激光血管成形术后生长因子的基因表达

应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹技术观察激光血管成形术前后转移生长因子、表皮生长因子受体基因表达的情况，发现激光血管成形术后１周和２周转移生长因子、表皮生长因子受体ｍＲＮＡ表达明显升高。     

激光血管成形术对血管壁血小板源生长因子基因表达的影响

应用核酸探针杂交技术检测激光血管成形术后局部血管组织血小板源生长因于（PDGF）基因表达情况，结果表明激光血管成形术能诱导血管壁PDGF基因表达，提示PDGF可能参与了激光血管成形术后成形段血管的增生反应和再狭窄形成。     

开博通对激光血管成形术后平滑肌细胞增殖周期的影响

采用球囊拉伤动脉内膜加高脂饲养建立兔髂动脉粥样硬化模型．对模型兔进行Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光血管成形术。应用流式细胞计数仪分析细胞中ＤＮＡ含量。结果表明，治疗组血管平滑肌细胞周期中增殖细胞数明显低于对照组，提示开博通能抑制激光血管成形术后血管平滑肌细胞的增殖。     

激光血管成形术对内皮素基因表达的影响

内皮素是迄今已知的最强缩血管活性肽，并具很强的促有丝分裂作用。本实验对模型兔粥样硬化髂动脉行Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光血管成形术，术后一个月，发现成形术后血管内皮素基因表达明显高于动脉粥样硬化血管和正常血管，提示内皮素在激光血管成形术后再狭窄中起一定的作用。     

激光血管成形术血管壁损伤研究

本文从光学及热学角度，对激光血管成形手术管壁损伤与激光参数间关系进行了研究，并通过动物实验对紫外激光血管成形术血管壁损伤进行了探讨。     

铜蒸气激光照射对血管平滑肌细胞凋亡的诱导作用及对其增殖的影响

目的：研究510.6nm铜蒸气激光照射对体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）凋亡的诱导作用，以及对增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达的影响，探讨铜蒸气激光照射在经皮冠状动脉成形术（PTCA）后再狭窄（RS）的防治作用。方法：贴块法培养兔VSMC，510.6nm铜蒸气激光照射后透射电镜观察凋亡细胞形态学改变，TUNEL法计数凋亡细胞，免疫组化染色法计数照光对PCNA阳性表达率的影响。结果：激光照射后，VSMC凋亡率较未照光组增加12.8倍，而PCNA表达阳性率降低27．9％倍；电镜下观察细胞呈典型的凋亡形态学改变。结论：铜蒸气激光照射可以诱导VSMC凋亡，而且抑制其增殖，在RS的防治中具有一定的作用。     

激光血管成形术

激光可经其热效应、机械声学效应和光化学作用使血栓及动脉粥样硬化斑块气化消失而治疗血管闭塞性疾病。1978年有人提出了激光血管成形术的设想,很快在动物模型或人尸中证明了该技术的可行性。以后进行临床试验也获得成功。到目前为止至少有13组用氩离子、CO_2或YAG激光血管成形     

激光冠状动脉血管成形术的临床应用

激光血管成形术是利用石英光导纤维传输激光能汽化血管阻塞性病变并使之再通,是本世纪八十年代心血管治疗领域中的一项新疗法,也是继旁路移植术、PTCA、溶栓术之后的又一重大进展。自1981年Lee等首次应用激光汽化人尸体血管动脉硬化斑块以来,激光血管成形术的研究工作进展很快。目前国内外都进行了大量的实验研究与临床应用。我们从1987年6月开始进行了用激光进行血管成形术的尸体标本及动物实验研究,并着重进行了临床的     

准分子激光血管成形术三年临床经验

准分子激光血管成形术三年临床经验自１９８６年起人们就开始了多学科的研究，并应用于激光血管成形术，现已取得重要进展，报告如下：首先在准分子激光器间选择适合的型号，以免由于它对组织的低消融率而导致残余组织遗留。其次研制成一套完整的血管成形术用激光装置及其...     

