攀钢铁水转炉提钒冷却制度改进措施研究

针对攀钢生铁块资源枯竭，入炉铁水温度呈现逐月上升的趋势，铁水Si含量上升，且波动大，铁水钒含量降低和转炉提钒的工艺现状，通过对攀钢转炉提钒冷却工艺进行一系列的试验研究，提出了改进攀钢铁水转炉提钒工艺冷却制度的技术措施，生产表明，冷却制度改进后，钒渣品位≥17．5％，半钢残钒≤0．04％，钒回收率≥80．0％。半钢温度≥1280℃合格率≥75％；半钢C≥3．4％，合格率≥85％。     

攀钢转炉提钒工艺达到世界先进水平

在攀钢科研人员的努力下,攀钢转炉提钒工艺技术各项指标达到甚至超过世界先进水平,钒渣产量也大幅增加,从去年二季度开始,钒渣折合产量月月上万吨。攀钢原来采用的雾化提钒工艺提钒,有一个最突出的缺点,就是钒渣生产能力低,（ＴＦｅ）、（ＭＦｅ）高,钒回收率低。用转炉提钒代替雾化提工艺可以解决这一问题。攀钢经过近两年系统攻关,制定出了较合理的转炉提钒工艺,生产出优质钒渣和合格半钢,满足了钒渣的深加工和转炉炼钢工艺要求。目前,该工艺又获得突破性进展,各项技术指标全面优化,半钢残钒到０．０２８％,比原来指标下降…     

攀钢转炉提钒工艺的回顾与展望

通过对不同提钒工艺流程的对比分析,系统回顾了攀钢提钒工艺的发展、优化,提出了攀钢未来转炉提钒工艺的一个初步思路。     

攀钢转炉提钒工艺的技术变革与展望

介绍了攀钢转炉提钒科技攻关工作中,针对低钒铁水转炉提钒工艺“脱钒保碳”的技术观点,采取的一系列工艺技术变革措施,实施后所达到的转炉提钒工艺技术水平。还阐述了今后攀钢转炉提钒工艺技术的发展方向。     

攀钢转炉提钒工艺获突破性进展

攀钢经过近两年的技术攻关,制定出先进的转炉提钒工艺,生产出优质钒渣和半钢,满足了钒渣的深加工和转炉炼钢工艺要求。从而克服了原来雾化提钒工艺的缺点,钒渣产量大幅度增加。目前,攀钢转炉提钒工艺的各项技术工艺指标已全面优化,半钢残钒达到0028%,比原指标下降0011%,达...     

攀钢转炉提钒工艺流程中钒的走向分析

根据对攀钢转炉提钒工艺流程中钒走向的调查，给出了钒平衡试验结果，提出了提高转炉提钒工艺钒收率的技术措施。     

V2O5生产中钒渣球磨工艺优化

针对攀钢转炉钒渣生产V2O5的原料预处理工艺，对利用溢流型球磨磨细钒渣的工艺进行了介绍。对球磨转速、大小钢球配比、下料速度三个影响球磨粒度的主要因素了研究，结果表明：以选定参数运行的球磨系统处理攀钢转炉钒渣可获得－120目≥70％，MFe≤5％的精粉钒渣。     

攀钢转炉提钒与雾化提钒分析对比

针对攀钢二期提钒生产采用转炉法还是雾化法这个问题,本文基于攀钢的实际情况并结合国内有关提钒—炼钢工艺水平,对上述两种工艺进行了分析对比。分析认为,攀钢应当进一步完善雾化提钒,二期宜沿用雾化提钒工艺。     

攀钢研究院《转炉同时脱磷提钒工艺技术研究》课题通过四川省鉴定

正(9月19日消息)日前,攀钢研究院、攀钢西昌钢钒等单位负责的《转炉同时脱磷提钒工艺技术研究》顺利通过四川省金属学会鉴定,鉴定专家认为该项目整体技术达到领先水平。该项目是基于攀钢传统炼钢生产流程在磷控制上存在较大难度的背景下提出,希冀于借鉴转炉双联脱磷工艺,通过提钒转炉实现脱磷功能而减轻炼钢转炉的脱磷压力。然而,原有的钒渣体系并无脱磷能力、加入石灰作为脱磷剂后存在钒酸钙影响脱磷能力的潜在缺陷、提钒转炉同时实现脱磷和提钒的功能并无经验     

含钒转炉钢渣中钒的提取与回收

针对攀钢目前含钒铁水的工艺流程和含钒转炉钢渣中V2O3含量,提出了从含钒钢渣提钒的新的技术思路和工艺,并对新工艺的关键环节——含钒钢渣冶炼和高钒铁水提钒进行了试验研究。结果表明：采用矿热炉冶炼含钒钢渣,生铁中钒的质量分数达7．45％,对含钒生铁进行提钒,钒渣中V2O3;的质量分数达35．06％,实现了钒资源的有效提取和综合回收。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定高碳除尘灰中11种元素

