Study on Plasticity Modification for Measuring High Residual Stress by Hole-Drilling Method

Hole-drilling method is a commonly used method for measuring residual stress. The calibration coefficients in ASTM E837-13 a would cause large errors due to the...     

切削中残余应力释放对工件加工变形影响研究

为了研究加工过程中毛坯初始残余应力的释放对加工变形的影响,在弹塑性理论的基础上,建立了三维铣削仿真加工变形场的有限元分析模型,利用位移约束转换和"单元生死"技术仿真了加工过程中工件装夹和材料的去除。通过仿真数据与实验数据相比较,结果表明:工件毛坯残余应力在铣削加工过程中对称释放有利于减小工件加工后变形。     

振动时效过程模拟与分析

由于缺乏对振动时效机理的有效解释,通过振动时效消除残余应力的方法一直未得到广泛应用。采用有限元法对焊接件残余应力的产生及振动消除过程进行了数值模拟,分析了激振力和激振频率等振动时效工艺参数对残余应力消除程度的影响。仿真结果表明,无论构件是否达到共振状态,只有产生一定的微观塑性变形残余应力才能得以释放;一阶模态能在最小的激振力下消除残余应力,是振动时效的最佳选择,而在其它频率,应力消除率取决于激振力的大小。     

基于神经网络的铣削复杂薄壁件受力变形分析和建模研究

铣削过程的复杂性使加工变形问题很难得到精确的解析解。为研究铣削过程中复杂薄壁件受力变形模型,将人工神经网络引入到摆线轮加工变形模型研究过程中,以有限元仿真结果为依据,通过改进的BP神经网络算法,建立了高速铣削轴承钢摆线轮铣削力与变形之间的非线性映射模型。结果显示所建立的网络模型具有较高的精度和良好的泛化能力,为进一步实现变形控制提供科学依据。     

FEM analysis of plasticity-induced error on measurement of welding residual stress by the contour method

The contour method relies on deformations that occur when a residually stressed component is cut along a plane. The method is based on the elastic superposition principle. When plasticity is involved in the relaxation process, stress error in the resulting measurement of residual stress would be caused. During the cutting the specimen is constrained at a location along the cut so that deformations are restrained as much as possible during cutting. With proper selection of the constraining location the plasticity effect can also be minimized. Typical patterns of longitudinal welding residual stress state were taken to assess the plasticity effect along with constraining locations.     

Interfacial Stress and Failure Analysis for Piston Ring Coatings under Dry Running Condition

A two-dimensional thermomechanical finite element model was developed to analyze the sliding process of a piston ring with coating sliding on cylinder liner under dry running condition. Thermal and mechanical effects were considered simultaneously in the model. The aim of the current work is to study the mechanisms of scuffing, failure, and seizure occurrence in a piston ring-liner system. It is shown that coating thickness plays an important role in the thermal and mechanical stress status at the contact area, coating bulk body, and interface of the coating and piston ring substrate. The coating thickness also exhibits a significant influence on the temperature rising at the contact area and interface of the ring coating and substrate, which could cause failure at the interface of the coating and substrate before it happens at the contact surface under some specific conditions. The results also show that thinner coating thickness in some specific range could have a higher possibility of cracking or failure. Furthermore, it is found that the thermal loading is the key cause of scuffing or failure of the piston ring coating.     

超长保护盖翘曲分析和工艺优化

采用有限元方法研究了温度场、压力场对注塑件残余应力及翘曲变形的影响,重点讨论保护盖注塑件的温度场、压力场的计算,以及热塑性小变形理论下的注塑件翘曲变形计算。对影响薄壳塑件翘曲变形的因素(如模具温度、熔体温度、注射速率、保压压力等)进行分析,提出翘曲产生的原因及相应的改进措施。     

A coupled finite element analysis of independently modeled substructures by penalty frame method

A penalty frame method is proposed for the coupled analysis of finite elements with independently modeled substructures. Although previously reported hybrid interface method by Aminpour et al (IJNME, Vol 38, 1995) is accurate and reliable, it requires non-conventional special solution algorithm such as multifrontal solver. In present study, an alternative method has been developed using penalty frame constraints, which results in positive symmetric global stiffness matrices. Thus the conventional skyline solver or band solver can be utilized in the solution routine, which makes the present method applicable in the environment of conventional finite element commercial software. Numerical examples show applicability of the present method.     

