二甲醚的生产技术现状及前景展望

简要介绍了二甲醚（DME）的各种生产方法及技术进展情况，并对其工艺特点进行了分析比较。以甲醇为原料的二甲醚生产技术较为成熟，该工艺流程较长，设备投资大，产品成本较高，受甲醇市场波动的影响比较大；合成气法二甲醚的生产成本大大降低，可以替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料，这对于我国能源的优化利用具有重要意义。     

二甲醚生产技术进展综述

综合叙述了二甲醚生产技术及其应用和发展的概况。     

二甲醚生产技术及应用前景

介绍了二甲醚的生产技术、主要用途和研究进展，并对其应用前景做了展望。     

二甲醚的生产技术和前景展望

本文详细介绍了二甲醚的多种用途及生产技术，并对现有国内外生产工艺技术生产比较，指出了合成气一步法二甲醚合，成更具有热力学方面的优势，建议大力开展合成气一步法直接合成二甲醚工艺及催化剂的研究，二甲醚作为用途广泛绿色化学品，其市场需求量日益增加，其性能和用途决定了具有广阔的前景市场，使其大规模使用成为可能。     

二甲醚生产技术的新进展

1 引言 二甲醚是近年来开发的重要有机化工产品,用途十分广泛。其中80％用作气雾剂,作为良好的溶剂、冷冻剂、萃取剂等,在化妆品、医药、染料、农药等行业也得到广泛应用。二甲醚还以其高十六烷值、对环境污染小的特性,成为潜在的汽车燃料和民用燃料。     

二甲醚的生产与发展

介绍了二甲醚国内外的合成工艺、市场需求及发展前景.重点介绍了合成气直接生产二甲醚的工艺路线和其作为清洁燃料的优异性能.     

国内二甲醚的生产及应用

二甲醚是一种重要的甲醇下游产品,具有其独立的优点-对金属无腐蚀性,在温度和湿度高场所具有较好的稳定性,且不含氯氟烃,是氟里昂的理想替代品。对保护大气臭氧层有着积极的意义,是理想环保产品。     

二甲醚生产技术(下)

综述了二甲醇的生产技术     

二甲醚的生产技术及进展

介绍了二甲醚(DME)的各种生产方法及技术进展情况，并对其工艺特点进行了分析比较。     

合成气一步法制二甲醚催化剂的研究

在Cu-Zn-Al甲醇催化剂制备工艺的基础上,研制出合成气一步法制二甲醚催化剂。经过实验室试验和评价,确定了催化剂使用的最佳工艺条件：压力40 MPa,温度270～310 ℃,空速1 000～2 000 ｈ^-1,合成气中H2体积分数为70%～80%,CO体积分数6%～12%,CO₂体积分数3%～4%。在该条件下,CO转化率大于85％,二甲醚选择性大于90％,二甲醚的收率达65％以上。催化剂表现出良好的活性、选择性和稳定性。     

共沉淀法制备浆状催化剂前躯体对一步法合成二甲醚的影响

用共沉淀法制备一步法合成二甲醚浆状催化剂的前躯体,完全液相热处理后,在浆态床中对其催化性能进行了测试,通过XRD、BET和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明,将Zr组分引入CuZnSiAl催化剂后,催化剂二甲醚的选择性提高。     

Combustion and emission characteristics of DME as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines with a high pressure injection system

The subject of this work is the investigation of the injection characteristics of neat dimethyl ether (DME) and the effect of DME fuel on the exhaust emission characteristics and engine performance of compression ignition engines. In order to analyze the injection characteristics of DME fuel as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, experiments were conducted to obtain the injection rate profile. The effective nozzle diameter and its velocity, and the discharge coefficient of the nozzle were analyzed by applying a nozzle flow model that accounted for the effect of cavitation. In addition, combustion characteristics of DME and diesel fuel in terms of combustion pressure, rate of heat release, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), and ignition delay at various injection timings were investigated on a constant energy input basis.When a constant pulse width was applied, the results of DME injection characterization showed that the actual injection duration of DME was longer than that of diesel fuel because the injection started faster and ended with more delay. The DME fueled engine showed slightly higher IMEP and NO_x emission with drastically lower CO and HC emissions and the possible reasons for the higher IMEP of DME fuel was discussed.     

Combustion performance test of a new fuel DME to adapt to a gas turbine for power generation

Recently, DME (dimethyl ether, CH₃OCH₃) has attracted a great deal of attention as an alternative fuel owing to its easy transportation and cleanliness. This study was conducted to verify the combustion performance and to identify potential problems when DME is fueled to a gas turbine. Combustion tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas, in terms of combustion instability, NO_x and CO emissions, and the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber. The results of the performance tests show that DME combustion is very clean but hard to control. The CO emission level of DME is lower than that of methane, while the NO_x emission level of DME is as low as that of methane. When firing DME, the pressure fluctuation in the combustion chamber caused by combustion instability is lower than that occasioned when firing methane. From the results of the outlet temperature of combustor we have ascertained that DME combustion is more likely to flash back than methane combustion and this property should be considered when operating a gas turbine and retrofitting a burner.     

甲醇脱水制二甲醚工艺研究

介绍二甲醚的用途，根据甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应的特点，编制了一个规模为5000t／a两塔流程的甲醇气相催化脱水制二甲醚工艺。模拟后得到了一套数据，每吨二甲醚消耗甲醇的定额为1．414t。     

Industrial gas turbine combustion performance test of DME to use as an alternative fuel for power generation

DME (dimethyl ether, CH₃OCH₃) is both a good alternative fuel for transportation and power generation and an LPG substitute owing to its cleanliness, multi-source productivity and the ease with which it is transported. This study was conducted to verify whether DME is a good fuel for gas turbines and to identify potential problems in fuelling a commercial gas turbine with DME. In this study, the GE7EA gas turbine of the Pyong-tak power plant in Korea was selected as the target of DME application. Combustion performance tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas. Most results of the combustion performance tests show that DME is very clean and efficient fuel for gas turbines. However, other results have shown that it is necessary to retrofit a fuel nozzle to the combustor in consideration of the combustion properties of DME in order to enhance the availability and reliability of DME fired gas turbines.     

二甲醚的用途及发展前景

介绍了二甲醚（DME）的用途及发展前景，阐述了二甲醚用作柴油替代燃料的潜在优势。     

甲醇脱水制二甲醚的技术选择与工艺创新

论述了二甲醚存在的必要性。分析各种气相固定床甲醇脱水制二甲醚生产工艺,比较几家典型技术的工艺特点。还介绍了选择的河南天一工艺技术在该厂应用中的创新,装置建成后的运行情况。     

二甲醚精馏塔实验研究与模拟计算

建立了用于二甲醚精制的精馏塔实验流程,实验测定了在操作工艺条件下的精馏结果。以平衡级理论为依据建立二甲醚精馏过程的数学模型,根据研究体系在通常情况下沸点相差较大、液相非理想性的特点,建立序贯收敛的循环嵌套迭代计算方法对模型进行求解,模拟计算结果与实验数据结果吻合较好。对二甲醚精馏塔的模拟分析结果表明：塔顶要得到含量不小于99 %(mol)二甲醚产品,维持操作压力1 MPa、在精馏塔中部进料的情况下,进料量不超过22 mol·h^-1为宜;回流比要根据进料液中二甲醚组分含量控制在一定范围内;进料液中二氧化碳含量高低对产品二甲醚纯度和收率影响显著,在进入精馏塔之前尽可能地将二氧化碳除去是必要的。