Antihyperlipidemic effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) protein isolate in rats fed a normal and high cholesterol diet

The dietary influence of sesame protein isolate (protein content 91.5%), produced from dehulled, defatted sesame meal, on blood and tissue lipid profile and lipid peroxidation has been assessed in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. To evaluate their hypocholesterolemic and antioxidative activity in vivo, we fed 18% sesame protein isolate with or without 2% cholesterol in comparison with casein to rats for 28 d. We determined plasma total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triacylglycerol as well as susceptibility of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid to oxidation ex vivo. Liver tissue lipid, cholesterol, phospholipids, and lipid peroxidations were also determined. The total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were significantly reduced in the sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group than the corresponding control casein groups. HDL-cholesterol level was also increased in sesame protein isolate (41%) and protein isolate containing cholesterol group (38%) than the corresponding control casein and casein containing cholesterol groups. There was 49% and 64% lowering of plasma lipid peroxidation as well as 36% and 56% lowering of lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility (LOS) in the 2 experimental groups (sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group) than the corresponding control (casein and casein containing cholesterol) groups. There was significant lowering of erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (68% and 63% lowering in sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol groups) and liver lipid peroxidation (61% and 76% lowering in the 2 experimental groups than the corresponding control casein groups). Therefore, our results indicate that sesame protein isolate decreases cholesterol concentration in plasma, increases HDL-cholesterol, and also decreases plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation with or without cholesterol fed diet in rats.     

Dietetic and hypocholesterolaemic action of black soy peptide in dietary obese rats

To investigate the effect of peptides from black soy (rat's eye) bean (Rhynchosia volubilis Lour.) on weight gain and lipid composition, Sprague–Dawley male rats were fed either a black soy peptide (BSP; 2, 6 or 10% of energy)‐containing diet or a casein control diet (20% of energy) enriched with 36% fat and 1% cholesterol for 28 days. Compared with the casein group, the BSP groups showed significant attenuation of body, liver and epididymal adipose tissue weight gains (P < 0.05). Moreover, rats that consumed BSP had a lower total cholesterol concentration and low‐density lipoprotein/high‐density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) ratio in serum and a lower level of hepatic triglycerides as well as higher excretion of faeces compared with those fed only casein (P < 0.05). Molecular weights of peptides from black soy were mainly below 10 kDa, and Arg/Lys and Gly/Met ratios in BSP were five and three times of those in casein respectively. It is concluded that BSP can be a potent nutraceutical component for anti‐obesity and hypolipidaemic benefits. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

无斑鹞鲼蛋白质对大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响

目的：探讨无斑鹞鲼蛋白（Aetobatus flagelum protein,AFP）对高胆固醇模型大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响,并对其可能的作用机制加以研究。方法：5 周龄雄性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠,适应性饲养1 周后,按体质量随机分为酪蛋白对照组、5% AFP组、10% AFP组,分别给予高胆固醇饲料及分别添加5%和10% AFP的高胆固醇饲料。28 d后测定大鼠血清总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）水平,肝脏TC、游离胆固醇水平,粪便中胆汁酸和中性固醇含量以及肝脏3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A（3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMG-CoA）、胆固醇酰基转移酶2（acyl coenzyme Acholesterolacyltransferase 2,ACAT2）、胆固醇7α-羟化酶1（cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase 1,CYP7A1）的mRNA表达量。结果：与酪蛋白对照组相比,无斑鹞鲼蛋白可显著降低大鼠血清和肝脏中的TC含量（P＜0.05）,明显增加血清HDL-C含量（P＜0.05）,极显著降低大鼠动脉粥样硬化指数（P＜0.01）。此外,无斑鹞鲼蛋白可明显增加大鼠粪便中胆汁酸和中性固醇的排出量（P＜0.05）,并可降低大鼠肝脏中ACAT2 mRNA的表达量（P＜0.05）,增加CYP7A1 mRNA的表达量（P＜0.05）,而对HMG-CoA mRNA的作用不显著。结论：无斑鹞鲼蛋白可明显降低大鼠血清和肝脏中的TC含量,降低大鼠血清动脉粥样硬化指数,其作用机制主要与增加肝脏内胆固醇的分解代谢以及促进粪便中性固醇和胆汁酸的排出有关。     