Determination of process parameters in stereolithography using neural network

For stereolithography process, accuracy of prototypes is related to laser power, scan speed, scan width, scan pattern, layer thickness, resin characteristics and etc. An accurate prototype is obtained by using appropriate process parameters. In order to determine these parameters, the stereolithography (SLA) machine using neural network was developed and efficiency of the developed SLA machine was compared with that of the traditional SLA. Optimum values for scan speed, hatching spacing and layer thickness improved the surface roughness and build time for the developed SLA.     

Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Machining-Induced White Layer during Rolling Contact

It is well known that a thin phase-transformed white layer can be formed on component surfaces produced by hard machining. However, it is not clear as to how the white layer affects component performance, for example, in rolling contact fatigue. This study aims to determine the effects of white layer and associated residual stress on rolling contact stresses and strains. It is nearly impossible for an experimental study to identify the effects of white layer alone on rolling contact. Furthermore, small-scale contact stresses and strains (less than 30 μm) of the phase-transformed region are difficult to measure using the current experimental techniques. Therefore, a finite element analysis simulation model of rolling contact incorporating machining-induced surface integrity has been developed in this study. Three cases were investigated to decouple the effects of surface integrity factors: surface with white layer only, surface with residual stress only, and surface with white layer and residual stress. The simulation results show that distinct material properties of the white layer significantly influence the magnitudes and distributions of near-surface stresses and strains instead of those in the subsurface. Furthermore, it can be inferred that the white layer would affect near-surface fatigue damage instead of subsurface fatigue damage. The simulated near-surface fatigue damage mechanisms have been substantiated by the fatigue test data.     

Dynamic Stress Analysis of Vehicle Frame Using a Nonlinear Finite Element Method

Structural integrity of either a passenger car or a light truck is one of the basic requirements for a full vehicle engineering and development program. The results of the vehicle product performance are measured in terms of durability, noise/vibration/harshness (NVH), crashworthiness and passenger safety. The level of performance of a vehicle directly affects the marketability, profitability and, most importantly, the future of the automobile manufacturer. In this study, we used the Virtual Proving Ground (VPG) approach for obtaining the dynamic stress or strain history and distribution. The VPG uses a nonlinear, dynamic, finite element code (LS-DYNA) which expands the application boundary outside classic linear, static assumptions. The VPG approach also uses realistic boundary conditions of tire/road surface interactions. To verify the predicted dynamic stress and fatigue critical region, a single bump run test, road load simulation, and field test have been performed. The prediction results were compared with experimental results, and the feasibility of the integrated life prediction methodology was verified.     

A comparison of residual stresses in built-up steel beams using hole-drilling method

Residual stresses have a significant effect on the stability resistance of metal building systems. An experimental program was conducted to measure these stresses in built-up steel beams using incremental hole-drilling method. The experimental results reveal that the predicted residual stress type of pattern for built-up I-sections with fillet welds on one side of the web is not the same as the pattern of residual stresses in built-up I-sections with fillet welds on both sides of the web. This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Youngseog Lee Mohammed Al-Nawafleh received his B.S. and M.S degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Leningrad Institute of Textile and Light Industry, in 1989. He then received his Ph.D. degree from Sankt-Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, Russia in 1993. Dr. Nawafleh (1997–2005) was a Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Al-Balqa’ Applied University in Jordan. From 2005 to 2008 he was a Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Tafila Technical University, and currently he is a Professor at the Department of Civil Engineering at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan.     

Prediction of burr height formation in blanking processes using neural network

Productivity and quality in sheet metal blanking processes part can be assessed by the burr height of the sheared edge after blanking. This paper combines predictive finite element approach with neural network modelling of the leading blanking parameters in order to predict the burr height of the parts for a variety of blanking conditions.Experiments on circular blanking operation has been performed to verify the validity of the proposed approach.The numerical results obtained by finite element computation including damage and fracture modelling and tool wear effects were utilized to train the developed simulation environment based on back propagation neural network modelling.A trained neural network system was used in predicting burr height of the blanked parts versus tool wear state and punch-die clearance.The comparative study between the results obtained by neural network computation and the experimental ones gives good results.     

