木薯淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料制备工艺研究

以木薯淀粉和天然胶乳为主要原料,将木薯淀粉和天然胶乳共混共沉制备木薯淀粉/NR复合材料。研究了制备工艺对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:当木薯淀粉浓度为20%,搅拌速度为450r·min~(-1),搅拌时间为30min和木薯淀粉用量为20份时,木薯淀粉/NR复合材料具有较好的力学性能。     

偶联剂KH-570对木薯淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料性能的影响

采用偶联剂KH-570对木薯淀粉/NR复合材料进行改性,研究了偶联剂KH-570对复合材料结构和性能的影响.结果表明:加入KH-570后,木薯淀粉/NR复合材料的定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度提高;当KH-570用量为3％时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳.SEM分析表明,KH-570增强了木薯淀粉与天然橡胶间的界面结合;加...     

偶联剂Si69包覆改性淀粉/炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的性能研究

采用偶联剂Si69包覆改性的淀粉部分替代炭黑,制备改性淀粉/炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明:与未改性淀粉/炭黑/NR复合材料相比,偶联剂Si69改性淀粉/炭黑/NR复合材料的加工性能改善,滚动阻力降低,物理性能、压缩疲劳性能和耐热空气老化性能提高,耐磨性能下降;改性淀粉在NR基体中的分散性改善。     

淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料的研究

将淀粉进行糊化改性,将改性淀粉在乳液状态下与天然胶乳共混,制备淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料。用X-射线衍射（XRD）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和扫描电镜（SEM）表征复合材料的结构,并测定了其力学性能。研究结果表明：淀粉经糊化后,复合材料中淀粉粒子的结晶结构消失,粒子在天然橡胶中分散均匀,粒径明显减小。随着淀粉含量的增加,复合材料的硬度、定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度随之提高,且当其质量分数在20%时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳。     

偶联剂Si69原位改性淀粉/NR复合材料的性能研究

采用原位法制备偶联剂Si69改性淀粉/NR复合材料,并研究偶联剂Si69对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:采用偶联剂Si69对淀粉进行原位改性可以增强淀粉与NR的界面相互作用,改善淀粉在NR中的分散性;偶联剂Si69与淀粉发生了化学作用,并参与了NR的硫化,从而提高复合材料的物理性能.     

二硫化钼/天然橡胶复合材料的制备及力学性能

研究通过四氢呋喃、聚乙二醇、马来酸酐、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵四种改性剂对MoS₂进行改性,改性后MoS₂作为填充剂,通过乳液共混法与天然胶乳共混胶凝后制备橡胶复合材料,研究橡胶复合材料的硫化特性、力学性能及老化性能。结果表明：四种改性剂均能有效降低橡胶复合材料的焦烧时间和正硫化时间,马来酸酐改性后的MoS₂与天然橡胶共混所得复合材料力学性能最好;当马来酸酐用量为MoS₂的2.5份时,拉伸强度最好;当马来酸酐用量为MoS₂的5份时,断裂伸长率、撕裂强度最好;当马来酸酐用量为MoS₂的12份时,定伸应力最优。     

偶联剂对淀粉/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能的影响

采用乳液共混法制备了淀粉/丁苯橡胶(SBR)以及间苯二酚甲醛树脂(RF)改性淀粉/SBR复合材料,考察了偶联剂对2种复合材料硫化特性、力学性能的影响,并用扫描电镜观察了其相态结构。结果表明,各种偶联剂都能在一定程度上提高淀粉/SBR复合材料的拉伸强度和撕裂强度,其中γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)和N-β(氨基乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-792)的增强效果最为显著;采用RF对淀粉进行改性,RF改性淀粉/SBR复合材料的力学性能较之淀粉/SBR复合材料的力学性能有了进一步提高。橡胶相与淀粉相界面结合的改善是RF改性淀粉/SBR复合材料力学性能提高的主要原因。     

PBS/淀粉复合材料的研制

采用增塑剂对淀粉进行表面改性处理,然后通过熔融共混法制备了偶联剂改性的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/淀粉复合材料,研究了淀粉用量、改性剂种类和添加量对该复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:适宜改性助剂的添加提高了淀粉颗粒在PBS基体中的分散性以及二者的界面结合强度,进而有效改善了PBS/淀粉复合材料的力学性能。     

纳米ZnO/HDPE复合材料的制备与研究

采用共混方法制备了纳米ZnO／HDPE复合材料。研究了纳米ZnO对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：对于经偶联剂表面处理的纳米ZnO，当质量分数为1％～3％时，明显改善了复合材料的拉伸力学性能；但是，当质量分数超过3％时，复合材料的力学性能反而随纳米ZnO用量的增加而降低；未经表面处理的纳米ZnO则明显降低了复合材料的拉伸力学性能。     

淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料的结构与热稳定性研究

将淀粉进行糊化改性,将改性淀粉在乳液状态下与天然胶乳共混,制备淀粉/天然橡胶复合材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和热重分析(TG)表征复合材料的结构,并测定了其力学性能。研究结果表明:淀粉经糊化后,淀粉粒子在天然橡胶中分散均匀,粒径明显减小,复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能明显提高。     

Mechanical properties of natural rubber/grafted cellulose fibre composites

Mechanical properties of natural rubber/allyl acrylate and allyl methacrylate grafted cellulose fibre composites are presented. Stress/strain measurements and dynamic mechanical measurements indicate that the adhesion between grafted fibres and matrix is better than that in samples containing untreated cellulose fibres. This makes it possible to vary the composite properties by varying the fibre type and/or fibre amount.     

Study on polypropylene/natural rubber blend with polystyrene‐modified natural rubber as compatibilizer

Polystyrene‐modified natural rubber (SNR) was prepared in the laboratory and subsequently used as compatibilizer in polypropylene/natural rubber (PP/NR) blends. The effect of SNR (at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by volume) in PP/NR (70/30) blend was studied by maintaining the rubber volume while PP volume was replaced by SNR accordingly. The sequence of mixing was found to affect the blend morphology and tensile properties. The effect of curatives on the tensile properties of the blends was also investigated. The addition of curatives into the rubbers in PP/NR/SNR improved the tensile properties significantly compared with the PP/NR reference blend. For a semi‐efficient curative system, SNR loading at 10% gave the best overall tensile properties, while for an efficient curative system, 5% SNR loading resulted in improvements in tensile strength and stiffness of over 20% and 40%, respectively, compared with the reference. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

天然虾青素改性白炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的制备与性能

采用天然虾青素对白炭黑表面进行物理改性，并与天然橡胶（NR）制备成复合材料。利用RPA、DMA、SEM等测试手段对天然虾青素改性白炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明，在硫化特性方面，与未采用天然虾青素改性白炭黑相比，采用天然虾青素改性白炭黑所得胶料的焦烧时间和工艺正硫化时间均缩短，促进了橡胶的硫化过程；在物理力学性能方面，所得硫化胶的拉伸强度基本不变，回弹性和耐磨性明显增加，压缩生热降低；在动态黏弹性方面，所得硫化胶的Payne效应明显降低，填料的分散性在一定程度上得到改善；在动态力学性能方面，所得硫化胶的滚动阻力降低，玻璃化转变温度提高。特别地，在耐老化方面，天然虾青素改性白炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的耐热空气老化性能明显提高。     

短切碳纤维对天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶复合材料性能的影响

以天然橡胶(NR)和顺丁橡胶(BR)为基料,以短切碳纤维(SCF)为添加剂,制备了SCF/NR/BR复合材料,考察了SCF用量对NR/BR的摩擦性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,SCF可增强NR/BR基体的强度,增大其硬度。在NR/BR混合胶中加入15份SCF可以降低混合胶的摩擦系数,减少混合胶的磨损量,提高混合胶的耐磨性能。SCF增强的NR/BR在摩擦过程中发生了磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,形成了卷曲磨屑。     

Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of hydrogenated natural rubber/natural rubber blends

The cure characteristics and mechanical properties of blends consisting of hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR) and natural rubber (NR) blends were investigated. The HNR/NR blends at 50/50 wt ratio were vulcanized using various cure systems: peroxide vulcanization, conventional vulcanization with peroxide, and efficient vulcanization with peroxide. The HNR/NR vulcanizates cured by the combination of peroxide and sulfur donor (tetramethylthiuram disulfide, TMTD) in the efficient vulcanization with peroxide exhibited the best mechanical properties. It was also found that the hydrogenation level of HNR did not affect the tensile strength of the vulcanizates. The tensile strength of the blends decreased with increasing HNR content because of the higher incompatibility to cause the noncoherency behavior between NR and HNR. However, the HNR/NR vulcanizate at 50/50 wt ratio showed the maximum ultimate elongation corresponding to a co‐continuous morphology as attested to by scanning electron micrographs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

