和田玉的地域文化『苏帮玉雕』传承人瞿利军的玉雕风格㈤

我们的祖先使用玉器,其功能大致为以下几个方面：1、礼仪和宗教、巫术活动用玉。如璧、琮、圭、璋、璜、剑、玺、带、佩等。这类玉器是古代玉器的重要组成部分。玉礼器是中国“礼乐文明”的重要载体之一;2、丧葬用玉。如冶、握、塞、玉衣等;3、装饰佩戴用玉。如坠、块、珠、管、环、镯,以及有使用价值的扳指、梳、带钩、剑首、剑格、如意等。     

黄酒的风味

喝黄酒需讲究色、香、味。只有兼顾到三方面,才能在饮用中领略出它的独特风格。色:一般为黄色,多为橙黄、褐黄、褐红、诸色等。尽管颜色多种多样,但都要透明、鲜亮、有光泽。香:黄酒讲的是醇香,即具有该品种特有的香气。要求融溶、协调、自然、舒适、有韵味。味:黄酒的味有甜、酸、涩、苦、辣、鲜、成七味。但作为一个成品酒,均要达到醇正、协调、丰满、柔和、幽雅、爽口。一般讲究糖洒酸协调适口。但有的讲究     

初秋除燥健康有保

秋风萧瑟天气凉。草木摇落露为霜。时令进入初秋。天气会变得更加凉爽。有些人却觉得浑身皮肤发紧,口干舌燥、皮肤干涩、咽干口渴、声音嘶哑、便秘以及小便少等现象．尤其是老年人和儿童有这些现象的比较多。这是由于秋季气候干燥引起的“秋燥”症。宜多食秋季时令的果蔬。如：甘蔗、秋梨、苹果、石榴、藕、百合、红菱、银耳等。鸭子、鲫鱼、鸽子、甲鱼等都是秋时除燥的上佳食物。     

这些食物让疾病更嚣张

感冒香蕉、橘子、芦笋汁、羊肉、姜母鸭。咳嗽冰淇淋、橘子、炸（烤）食品、花生、酒、甜食、辣食。急性胃炎油炸食物、辣椒、糯米。慢性胃炎生冷食物、酸酵食物、甜食。     

最佳蔬果肉食榜

最佳水果:依次是木瓜、草莓、橘子、柑子、猕猴桃、芒果、杏、柿子与西瓜。最佳蔬菜:红薯既含丰富维生素,又是抗癌能手,为所有蔬菜之首。其次是芦笋、卷心菜、花椰菜、芹菜、茄子、甜菜、胡萝卜、荠菜、苤兰菜、金针菇、雪里蕻、大白菜。     

夏季适宜食物及饮食禁忌

<正>适宜食物1、主食及豆类的选择:绿豆、赤豆、小米等各种主食均可,适当食用粗粮和豆制品。2、肉蛋奶的选择:猪瘦肉、牛肉、鱼肉、鸡肉、鸭肉、动物肝脏等,奶及奶制品,咸鸭蛋、咸鸡蛋、松花蛋、蛋黄等蛋类。3、蔬菜的选择:苦瓜、丝瓜、南瓜、空心菜、马兰头、番茄、蒜苗、茄子、鲜藕、绿豆芽、黄瓜、冬瓜、菜瓜、香菇、紫菜、海带等。4、水果的选择:柑橘、葡萄、草莓、西瓜、梨、甜瓜、桃、杨梅、乌梅、李、红枣等。饮食禁忌1、夏天一定要少吃太热的食物,如羊肉、狗肉等。     

药枸杞的神奇功效

枸杞,又名"却老子"。自古就是滋补养人的上品,也是中医里常用药材之一。枸杞性甘、平,归肝肾经,具有补肝肾、益精气、长肌肉、改善面色、明目安神、祛风治虚、延年益寿、坚筋骨之功效。通常用其煮粥、熬膏、泡酒或同其他药物、食物搭配食用,如常与核桃、芝麻、蜂蜜、熟地、菊花、山药、山萸肉搭配等。     

博大精深中华菜 锅中至尊四川汤

文章开始之前，我们先对四川火锅做一个最基础的了解，或许有很多人吃了那么多年的四川火锅。还不知道究童是怎么一回事。火锅古已有之。近代其制作工艺逐渐发展。四川火锅以它的辣而不燥、麻而不烈、风味厚重、久食不腻红遍全国各地。四川火锅用牛骨汤、固体牛油、豆瓣、辣椒、花椒等多种原料、调料配制汤汁。煮汤后，即可将洗净的毛肚、鱼片、鳝鱼片、鸭血等放入锅烫食。烫熟的菜．放入香油碟于．边蘸边吃。吃起来有麻、辣、烫、鲜、嫩、脆等特点。早期的火锅以烫毛肚为主，后来发展为烫食各种荤、素菜。最初多在寒冬腊月吃，现在人们一年四季都爱吃。而且火锅品种繁多，有红锅、白锅、鸳鸯锅。有排骨火锅、肥肠火锅、酸菜鱼火锅．有火锅鸡、火锅鸭、火锅免等．四川人多爱吃火锅，并以此自待客佳肴。     

发酵醋的生产技术

一、制醋用具。发酵缸、淋缸、熬醋锅、贮醋罐、温度计等。 二、制醋原料。玉米、高梁、小米、大米、糟类等含淀粉类杂粮、醋用发酵剂、食盐、糖色、谷糠、花椒、小茴香等。     

大厨教做家常菜(三)