植物分离蛋白对卵巢切除大鼠血脂代谢的影响

目的:研究大米分离蛋白和大豆分离蛋白对因雌性激素缺乏引起的高胆固醇血症的影响.方法:将24只Wistar成年雌鼠随机分为4组.3组大鼠进行双侧卵巢切除手术,分别喂食添加20%酪蛋白(对照组)、大米分离蛋白或大豆分离蛋白的饲料.另1组进行卵巢伪切除手术,喂食添加20%酪蛋白的对照饲料,喂养4周后解剖,测定血清和肝脏中胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度以及粪中胆汁酸排泄量和蛋白表观消化率等指标.结果:卵巢切除明显增加成年雌鼠血清和肝脏中胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度.与酪蛋白组相比,饲料中添加大豆分离蛋白能显著降低卵巢切除大鼠血浆总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白及胆固醇浓度(p＜0.05),但对血浆甘油三酯浓度无显著影响,同时明显降低肝重、肝脏中总脂、总胆固醇、游离胆固醇及甘油三酯总量,以及增加排粪量和胆汁酸排泄量,大豆分离蛋白表观消化率也明显比酪蛋白和大米分离蛋白高.大米分离蛋白对血脂没有明显降低效果,但肝脏总脂、总胆固醇、游离胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度明显低于酪蛋白饲料组,而排粪量、粪中胆汁酸排泄量和蛋白表观消化率则与酪蛋白组无显著差异.结论:抗消化蛋白对因雌性激素缺乏引起的高胆固醇血症有明显降低效果,可能的作用机制是由于该蛋白的低消化性干扰,肠道中胆汁酸代谢,增加粪中胆汁酸的排泄量来降低肝脏和血浆中胆固醇浓度.     

米糠蛋白改善大鼠脂质代谢作用及机制研究

为了讨论米糠蛋白对高脂饮食状态大鼠脂质代谢的影响及作用机制。试验设计酪蛋白组（CAS,对照组）、米糠蛋白组（RBP）、糙米蛋白组（BRP）和大米蛋白组（WRP）等4组,饲喂大鼠分别添加了质量分数20%酪蛋白、15%酪蛋白+5%米糠蛋白、15%酪蛋白+5%糙米蛋白和15%酪蛋白+5%大米蛋白的高胆固醇饲料3周。实验测定大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）水平、甘油三酯（TG）浓度以及肝脏TC、TG和总脂质的含量,并收集了实验后期3 d的粪便,测定其总胆汁酸和中性固醇的排泄量。采用体外模拟人体胃肠消化道环境试验,测定CAS、RBP、BRP及WRP对胶束溶解度的抑制率和不同浓度RBP的胆汁酸结合能力。结果显示,高纯度米糠蛋白与酪蛋白和其他蛋白组相比较能明显降低高胆固醇饲喂大鼠的血清TC（P<0.05）以及动脉粥样硬化指数（P<0.05）,肝脏TC水平显著降低（P<0.05）,粪便中总胆汁酸排泄量显著增加（P<0.05）。体外实验结果表明,米糠蛋白能与胆汁酸相结合,显著抑制了胆固醇胶束溶解度（P<0.05）。综上所述,米糠蛋白在体内与胆汁酸相结合,抑制其在肠道的吸收,增加其粪便中的排泄量,最后达到降血脂的作用。     

豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合增强降血脂效果

目的：研究富含膳食纤维的豆渣饲料对抗消化淀粉降低因缺乏雌性激素导致的高血脂症效果的影响。方法：将32 只Wistar 成年雌鼠进行双侧卵巢切除手术,恢复后随机分为4 组,分别饲喂膳食纤维总含量为2.6%(对照组)、41.7%(豆渣SD 组)、39.8%(抗消化淀粉RS 组)和40.5%(SD+RS 复合组)的饲料。喂养5 周后解剖,测定血清和肝脏中胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度、肝脏胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性以及小肠、盲肠中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸排泄量等指标。结果：与饲料对照组相比,RS、SD+RS 明显降低血清和肝脏胆固醇浓度(P ＜ 0.05),SD、SD+RS显著降低血清甘油三酯浓度(P ＜ 0.05),SD+RS 显著提高了小肠中胆汁酸总量、粪便中胆汁酸排泄量以及肝脏的胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性(P ＜ 0.05)。结论：豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合能明显提高抗消化淀粉降血脂效果。降低血清胆固醇浓度的可能机制是通过增加肠道中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸的排泄量来降低血液中胆固醇浓度。     

Metabolic response of soy pinitol on lipid‐lowering,antioxidant and hepatoprotective action in hamsters fed‐high fat and high cholesterol diet

This study was performed to investigate the lipid‐lowering, antioxidant, and hepato‐protective effects of pinitol in dose‐dependent manners in hamsters fed‐high fat and high cholesterol (HFHC) diet. Pinitol supplementation (0.05%, P‐I and 0.1% pinitol, P‐II) with an HFHC diet (10% coconut oil plus 0.2% cholesterol) for 10 wks significantly lowered the white adipose tissue weights, hepatic lipid droplets, plasma glucose, total‐cholesterol, nonHDL‐cholesterol, total‐cholesterol/HDL‐cholesterol ratio, and hepatic lipid levels. Whereas it significantly increased the brown adipose tissue weight, plasma HDL‐cholesterol, apolipoprotein A‐I (apo A‐I) concentrations, paraoxonase (PON) activity, and/or mRNA expression, compared to the HFHC control group. Plasma insulin and adiponectin levels were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in both P‐I and P‐II groups than the HFHC control group. Dietary pinitol significantly inhibited hepatic HMG‐CoA reductase, acyl‐CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), and cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) activities without altering their mRNA expressions compared to the control group. Pinitol significantly elevated the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, whereas it also significantly reduced the hepatic lipid peroxide and H₂O₂ production. Accordingly, these results indicate that both 0.05 and 0.1% pinitol supplementation may improve the lipid and antioxidant metabolism in HFHC diet‐fed hamsters. In particular, pinitol supplementation was very effective on the elevation of antiatherogenic factors, including plasma HDL‐cholesterol, apo A‐I, adiponectin, and PON.     

LIPID-LOWERING EFFICACY OF PIPERINE FROM PIPER NIGRUM L. IN HIGH-FAT DIET AND ANTITHYROID DRUG-INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RATS

Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control diet group and high‐fat diet group (HFD). Both groups were divided into four subgroups, each consisted of 10 animals, and the diets were supplemented with the following ingredients for 10 weeks: (1) 1% carboxymethyl cellulose; (2) 10 mg carbimazole (CM)/kg body weight; (3) 10 mg CM + 40 mg piperine/kg body weight; and (4) 10 mg CM + 2 mg atorvastatin/kg body weight. Feeding HFD to rats significantly (P < 0.05) elevated plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) and the activity of 3‐hydroxy 3‐methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase in the liver, heart and aorta, while the activities of plasma and tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and high‐density lipoprotein were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered compared to control rats. Supplementing piperine with HFD significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the levels of plasma total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL tissue HMG CoA reductase and significantly (P < 0.05) elevated the levels of LPL and LCAT compared to rats that did not receive piperine. Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols were also elevated in HFD‐fed rats as compared to control animals, while simultaneous supplementation of piperine significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced further excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols. The results indicate that piperine can prevent the accumulation of plasma lipids and lipoproteins significantly by modulating the enzymes of lipid metabolism.     

