脉冲辐解法研究双核铜(Ⅱ)穴合物催化歧化O2-

合成并表征了一个全新的双核铜(Ⅱ)穴合物,并首次利用脉冲辐解法来研究双核铜(Ⅱ)穴合物(SOD模型物)与O2 反应动力学,结果表明该铜(Ⅱ)穴合物的催化速率常数可达1.89×107,铜(Ⅱ)穴合物催化歧化O2-为一级反应.     

双核Ag(I)、Cu(I)穴合物的合成

以硝酸银为模板剂,用三(3-氨基丙基)胺(trpn)与2,5-二甲氧基苯基-1,3-二醛通过[2 3]缩合得到一个三维双核银(I)穴合物,以此为前体与高氯酸四乙腈合铜(I)进行置换反应,进而获得了其双核铜(I)穴合物.     

由邻羧基苯甲酰二茂铁构筑的铅(Ⅱ)双核配合物的合成和晶体结构

使Pb(OAc)2·3H2O与邻羧基苯甲酰二茂铁钠盐[o-FcCOC6H4COONa,Fc=(η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)]和1,10-邻菲哆啉(phen)在甲醇和乙醇的混合溶剂中反应,合成了一个双核配合物[Pb(η2-o-FcCOC6H4COO)(μ2-η2-o-FcCOC6H4COO)(phen)]2·CH3OH.采用元素分析、红外以及单晶衍射进行了结构表征.结构测试表明,在此配合物中,Pb(Ⅱ)通过二茂铁羧酸配体的三齿桥连形成了一个双核结构.     

单核和双核酒石酸铜配合物的水热合成及晶体结构

利用水热技术合成了单核和双核酒石酸铜的配合物[Cu(C6H6N4)(C4H4O6)(H2O)]·H2O和[Cu2(C4H4O6)2-(H2O)2]·4H2O,通过X-射线单晶衍射、热重分析、IR和元素分析进行了表征.结果表明,在第一个配合物中R,R-酒石酸和联咪唑均以双齿配位与铜形成单核配合物,分子间通过氢键构筑了无限的三维网状结构.而在第二个配合物中2个S,S-酒石酸分子同时与2个铜离子配位形成环合结构,结构单元间通过"手拉手"相联形成二维的无限层状结构,层间通过氢键相联构成三维无限的网状结构.单核配合物的热稳定性高于双核配合物.     

基于双苯并咪唑仲醇串联合成Co4簇合物及固液结构相关性研究

3d过渡金属簇合物因其迷人的结构和潜在的应用，受到越来越多化学家的关注。基于此，我们采用1,2-双(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-2-基)乙-1-醇(HL)作为研究的配体，合成出两例结构新颖的簇合物。分别为簇合物1[Co₄(L)₄Cl₂](Cl₂)和簇合物2 ([Co₄(L)₄Cl₂])(Cl₂)。发现簇合物1是第一例氯桥连的Co₄O₄缺位立方烷。采用X-射线单晶衍射确定了簇合物1和2的结构，通过高分辨质谱(ESI-MS)获得了簇合物1和2在反应溶剂中的质谱片段，提出了可能的碎裂规律，为揭示可能的组装机理提供了重要信息。同时对簇合物1和2的OER电化学性质做了初步研究，发现簇合物1的过电势达到了322 mV，具有较好的OER电催化性能。     

2,2'''',2"-三氨基乙基胺-咪唑的对称异双核配合物的合成及电化学性质

合成了2,2',2″-三氨基乙基胺(tren)Schiff碱和咪唑为配体的2个铜(Ⅱ)单核配合物[(tren)Cu](ClO4)2、[(tren)Cu imH](ClO4)2,以及一个对称性的咪唑桥联铜锌异双核配合物[(tren)Cu im Zn(tren)](ClO4)3,用元素分析、摩尔电导、反射光谱及磁化率测定对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征.采用循环伏安法分别研究了配合物在乙腈和水溶液中的电化学性质,研究表明Zn(Ⅱ)能通过咪唑桥改变Cu(Ⅱ)接受电子的能力.在水溶液中咪唑桥异双核配合物较稳定,未发生断裂.     

多功能无机小分子配体──SO2

简要介绍并讨论了SO_2 配合物的合成■合结构及其有关的反应情况。     

合成簇合物的新方法——劈开组合法

介绍了一种独特而有效的合成新结构和新成键的金属簇合物的“劈开组合法”:利用含有多种可配原子 (C、N或 P、S)的前配体与二元金属簇合物的反应 ,前配体在不同位点的劈开 ,提供了多样化的分子片充当各种配体 ,与金属羰合物组建生成各种新结构的金属羧合物衍生物     

多氦异双核Cu(Ⅱ)-Zn(Ⅱ)非对称咪唑桥联配合物的合成及电化学性质

合成了二亚乙基三胺(dien)和咪唑为配体的两个铜(Ⅱ)单核配合物[(dien)Cu](ClO4)2、[(dien)Cu imH](ClO4)2和一个非对称性的咪唑桥联铜锌异双核配合物[(dien)Cu im Zn(tren)](ClO4)3,用元素分析、摩尔电导、反射光谱及磁化率测定对配合物的组成和结构进行了表征.采用循环伏安法分别研究了配合物在乙腈和水溶液中的电化学性质,研究表明,Zn(Ⅱ)能通过咪唑桥改变Cu(Ⅱ)接受电子的能力,增强催化歧化超氧离子的活性.在水溶液中咪唑桥异双核配合物不很稳定,部分从Zn(Ⅱ)端断裂.     

双核镍配合物[Ni_2(baba)_2(N_3)_2(CH_3OH)_2]的合成、晶体结构和热重分析

以邻氨基苯磺酸缩吡啶-2-甲醛席夫碱(Kbaba)和NaN3为配体,在水-甲醇混合溶剂中与Ni(AcO)2·4H2O反应,得到了一种双核配合物[Ni2(baba)2(N3)2(CH3OH)2](1)。单晶衍射结果表明:配合物(1)属于单斜晶系,C2/c空间群。配合物(1)是中心对称的,它是由一对μ1,1方式桥联的N-3键合两个镍离子而形成的双核配合物。每个镍离子六配位于一个baba-配体的吡啶氮原子、亚氨基氮原子、磺酸基氧原子、一个配位水分子的氧原子以及两个桥连N-3的氮原子形成畸变的八面体构型。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。