狗股动脉准分子激光加球囊血管成形术即期效果观察

对２０条血栓闭塞性狗股动脉行准分子激光血管成形术（ＥＬＡ），血管再通率为８５％（１７／２０），并发症为血管穿孔，发生率为１５％（３／２０），所有再通血管均加用球囊血管扩张成形术（ＢＡ），血管直径及残余狭窄程度均进一步改善（ＢＡ：２．０４±０．１６ｍｍＶｓＥＬＡ：１．２０±０．１４ｍｍ，Ｐ＜０．０５，ＢＡ：２０±７％ＶｓＥＬＡ：５４±５％，Ｐ＜０．０１），表明准分子激光加球囊扩张血管成形术是治疗外周闭塞性血管疾病的安全有效方法之一。     

Pharmacological analysis of the contractile role of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in smooth muscle

Muscarinic receptors expressed on smooth muscle cells are primarily of the M(2) and M(3) subtypes. The M(3) subtype triggers contraction through an interaction with G(q) proteins to stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis and mobilize Ca(2+). In contrast, activation of M(2) receptors modulates contraction by preventing relaxation or by potentiating M(3) receptor-mediated contractions, which enhances heterologous desensitization. These effects can be explained by the coupling of M(2) receptors to G(i) proteins that mediate an inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and calcium-activated potassium channels. The pharmacological antagonism of a response mediated through an interaction between M(2) and M(3) receptors has been shown to resemble the profile of the directly acting receptor (M(3)), primarily, and not that of the conditional receptor (M(2)). Evidence for a contractile role of the M(2) receptor has been obtained by inactivating its signaling pathway with pertussis toxin or by measuring contractile effects of muscarinic agonists after M(3) receptors have been covalently inactivated. Under these conditions, M(2) receptors have been shown to mediate an inhibition of the relaxant effects of agents, like isoproterenol, on the contractile effects of nonmuscarinic spasmogens. Muscarinic M(2) and M(3) receptor knockout mice are useful tools for exploring interactions between these receptors in smooth muscle.     

CO2激光犬膀胱粘膜剥脱术的实验研究

目的:探讨CO2激光犬膀胱粘膜剥脱术的可行性与安全性。方法:开放手术条件下,采用经多晶锗空芯金属红外波导传输的CO2激光施行犬膀胱粘膜剥脱术,通过普通光镜观察、胶原纤维染色及静脉肾盂造影、膀胱压力—容量测定、血清肌酐检测等形态与功能评定的方法了解CO2激光对犬膀胱粘膜的剥脱效果、术后膀胱粘膜的再生、修复过程,以及泌尿系统机能的整体变化。结果:CO2激光可以在10~15min内实现对犬膀胱粘膜的完全剥脱,剥脱深度仅限于粘膜及粘膜下层,未见激光对膀胱肌层有明显的损害。主要并发症为程度不等的终末肉眼血尿,未见有严重膀胱出血、穿孔及尿漏的发生。术后4周时可见膀胱粘膜上皮完全再生,术后12周时膀胱及上尿路的形态与功能方面的各项指标与术前无明显差异,膀胱肌层未见有严重的纤维化改变。结论:CO2激光可以对犬膀胱粘膜进行有效地剥脱,CO2激光犬膀胱粘膜剥脱术具有一定可行性与安全性。     

高肺血流量对大鼠肺腺泡内动脉超微结构的影响

为探讨高肺血流量对大鼠肺腺泡内动脉超微结构的早期影响，对大鼠行腹主动脉－下腔静脉分流术，术后6周以右心导管法测定肺动脉平均压，透射电镜观察肺腺泡内动脉超微结构变化。结果显示，分流组大鼠肺动脉平均压明显增高，超微结构观察，肺腺泡内动脉内皮细胞增生、变性；内弹力层粗细不均；平滑肌细胞增生及血管周细胞增生，电镜观察结果提示，肺血管结构重建是左向右分流所致肺动脉高压的重要病理基础。     