Effects of highly purified sardine proteins on lipid peroxidation and reverse cholesterol transport in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet

The effect of highly purified sardine proteins was compared with that of casein on serum and lipoproteins lipid peroxidation and reverse cholesterol transport. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, high density lipoproteins (HDL₂ and HDL₃) composition and serum lipid and lipoproteins peroxidation were determined in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Hypercholesterolemic rats were divided into two groups fed diets enriched with cholesterol and containing 20% of highly purified sardine proteins (SPc) or casein (CASc) for 28 days. A control group was fed a standard diet (CAS). Compared with CAS and CASc, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations of low density lipoprotein (LDL)–HDL₁ in SPc were 3.5- and 1.7-fold higher compared with casein diets. TBARS in HDL₂ and HDL₃ were, respectively, 2.3- and 1.6-fold lower in SPc compared with CASc. In SPc group, LCAT activity was higher compared to CASc and CAS (P < 0.05). Purified sardine proteins had no beneficial effects on LDL-cholesterol and lipid peroxidation. However, they reduced HDL oxidation and improved reverse cholesterol transport, in the hypercholesterolemic rat.     

酪蛋白磷酸肽、高钙膳食及二者复合物结合高钙膳食对高尿酸血症大鼠的影响

目的：研究酪蛋白磷酸肽(CPPs)、钙粉及二者复合物对高尿酸血症大鼠血清尿酸(UA)、总胆固醇(TC)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)及肝脏XOD 和ADA 的影响。方法：用腺嘌呤(100mg/(kg bw·d))+ 乙胺丁醇(250mg/(kg bw·d))给大鼠灌胃3 周,造成高尿酸血症模型,再在饲料中加入酪蛋白磷酸肽、钙粉以及二者复合物对其进行干预28d。结果：干预前造模大鼠的血尿酸水平高于空白组;和模型组相比,各干预组大鼠血清UA 和TC 水平均降低,同时各组肝脏中XOD、血清和肝脏中ADA 活性均低于模型组,其中复合组的效果最为明显(P ＜ 0.05)。结论：酪蛋白磷酸肽结合钙粉可相对更好地促进尿酸降低。     

Cholesterol‐Lowering Properties of Whole Cowpea Seed and Its Protein Isolate in Hamsters

ABSTRACT: Hypercholesterolemic hamsters were fed for 4 wk on diets rich in saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, differing only in protein source (20 %): casein (control group, HC), whole cowpea seed (HWS), and cowpea protein isolate (HPI). Hamsters fed on HWS and HPI presented significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol and non‐HDL cholesterol. HPI and HC presented similar protein digestibility, which were significantly higher than that of HWS. Animals fed on HWS presented significantly higher levels of bile acids and cholesterol in feces than did the animals fed on casein or HPI diets. Histological analyses of the liver showed that HC diet resulted in steatosis widely distributed throughout the hepatic lobule, while HWS and HPI diets promoted reductions in liver steatosis. The effectiveness of HWS for modulating lipid metabolism was greater than that of HPI, as measured by plasma cholesterol reduction and liver steatosis.     

猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白对生长期大鼠生理功能的影响

目的：研究长期摄入猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白对生长期大鼠生长性能、生理功能的影响。方法：30 只雄性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠随机分为3 组,分别饲喂添加酪蛋白、猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白作为蛋白质来源的半合成饲料,实验期为90 d,观察其对大鼠生理指标的影响。结果：相对于酪蛋白组,猪肉蛋白组和牛肉蛋白组大鼠的生长速率变缓,脂肪沉积减少（P＜0.05）,但有较高的谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活力（P＜0.05）。猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白可降低大鼠血清中的甘油三酯浓度（P＜0.05）,牛肉蛋白还可降低总胆固醇和血糖浓度（P＜0.05）,猪肉蛋白则对其没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。猪肉蛋白组和牛肉蛋白组的大鼠有较低的血清游离氨基酸水平（P＜0.05）。结论：长期摄入猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白会对大鼠机体代谢产生不同的影响,这与蛋白质来源及其消化和吸收有关。猪肉蛋白和牛肉蛋白有控制大鼠体质量增长的作用,牛肉蛋白还可以降低大鼠肝脏代谢水平,具有降血脂的功能。     

