通过现场振动测试与数值仿真相结合的方法,针对轧机不同工况下的动力学特性对轧机系统进行了时域和频域振动特性研究,分析了不同轧制工艺参数对轧机动力学特性的影响。以四辊铝带冷轧机系统六自由度动力学模型为基础,该模型综合考虑了工作界面上的轧制力波动量、界面摩擦过程、工作辊运动过程构成的界面约束多因素耦合模型,对轧机固有特性、主振型及主振型的灵敏度进行了仿真分析。结果表明：轧机系统发生自激振动,工作辊振动核心频率为290 Hz,振动集中频段为250~350 Hz,振源在辊缝,轧制速度、轧件张力、辊缝摩擦状态、轧件厚度等是影响轧制界面耦合的重要因素。支撑辊和机架等部件在该频段的振动是系统交互传递的结果。     

四辊轧机有载辊缝解析模型研究

针对轧制过程中轧辊的弹性变形和轧辊与轧件间的相互作用，通过对四辊轧机辊系变形和受力状况的分析，从理论上详细推导了直观的有载辊缝形状函数，明确了有载辊缝形状函数与相关因素的对应关系。同时，为了验证辊缝解析模型的准确性，采用该模型对某铝热连轧机的精轧末机架的出口板凸度进行了理论计算，并与在线测得数据进行比较，结果表明：该模型计算精度高，相对误差较小(低于15％)。该模型不但为板形的控制以及轧制板凸度的建模提供了理论基础，还为预报板形、研究板带截面上任一点的板凸度提供了方便。     

热连轧机位移传感器结构的试验模态分析

辊缝位移传感器是轧机压下控制系统(Automatic gauge control,AGC)的关键元件,也是轧机AGC控制系统的反馈环节之一。辊缝位移反馈信号受传感器结构动态特性的强烈影响,传感器结构设计不合理甚至危及轧制过程的稳定性。模态参数可以完整地描述结构的动态特性,在结构动态设计和结构动力学修改阶段,必须进行有效的动态特性分析。采用单点激励、多点加速度响应拾振,对热连轧机辊缝位移传感器的外壳和位移传递杆结构进行了振动测试。以试验模态分析理论为基础,使用最小二乘复指数法(Least square complex exponent, LSCE),提取传感器结构的模态参数。分析结果表明,传感器外壳的垂直振动模态频率与热连轧机架的垂直振动模态频率接近,会对轧机工作机座的振动形成耦合,其动态特性对轧制过程的稳定性有严重危害。这些分析结果对建立轧机压下控制系统仿真模型以及进行结构动力学修改都具有重要意义。     

Study on the improved accuracy of strip profile using numerical formula model in continuous cold rolling with 6-high mill

The quality requirements for thickness accuracy in cold rolling continue to become more stringent. In cold rolling mill, it is very important that the rolling force calculation considers rolling conditions. The rolled strip thickness was predicted using calculated rolling force. However, the prediction of strip thickness in cold rolling is very difficult; in particular, for 6-high mill with shifted intermediate roll (IMR), the accuracy of thickness is not good. In this study, to improve the accuracy of rolled strip thickness, the roll gap flattening can be given based on Hertz contact theory, with contact between rolls and the smooth cylindrical rolls for the rolling elastic deformation. Also, the distribution of the roll gap flattening may be calculated using the contact force of unit transverse length. The strip profile at the continuous cold rolling is calculated by using the numerical analysis model considering the initial strip profile before cold rolling. Hence, we propose that the numerical model can predict the rolled strip profile more quickly and accurately and be applicable to the field. The results of the proposed numerical model were verified by FE-simulation and cold rolling experiments of 6-high mill with five stands.     

Tandem Strip Mill’s Multi-parameter Coupling Dynamic Modeling Based on the Thickness Control

The rolling process is determined by the interaction of a number of different movements,during which the relative movement occurs between the vibrating roll system and the rolled piece,and the roll system’s vibration interacts with the strip’s deformation and rigid movement.So many parameters being involved leads to a complex mechanism of this coupling effect.Through testing and analyzing the vibration signals of the mill in the rolling process,the rolling mill’s coupled model is established with comprehensive consideration of the coupling interaction between the mill’s vertical vibration,its torsional vibration and the working roll’s horizontal vibration,and vibration characteristics of different forms of rolling mill’s vibration are analyzed under the coupling effect.With comprehensive attention to the relationship between the roll system,the moving strip and the rolling parameters’dynamic properties,and also from the strip thickness control point of view,further research is done on the coupling mechanism between the roll system’s movement and the moving strip’s characteristics in the rolling process.As a result,the law of inertial coupling and the stiffness coupling effect caused by different forms of the roll system’s vibration is determined and the existence of nonlinear characteristics caused by the elastic deformation of moving strip is also found.Furthermore,a multi-parameter coupling-dynamic model is established which takes the tandem strip mill as its research object by making a detailed kinematics analysis of the roll system and using the principle of virtual work.The coupling-dynamic model proposes the instruction to describe the roll system’s movement,and analyzes its dynamic response and working stability,and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the strip thickness’dynamic control.     