碳纳米管/天然橡胶复合材料的结构与性能

通过机械混炼法制备了碳纳米管(CNT)／天然橡胶(NR)复合材料,研究了CNT的预处理方式对复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明,与NR相比,CNT／NR复合材料的硫化返原现象减轻,硫化后凝胶质量分数降低,硫化剂用量应适当增加,由混酸氧化处理的CNT填充橡胶复合材料的硫化迟滞效应明显;复合材料内部存在CNT的富集区域和CNT含量很少的橡胶区域,CNT与NR之间的界面结合作用不好;由HF处理的CNT填充橡胶复合材料的整体性能最好,但受CNT在橡胶基体中的不良分散状态及界面性质的影响,其力学性能不高。     

Physical properties of natural rubber/organoclay nanocomposites compatibilized with epoxidized natural rubber

Onium ion‐modified montmorillonite (organoclay) was melt compounded with natural rubber (NR) in an internal mixer and cured by using a conventional sulfuric system. Epoxidized natural rubber with 50 mol % epoxidation (ENR 50) was used in 10 parts per hundred rubber (phr) as a compatibilizer. The effect of organoclay with different filler loading up to 10 phr was studied. Cure characteristics were determined by a Monsanto MDR2000 rheometer, whereas the tensile, compression, and tear properties of the nanocomposites were measured according to the related ASTM standards. While the torque maximum and torque minimum increased slightly, both scorch time and cure time reduced with the incorporation of organoclay. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear properties went through a maximum (at about 2 phr) as a function of the organoclay content. As expected, the hardness, moduli at 100% (M100) and 300% elongations (M300) increased continuously with increasing organoclay loading. The compression set decreased with incorporation of organoclay. The dispersion of the organoclay in the NR stocks was investigated by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1083–1092, 2006     

Evaluation of fatigue performance of filled and unfilled natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber composites

This paper deals with the fatigue life analysis of a blend of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) with and without nanoclay particles. Various damage parameters based on strain are investigated. A nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out by using ABAQUS. To formulate the life prediction models, the measured fatigue life is used together with various damage parameters. It is shown that all the damage parameters can estimate the fatigue lives effectively with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9. There is a good agreement between the obtained fatigue live predictions and the measured fatigue results. The effect of various parameters such as true strain and nanoparticles' loading is also investigated. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the strain has a greater effect on the variation of the rubber compounds' fatigue life. The test samples' fracture surface is assessed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results show that as the strain increases, the test samples softly fail while the fracture surface of the nanocomposite is roughened by the addition of nanoclay.     

Mechanical properties and blend compatibility of natural rubber –chlorosulfonated polyethylene blends

Natural rubber (NR) was blended with chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) with various formulation and blend ratios (NR/CSM: 80/20 –20/80, wt/wt). Rubber blends were prepared by using a two‐roll mill and vulcanized in a compression mold to obtain the 2 mm‐thick sheets. Tensile properties, tear resistance, thermal aging resistance, ozone resistance, and oil resistance were determined according to ASTM. Compatible NR/CSM blends are derived from certain blends containing 20–30% CSM without adding any compatibilizing agent. Tensile and tear strength of NR‐rich blends for certain formulations show positive deviation from the rule of mixture. Thermal aging resistance depends on formulation and blend ratio, while ozone and oil resistance of the blends increase with CSM content. Homogenizing agents used were Stuktol®60NS and Epoxyprene®25. Stuktol®60NS tends to decrease the mechanical properties of the blends and shows no significant effect on blend morphology. Addition of 5–10 phr of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR, Epoxyprene® 25) increases tensile strength, thermal aging resistance, and ozone resistance of the blends. It is found that ENR acts as a compatibilizer of the NR/CSM blends by decreasing both CSM particle size diameter and α transition temperature of CSM. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 127–140, 2006     

Natural rubber/nitrile butadiene rubber/hindered phenol composites with high-damping properties

New natural rubber (NR)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/hindered phenol (AO-80) composites with high-damping properties were prepared in this study. The morphological, structural, and mechanical properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), polarized Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA), and a tensile tester. Each composite consisted of two phases: the NR phase and the NBR/AO-80 phase. There was partial compatibility between the NR phase and the NBR/AO-80 phase, and the NR/NBR/AO-80 (50/50/20) composite exhibited a co-continuous morphology. Strain-induced crystallization occurred in the NR phase at strains higher than 200%, and strain-induced orientation appeared in the NBR/AO-80 phase with the increase of strain from 100% to 500%. The composites had a special stress–strain behavior and mechanical properties because of the simultaneous strain-induced orientation and strain-induced crystallization. In the working temperature range of a seismic isolation bearing, the composites (especially the NR/NBR/AO-80 (50/50/20) composite) presented a high loss factor, high area of loss peak (TA), and high hysteresis energy. Therefore, the NR/NBR/AO-80 rubber composites are expected to have important application as a high-performance damping material for rubber bearing.