燕麦β-葡聚糖对2型糖尿病大鼠肠黏膜屏障的影响

目的:探究燕麦β-葡聚糖对2型糖尿病大鼠肠黏膜屏障的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠高脂饲料喂养4周,腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)建立2型糖尿病模型,成模后随机分为模型对照组和燕麦β-葡聚糖低、中、高剂量组。低、中、高剂量组由基础饲料添加燕麦β-葡聚糖至其质量分数分别为0.275%、0.550%、1.100%,模型对照组和正常对照组均以基础饲料喂养。10周后,测定其空腹血糖、肠道菌群以及结肠β-防御素-2、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(secretory immunoglobulin A,s Ig A)、紧密连接蛋白Occludin含量。结果:高剂量组较模型对照组血糖水平显著降低(P0.05);燕麦β-葡聚糖各干预组结肠紧密连接蛋白Occludin的表达水平显著高于模型对照组(P0.05),β-防御素-2水平显著低于模型对照组(P0.05),结肠s Ig A水平与模型对照组之间的差异不显著(P0.05);中、高剂量组结肠大肠杆菌数量上升幅度减小(P0.05),燕麦β-葡聚糖各干预组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数量上升幅度增大(P0.05)。结论:燕麦β-葡聚糖可以改善2型糖尿病大鼠肠黏膜机械屏障和生物屏障的损伤,起到保护肠黏膜屏障的作用。     

Hypocholesterolemic Action of Fermented Brown Rice Supplement in Cholesterol-Fed Rats: Cholesterol-lowering Action of Fermented Brown Rice

Fermented rice products have been implicated in vascular injury and atherosclerosis in recent animal and human studies. In the current study, whether consumption of differently processed brown rice diets may change the cholesterol metabolism was evaluated in male Spraque Dawley (SD) rats after 28 d of treatment with diets containing 1% cholesterol. The experimental diets include corn starch alone as control diet (CO) or a diet containing a 50% substitute of CO; uncooked brown rice (UB), cooked brown rice (CB), lactic acid bacteria (LAB), brown rice mixed with LAB (BLAB), and fermented‐brown rice by LAB (FB), respectively. Among them, FB group elicited significantly lower levels of plasma and hepatic triglycerides, plasma total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C) by 33% to 50%, whereas higher levels of HDL‐C were elicited by 227% compared with the CO group (P < 0.05). These amelioration action on lipid profile in FB group appeared to correspondent to the higher excretions of fecal weight, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and bile acid (P < 0.05). Furthermore, sensory properties such as flavor liking, taste liking, and overall acceptability of the diet were significantly improved by the addition of fermented brown rice. Conclusively, fermented‐brown rice may have a potent cholesterol‐lowering benefits with sensory quality improvement of the diet.     

The hypocholesterolaemic effect of milk yoghurt and soy-yoghurt containing bifidobacteria in rats fed on a cholesterol-enriched diet

The effect of buffalo milk yoghurt and soy-yoghurt supplemented with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 or Bifidobacterium longum Bb-46 on plasma and liver lipids and the faecal excretion of bile acids was determined in rats fed on a cholesterol-enriched diet. The groups fed on a cholesterol-enriched diet supplemented with yoghurt and soy-yoghurt containing Bb-12 or Bb-46 had significantly lower levels of plasma total cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)+low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol than the positive control group (without supplementation). Yoghurt or soy-yoghurt containing Bb-46 was more effective in the lowering of plasma and liver cholesterol levels than yoghurt or soy-yoghurt containing Bb-12. Furthermore, the faecal excretions of bile acids were markedly promoted in yoghurt and soy-yoghurt containing Bb-12 and Bb-46 groups compared with the positive control group. The results showed also an inverse relationship between the faecal excretions of bile acids and the levels of total cholesterol in blood plasma from rats fed on a cholesterol-enriched diet with probiotic supplementation.     