Coupled dynamic modeling of rolls model and metal model for four high mill based on strip crown control

The crown is a key quality index of strip and plate,the rolling mill system is a complex nonlinear system,the strip qualities are directly affected by the dynamic characteristics of the rolling mil.At present,the studies about the dynamic modeling of the rolling mill system mainly focus on the dynamic simulation for the strip thickness control system,the dynamic characteristics of the strip along the width direction and that of the rolls along axial direction are not considered.In order to study the dynamic changes of strip crown in the rolling process,the dynamic simulation model based on strip crown control is established.The work roll and backup roll are considered as elastic continuous bodies and the work roll and backup roll are joined by a Winkler elastic layer.The rolls are considered as double freely supported beams.The change rate of roll gap is taken into consideration in the metal deformation,based on the principle of dynamic conservation of material flow,the two dimensional dynamic model of metal is established.The model of metal deformation provides exciting force for the rolls dynamic model,and the rolls dynamic model and metal deformation model couple together.Then,based on the two models,the dynamic model of rolling mill system based on strip crown control is established.The Newmark-β method is used to solve the problem,and the dynamic changes of these parameters are obtained as follows:(1) The bending of work roll and backup roll changes with time;(2) The strip crown changes with time;(3) The distribution of rolling force changes with time.Take some cold tandem rolling mill as subject investigated,simulation results and the comparisons with experimental results show that the dynamic model built is rational and correct.The proposed research provides effective theory for optimization of device and technological parameters and development of new technology,plays an important role to improve the strip control precision and strip shape quality.     

宽带钢冷连轧机综合耦合模型的建立与分析

宽带钢冷连轧过程中,板形、板厚和张力控制之间存在着很强的耦合关系,相互影响对方的调节功效。为了进一步提高控制精度,进行解耦设计实现解耦控制是十分有效的手段,而其前提和基础就是冷连轧机综合耦合模型的建立和分析。首先,运用轧制理论对轧制过程中板形、板厚和张力控制的各种影响因素进行了系统的分析,然后考虑执行内环的动态特性建立冷连轧机综合耦合模型,以定量地描述轧制过程中辊缝、弯辊力、本架轧辊速度、前架轧辊速度和出口厚度、出口凸度、出入口张力之间的耦合影响关系。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink工具,采用此耦合模型对某冷连轧机末机架的耦合特性进行仿真分析,指出对其进行解耦控制的必要性。     

热轧辊缝调整机构的布置形式比较

从热连轧机、中厚板可逆轧机以及宽厚板可逆轧机3种轧机类型出发,介绍热轧四辊轧机中参与辊缝调整的设备组成、布置形式及比较3种配置方式的优点和不足。     

高速冷连轧机组的振动与对策研究

针对我国某钢厂高速冷连轧机组冷连轧机组轧制T5极薄带材时,第5机架轧制速度超过650 m/min出现轧机振动的问题,从生产现场该机组轧机振动的实测分析入手,确定了该轧机的振动源和振动频率,并采用有限元动态分析计算,验证了轧机振动实测分析结果和振动形态。根据实测分析和有限元计算所确定的振动轧机辊缝润滑油膜变化而引起轧机振动的结论,通过优化该轧机的轧制润滑工艺,有效抑制了该机组轧制T5极薄带材时出现轧机振动的现象,使该机组的轧制速度从650 m/min左右提高到900 m/min以上,消除了该机组轧制T5极薄带材的瓶颈问题。     

热连轧机磁栅尺结构的模型参数辩识

应用系统辨识技术,采用受控自回归(auto egressive exogeneous,简称ARX)模型结构和Matl ab系统 辨识工具箱,辨识了热连轧机辊缝位移传感器的动力学模型参数,建立了该传感器结构的动态 数学模型。系统的输入和输出数据分别为同步记录的轧机相应位置的振动加速度信号,ARX 模型的参数估计采用最小二乘估计法(LSCE),辨识模型的拟合度达到7948％。 辨识结果表明,传感器外壳圆盘结构的刚度和阻尼太小,对轧机垂直振动系统的 影响严重,说明其结构设计不合理,需要进行结构动力学修改。     

Multi-factor coupling system characteristic of the dynamic roll gap in the high-speed rolling mill during the unsteady lubrication process

In the present work, a multi-factor coupling dynamic model of a rolling mill system for a dynamic roll gap during an unsteady lubrication process was developed on the basis of the rolling theory, lubrication and the friction theory, and the mechanical vibration theory. The multi-factor coupling model of interfacial film binding was coupled with the rolling force model, dynamic roll gap interface friction model and work roll movement model. The corresponding distributions of friction and pressure at varying surface roughness and times were systematically analyzed during the unsteady mixed lubrication process. The effects of the main processing parameters on the critical speed and amplitude for self-excited vertical vibration were investigated.     

Neural network model of the profile of hot-rolled strip

The dynamics of shape or profile depends on the several process parameters in a hot strip mill. This research paper presents the prediction of the profile or strip crown generated during rolling in the finishing stands of a hot strip mill with the use of artificial neural network (ANN) by taking into account the operational parameters such as width, thickness, speed, and roll bending, among others. A multi-layer perceptron neural network is trained with a back-propagation algorithm. Verification of the model is made by a comparison of the measured and predicted strip profile. A sensitivity analysis of the contributing factors to the profile variations is also carried out that shows the strip speed as one of the major contributor to the strip profile. A good comparison is found between the measured strip crown with the ANN-predicted crown demonstrating the modeling route as a robust one.     

热连轧机工作辊水平-垂直非线性振动特性及抑制

基于振动情况下轧制界面水平-垂直方向摩擦力模型和动态轧制力模型,考虑轧机的结构和工作辊轴承座与牌坊立柱间的摩擦力等因素的影响,建立了热连轧机工作辊水平-垂直系统的非线性振动模型。运用平均法求解得到幅频特性方程,分析外扰力和非线性参数等因素对系统幅频特性的影响,为抑制轧机工作辊水平-垂直振动提供理论指导。通过分析李雅普诺夫指数和位移分岔图,发现系统随外扰力幅值变化表现出周期、倍周期和混沌等不同运动状态。最后,通过分析工作辊轴承座与牌坊立柱间有无衬板间隙这两种情况下的幅频特性及衬板间隙对系统振动的影响规律,提出一种抑制工作辊水平振动和垂直振动的方法,仿真和实验结果均表明该方法有效。