实验重点探讨了高含量碳对除尘灰样品中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素测定的影响,并解决了除碳的问题。样品使用马弗炉高温除碳,采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解样品灰分,选择了镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素的分析谱线和扣背景模式,建立了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定高碳除尘灰中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素的方法。在仪器最佳工作条件下,各元素校准曲线线性相关系数r均大于0.999 5,方法检出限在1.08～26.01 mg/kg之间。方法应用于除尘灰实际样品中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.90%～7.1%,目标元素的加标回收率为90%～117%;按照实验方法测定除尘灰中镁、铝、钾、钙、锌,结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)的测定结果相吻合。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铍中11种杂质元素

铍中铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌等11种杂质元素含量的准确测定,是判定铍材是否合格的重要指标。目前,上述杂质元素的测定标准为GJB 2513A—2008《铍化学分析方法》,方法分别采用光度法和原子吸收光谱法对各元素逐一测定,测定周期很长。试验采用盐酸-硝酸溶解样品,选择Al 308.215nm、Co 230.786nm、Cr 284.325nm、Cu 324.754nm、Fe 261.187nm、Mg 285.213nm、Mn 260.569nm、Ni 221.647nm、Pb 182.205nm、Si 250.690nm、Zn 213.856nm为分析谱线,采用标准加入法(MSA)配制标准溶液系列消除基体效应的影响,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌,从而建立了铍中11种元素的测定方法。各待测元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.9995;各元素的定量限为0.001%~0.002%。实验方法用于测定铍样中铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为0.63%~8.6%,回收率为90%~110%。按照实验方法测定铍样中上述11种元素,测定结果与采用GJB 2513A—2008测定的结果吻合。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr含量

研究了应用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr微量元素，研究了基体干扰及消除方法，同时考察了介质，采用盐酸、高氯酸、硝酸、氢氟酸等分解试样。Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr的检出限为(％)：0．0002，0．0002，0．0003，0．0002，0．0005。     

Management of Fluid Mud in Estuaries, Bays, and Lakes. II: Measurement, Modeling, and Management

Techniques for measurement, modeling, and management of fluid mud are available, but research is needed to improve them. Fluid mud can be difficult to detect, measure, or sample, which has led to new instruments and new ways of using existing instruments. Multifrequency acoustic fathometers sense neither density nor viscosity and are, therefore, unreliable in measuring fluid mud. Nuclear density probes, towed sleds, seismic, and drop probes equipped with density meters offer the potential for accurate measurements. Numerical modeling of fluid mud requires solving governing equations for flow velocity, density, pressure, salinity, water surface, plus sediment submodels. A number of such models exist in one-, two-, and three-dimensional form, but they rely on empirical relationships that require substantial site-specific validation to observations. Management of fluid mud techniques can be classified as those that accomplish: Source control, formation control, and removal. Nautical depth, a fourth category, defines the channel bottom as a specific fluid mud density or alternative parameter as safe for navigation. Source control includes watershed management measures to keep fine sediment out of waterways and in-water measures such as structures and traps. Formation control methods include streamlined channels and structures plus other measures to reduce flocculation and structures that train currents. Removal methods include the traditional dredging and transport of dredged material plus agitation that contributes to formation control and/or nautical depth. Conditioning of fluid mud by dredging and aerating offers the possibility of improved navigability. Two examples—the Atchafalaya Bar Channel and Savannah Harbor—illustrate the use of measurements and management of fluid mud.     

Review of Alcoholism: A bio-psycho-social approach.

Reviews the book, Alcoholism: A bio-psycho-social approach by Jerome David Levin (1990). This small volume sets its task as providing counseling students with a comprehensive knowledge base "summarizing biochemical, pharmacological, physiological, anthropological, sociological, epidemiological, historical, and psychological findings on alcohol and its use and abuse" (Preface, p. xi). It treats each of these, in varying degrees of depth, in seven chapters. Perhaps the greatest strength of the book is its thorough presentation of the medical consequences of alcoholism, the mechanisms involved, and the interplay between biological and psychological factors. Unfortunately, this volume does not provide sufficient coverage of treatment-related issues. It may serve as an introductory overview of the alcoholism field for undergraduate or graduate students, or professionals from other fields. It is too advanced, however, in its use of concepts and language, for paraprofessional students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金和金属锰中8种微量元素