Acoustic diagnosis of a pump by using neural network

A fundamental study for developing a fault diagnosis system of a pump is performed by using neural network. Acoustic signals were obtained and converted to frequency domain for normal products and artificially deformed products. The neural network model used in this study was 3-layer type composed of input, hidden, and output layer. The normalized amplitudes at the multiples of real driving frequency were chosen as units of input layer. And the codes of pump malfunctions were selected as units of output layer. Various sets of teach signals made from original data by eliminating some random cases were used in the training. The average errors were approximately proportional to the number of untaught data. Neural network trained by acoustic signals can detect malfunction or diagnose fault of a given machine from the results.     

Vibration analysis of the plates subject to distributed dynamic loads by using spectral element method

A spectral element method (SEM) is introduced for the vibration analysis of rectangular plates under distributed dynamic loads. In this paper, the spectral plate element matrix (often called the dynamic stiffness matrix) is formulated from the relation between the forces and displacement along the opposite two parallel edges. The distributed dynamic load is discretized into a sequence of equivalent line loads. The plate is then considered as a connection of two spectral plate element with the joint node line along which the equivalent line load acts. The spatial coordinate dependence of each equivalent line load is then removed through the spatial Fourier transformation so that the plate (2-D) problem becomes a simplified equivalent beam like (1-D) problem. The remaining solution procedures is therefore the same as that used for beam problems. Numerical tests show that the present SEM provides very accurate solutions when compared to finite element solutions.     

基于动力学特征的磨床床身结构优化布局设计

用有限元方法对内圆磨床床身结构进行建模和和动态分析,通过探讨改进床身内部筋板的不同布局对床身结构动态特性的影响,发现调节筋板布局是改善床身动力学特性的关键。     

一种圆锥面无键联接接触压力和应力的解析计算方法

推导了计算圆锥无键联接的接触压力的解析公式,给出了心轴和套筒轴的径向应力、轴向应力、切向应力、Mises等效应力以及压入轴向力的方程。对解析解与等效直径的圆柱面无键联接近似解法、有限元法的计算结果进行了比较。在不考虑端部应力集中时,3种方法计算出的接触压力和Mises等效应力结果差别不大。进一步验证了近似解法的可行性,并为计算圆锥联接传递的扭矩和胀紧套的应力分析提供了依据。     

超越离合器滚动接触状态的三维有限元分析

基于超越离合器的CAD实体几何模型，建立了由摆杆、滚拄和星轮组成的摩擦传动组合体的三维有限元计算模型，进行了滚动接触状态分析，得到了各接触体的法向接触应力、切向接触应力和接触变形，并研究了接触体之间的摩擦系数对接触状态的影响规律，为超越离合器的磨损研究提供了依据。     

薄壁箱形梁的焊接变形预测

通过试验和理论的结合,对薄壁箱形梁的焊接变形进行了预测。主要采用热弹塑性有限元法分析焊接时梁的变形情况,结果与实际吻合得非常好,为后面预测大型薄壁结构的焊接变形奠定了基础。     

Optimum design of ship design system using neural network method in initial design of hull plate

Manufacturing of complex surface plates in stern and stem is a major factor in cost of a preliminary ship design by computing process. If these hull plate parts are effectively classified, it helps to compute the processing cost and find the way to cut-down the processing cost. This paper presents a new method to classify surface plates effectively in the preliminary ship design using neural network. A neural-network-based ship hull plate classification program was developed and tested for the automatic classification of ship design. The input variables are regarded as Gaussian curvature distributions on the plate. Various applicable rules of network topology are applied in the ship design. In automation of hull plate classification, two different numbers of input variables are used. By observing the results of the proposed method, the effectiveness of the proposed method is discussed. As a result, high prediction rate was achieved in the ship design. Accordingly, to the initial design stage, the ship hull plate classification program can be used to predict the ship production cost. And the proposed method will contribute to reduce the production cost of ship.