Biomimetic Vascular Grafts with Circumferentially and Axially Oriented Microporous Structures for Native Blood Vessel Regeneration

Porous grafts facilitate constructive remodeling of blood vessels. Incorporating multiple biomimetic cues to porous grafts can promote vascular regeneration. However, the fabrication of such medical devices remains challenging. Here, beta-sheet rich silk nanofibers (BSN) are added to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution and aggregated under a cylindric electric field to form circumferentially and axially oriented tubular structures, to simulate the endothelial and media layers of blood vessels. PVA in the aligned tubes is then crystallized through repeat freezing–thawing process to offer mechanical performances. Through tuning the ratio of BSN and PVA, the composite tubes with dual anisotropic microstructures exhibit better mechanical properties than pure PVA vascular grafts. Significantly improved cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and alignment are achieved. Both endothelial and smooth muscle cells show improved biological activity on the grafts due to the regulatory roles of the aligned structures. In vivo studies reveal the formation of endothelial layers within four weeks of implantation, ensuring long-term patency. The endothelial and smooth muscle double layers are regenerated after eight months postimplantation, forming hierarchical microstructures and compositions similar to native vessels. The porous composite grafts with multiple aligned structures guide vascular remodeling to regenerate blood vessels, demonstrating potential for clinical translation.     

Lack of sumatriptan-induced aortic contraction or relaxation: 5-HT1B receptor protein detected in endothelium and smooth muscle of vasa vasorum but not aorta

Since 5-HT1B receptor mRNA was reported in rat aorta, and 5-HT1B receptor activation has been linked to vascular contraction, we explored sumatriptan-induced contractility and immunohistochemical density of 5-HT1B receptor protein in rat aorta. Sumatriptan (up to 10(-4) M), a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, did not contract the endothelial intact or denuded rat aorta, even in the presence of L-NAME or after induction of modest tone with PGF2 alpha (10(-6) M). Sumatriptan also did not relax aortic preparations precontract with PGF2 alpha (3 x 10(-6) M) or phenylephrine (3 x 10(-7) M). Using a polyclonal antibody directed against the 5-HT1B receptor, minimal 5-HT1B receptor protein was detected in either the endothelium or smooth muscle of the rat aorta. However, dense 5-HT1B receptor protein was found in the vascular smooth muscle of the vasa vasorum supplying the aorta. Thus, the 5-HT1B receptor mRNA detected in tissue extracts of the rat aorta most likely reflects 5-HT1B receptor expression in the arterioles of the vasa vasorum. These studies support the link between the 5-HT1B receptor and vascular contraction in that the aorta with low density of 5-HT1B receptors lacked responses to sumatriptan, an agonist thought to contract blood vessels via 5-HT1B/1D receptors. Furthermore, caution must be observed when using 5-HT1B receptor mRNA to suggest receptor protein in tissues since this RT-PCR product may be derived predominantly from small blood vessels.     

HPD加激光对细胞周期中不同时期Hela细胞的杀伤作用的比较

血卟啉衍生物(HPD)因其独特的自发荧先和光毒作用以及能选择性地潴留于癌细胞中,而被作为光敏药物应用于癌症的临床诊断和治疗,至今已发展成肿瘤光动力学治疗这一新领域。大量临床治疗的结果表明,HPD-光动力学疗法具有定位准确、对肿瘤杀伤力强、同时对周围组织损伤小的优点。 人们已知辐射、高热和某些化疗药物等的作用皆受细胞周期的影响。Christensen等研究了体外培养的NHIK 3025细胞在细胞周期不同时期对血卟啉光敏作用的敏感性差异,发现各时期细胞对光敏作用的敏感性差异很大,王代树等也对MG3-803胃癌细胞进行了类     

激光应用于心血管的机理研究

本文试图针对激光在心血管领域的应用，利用激光与组织的相互作用，对激光心肌血管重建术、激光血管吻合术、激光血管成形术的机理进行了系统研究。