锰铁合金、锰硅合金、金属锰中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝的含量决定了产品质量,以往常采用化学法或原子吸收光谱法进行测定,但存在准确度较差或测定速度不能满足要求等问题。为了实现上述元素的准确、快速测定,建立了采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金和金属锰中微量铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝的方法。实验以硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸分解样品,并使硅与氢氟酸反应生成四氟化硅挥发除去,试液中剩余共存元素主要有铁、锰等。实验结果表明,铁不干扰测定,通过在标准溶液系列中进行锰基体匹配消除锰基体效应的影响。以2mL高氯酸和6mL盐酸混合酸(8%)作为分析介质,可以达到最佳分析效果。在各元素校准曲线线性范围内,线性相关系数在0.9992~0.9999之间;方法中各元素的检出限在0.0001~0.0040μg/mL。实验方法用于测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金、金属锰中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在2.2%~9.4%;回收率在95%~105%;选择7个实验室进行了验证试验,各实验室间结果基本一致;按照实验方法测定了4个标准样品(材字-32、YSB C 28618、YSB C 26605)中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝,结果与认定值相吻合。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定硅铁钡孕育剂中9种元素

采用硝酸和氢氟酸溶解样品,高氯酸冒烟驱尽硝酸-氢氟酸,盐酸溶解盐类,选择Ba 233.527nm、Fe 259.940nm、Ca 317.933nm、Mn 257.610nm、Cr 267.716nm、Al 394.401nm、Ni 231.604nm、Cu 327.396nm、P 178.284nm为分析线,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,从而建立了硅铁钡孕育剂中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷等9种元素的测定方法。各元素校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.9995;方法中各元素检出限为0.00006%~0.00069%。按照实验方法测定标准样品GSB03-1607-2003中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.63%~3.4%。实验方法用于测定标准样品GSB03-1607-2003和YSB14607-2001中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,测定值与认定值基本相符。     

Contrasting Clogging in Granular Media Filters, Soils, and Dead-End Membranes

Clogging in porous media is a problem in environmental engineering, hydrogeology, soil science, and petrology. However, a comparison of the literature reveals qualitatively different clogging behavior in different porous media: in granular media filters, increasing clogging is associated with slower flow, more flocculated conditions, and smaller fractal dimensions. In soils and dead-end membranes, increasing clogging is associated with faster flow, more dispersed conditions, and larger fractal dimensions. This paper documents these differences, discusses them in light of two key intermediate variables, colloid accumulation and deposit morphology, then presents a new conceptual model that explains the reported clogging phenomena as a function of specific deposit, fractal dimension, and a new variable, deposit location. Testing this model is possible using recently introduced experimental techniques.     

分光光度-遗传算法同时测定锌、镉、钴、镍、锰

在pH9.3,乳化剂OP存在下,Zn2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Ni2+,Mn2+与5-Br-PADAP发生灵敏的显色反应,所形成的三元胶束络合物的吸收光谱严重重叠,单独测定相互干扰严重。本文将分光光度法与遗传算法相结合,对同一混合体系的总吸光度值进行解析,实现了5种组分的同时测定。模拟样品测定的相对误差一般小于±10%。     

Pollutant Removal and Peak Flow Mitigation by a Bioretention Cell in Urban Charlotte, N.C.

Bioretention is a stormwater treatment practice that has gained popularity due to its aesthetics, potential to reduce flooding, and early documented improvements to stormwater quality. A bioretention cell in an urban setting was examined in Charlotte, N.C. from 2004 to 2006. Flow-weighted, composite water quality samples were collected for 23 events and analyzed for TKN, NH4-N, NO2-3-N, TP, TSS, BOD-5, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb. Grab samples were collected from 19 storms for fecal coliform and 14 events for Escherichia coli (E. coli). There were significant reductions (p<0.05) in the concentrations of TN, TKN, NH4-N, BOD-5, fecal coliform, E. Coli, TSS, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Iron concentrations significantly increased (p<0.05). NO2-3-N concentrations were essentially unchanged. Efficiency ratios for TN, TKN, NH4-N, TP, and TSS were 0.32, 0.44, 0.73, 0.31, and 0.60, respectively. Fecal coliform and E. coli efficiency ratios were 0.69 and 0.71, respectively. Efficiency ratios for Zn, Cu, and Pb were 0.77, 0.54, and 0.31, respectively. Concentrations of Fe increased by 330%. The peak outflow of the bioretention cell for 16 storms with less than 42?mm of rainfall was at least 96.5% less than the peak inflow, with a mean peak flow reduction being 99%. These results indicated that in an urban environment, bioretention systems can reduce concentrations of most target pollutants, including pathogenic bacteria indicator species. Additionally, bioretention can effectively reduce peak runoff from small to midsize storm events.