麦绿素对生长期大鼠营养生理功能的影响

为研究麦绿素对生长期大鼠生理功能的影响,将20只生长期雄性SD大鼠随机分为两组,分别饲喂含20%酪蛋白(酪蛋白组)和14%酪蛋白加6%麦绿素蛋白(麦绿素组)的人工半合成饲料,采用对喂技术饲养6周,观察大鼠营养生理指标的变化。结果表明,麦绿素对大鼠的正常生长发育无不良影响,而且能够促进粪便排泄,降低血清中肌酐和尿酸浓度,增加血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,同时降低血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和甘油三酯(TG)水平,并且能够显著降低血清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量。表明麦绿素在大鼠粪便代谢、脂代谢、增强肝功能以及抗氧化方面都起到了有益作用,预示麦绿素可能对人体健康具有特殊功能。     

多孔淀粉对卵巢切除大鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的:研究多孔淀粉对卵巢切除大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法:将24只雌性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为3组,其中一组进行伪切除手术,其余两组进行双侧卵巢切除手术,手术后恢复1周,分别饲喂相应饲料。4周后,检测大鼠血脂、肝脂、粪便中中性固醇含量和胆汁酸含量以及肠道中典型微生物数量、短链脂肪酸浓度等指标。结果:多孔淀粉的替代添加可以显著降低大鼠血浆中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、TG与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)的比值(TG/HDL-C)、肝脏中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、TG和脂肪总质量,显著减少腹部脂肪堆积(P0.05);显著增加粪便中中性固醇和胆汁酸的排泄量(P0.05);同时促进肠道中益生菌增殖和短链脂肪酸浓度的提高。结论:多孔淀粉对雌激素缺乏引起的高脂血症具有较好的降脂、降胆固醇效果,对内源性脂质代谢紊乱具有较好的缓解作用。     

MILK BASIC PROTEIN ENHANCES THE BONE STRENGTH IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

We studied the effects of milk basic protein (MBP) on bone metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Five‐week‐old female Sprague‐Dawley rats were ovariectomized and fed a low‐calcium diet (0.009% Ca) for 5 weeks. The OVX rats were divided into three experimental groups: Control group (20% casein), MBP‐L group (19.9% casein, 0.1% MBP), and MBP‐H (19% casein, 1% MBP) of six animals. The rats were fed each experimental diet for 3 weeks. The bone breaking strength and energy of femur in the MBP‐H group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The bone breaking energy of femur in the MBP‐L group was also significantly higher than those in the control group. There were no differences in the amount of femoral calcium and phosphorus among the three groups, however, the amounts of femoral proline, hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine (typical amino acids of collagen) in the MBP groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. These data indicate that MBP in the whey protein increases the amount of the bone collagen and enhances the bone strength.     

植物乳杆菌WW对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响

为了研究植物乳杆菌WW（Lactobacillus plantarum WW）对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响,将32 只5 周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4 组：正常对照组（A）喂食基础饲料＋无菌水、高脂模型组（B）饲喂高脂饲料＋无菌水、脱脂乳对照组（C）饲喂高脂饲料＋无菌脱脂乳、菌液干预组（D）饲喂高脂饲料＋菌悬液（1×1010 CFU/mL）,灌胃量为10 mL/kg mb,12 周后测定相关指标。结果显示：4 组大鼠肾脏、脾脏和心脏指数差异不显著（P＞0.05）,而B组和C组肝脏指数显著高于A组和D组（P＜0.05）,说明L. plantarum WW无毒副作用,并且能够减少脂肪在肝脏的堆积;B组血清和肝脏血脂水平显著高于A组（P＜0.05）,说明造模成功;与B组相比,D组血清和肝脏各指标水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,粪便中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆汁酸含量显著升高（P＜0.05）,说明L. plantarum WW能够促进胆固醇的排泄,进而降低大鼠体内胆固醇。这些结果表明植物乳杆菌WW可能是缓解高脂血症并用于功能性食品的潜在益生菌。