私家御鼎香主料:鱼翅、鱼唇、干鲍、海参、干贝、鸽蛋、蹄筋、鱼肚,虾仁。辅料:浓汤、调料、水淀粉等。做法:将所有原料发制、调好味、放人蒸箱至软熟,净锅放上等浓汤上火,水淀粉勾芡,淋入蒸好的原料中即可。大厨小砧士:这道菜品由高蛋白、高营养的9种原料蒸制而成,鲜香味醇,彼此融合。具有明目养颜、舒筋活血、滋阴健体的养生功效。成菜色彩金亮、汁浓味厚,口感绵而不腻,食后唇齿留香。整道菜肴的食材搭配结构合理,补而不燥。     

明火炉铅淬火连续热处理工艺性能探讨

根据奥氏体化组织转变原理 ,比较明火炉和马弗炉及不锈钢管式半明火炉的工艺特点 ,分析和探讨明火炉的优势和工艺特性。不同的炉子应采用不同的热处理工艺 ,明火炉DV值较高 ,温度高、车速快 ,可以提高热效率。明火炉加热技术是今后的发展方向。     

强对流气体保护退火炉热平衡计算

说明钢丝加热、炉体表面散热和电功率计算公式。以具体实例计算出装炉量为8~15 t,最高使用温度为900℃的退火炉在考虑装料炉架、炉盖、内胆、保护气体和冷却水消耗情况下的加热功率为280 kW,并以此为基础,推算出不同退火温度和不同装炉量时的加热时间,为制定退火工艺提供依据。     

琴钢丝热处理马弗炉改造

介绍将琴钢丝热处理马弗炉由煤气加热改造为电加热的情况,从炉型、马弗砖材质及电气控制等方面对比新旧炉型,新炉型在线温的均匀性、力学性能、保温节能、成材率等方面均有明显提高,从而保证了琴钢丝的产品质量。     

电镀锌低碳钢丝的退火设备

对比分析了４种铁丝退火炉型，指出井式电阻炉和不锈钢管型连续式电阻炉较适合铁丝的退火．具体选用何种炉型须根据车间位置、燃料情况确定．     

浅析汽化旋风燃硫炉进风量对清混汁纯度差的影响

燃硫炉内硫磺的燃烧情况与进风量密切相关,而燃硫炉产生二氧化硫的品质直接影响澄清汁的质量,本文旨在通过生产实际运用探讨控制汽化旋风燃硫炉进风量对清混汁纯度差的影响,为生产中使用燃硫炉调节进风量提供参考。     

井式炉的结构和维护方法

介绍球化退火井式炉的基本结构,对自预热燃烧器的结构和工作原理进行详述。提出设备重要部件如内筒及对流筒、炉底搅拌风扇、温控和电控系统维护过程中需要注意的问题。在井式炉使用过程中除了检查循环冷却水、炉底搅拌风扇、气氛压力、炉体密封、热电偶等是否正常外,应及时对甲醇裂解炉和甲醇裂解气管道进行除炭。在使用和维护时,应及时检查炉体的密封状况和设备机械传动件的润滑情况,控制进炉物料数量,保证井式炉工艺稳定。     

马弗式燃油钢丝加热炉的改造

介绍马弗式燃油钢丝加热炉的改造。通过对现有炉体关键部位的改造 ,降低了炉头的温度 ,出炉钢丝的横向温差由 80℃降为 2 5℃ ,炉膛压力分布更加合理。有效地保护了炉头处的砌体 ,可延长使用寿命 ,提高了产品质量 ,钢丝合格率提高 5 %。改造所用的投资少 ,适合同类热处理炉的改造     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and particulate emissions from two-stage combustion of polystyrene: the effect of the primary furnace temperature

A study is presented on laboratory-scale combustion of polystyrene (PS) to identify staged-combustion conditions that minimize emissions. Batch combustion of shredded PS was conducted in fixed beds placed in a bench-scale electrically heated horizontal muffle furnace. In most cases, combustion of the samples occurred by forming gaseous diffusion flames in atmospheric pressure air. The combustion effluent was mixed with additional air, and it was channeled to a second muffle furnace (afterburner) placed in series. Further reactions took place in the secondary furnace at a residence time of 0.7 s. The gas temperature of the primary furnace was varied in the range of 500-1,000 degrees C, while that of the secondary furnace was kept fixed at 1,000 degrees C. Sampling for CO, CO2, O2, soot, and unburned hydrocarbon emissions (volatile and semivolatile, by GC-MS) was performed at the exits of the two furnaces. Results showed that the temperature of the primary furnace, where PS gasifies, is of paramount importance to the formation and subsequent emissions of organic species and soot. Atthe lowesttemperatures explored, mostly styrene oligomers were identified at the outlet of the primary furnace, but they did not survive the treatment in the secondary furnace. The formation and emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and soot were suppressed. As the temperature in the first furnace was raised, increasing amounts of a wide range of both unsubstituted and substituted PAH containing up to at least seven condensed aromatic rings were detected. A similar trend was observed for total particulate yields. The secondary furnace treatment reduced the yields of total PAH, but it had an ambiguous effect on individual species. While most low molecular mass PAH were reduced in the secondary furnace, concentrations of some larger PAH increased under certain conditions. Thus, care in the selection of operating conditions of both the primary furnace (gasifier/ burner) and the secondary furnace (afterburner) must be exercised to minimize the emission of hazardous pollutants. The emissions of soot were also reduced in the afterburner but not drastically. This indicates that soot is indeed resistant to oxidation; thus, it would be best to avoid its formation in the first place. An oxidative pyrolysis temperature of PS in the vicinity of 600 degrees C appears to accomplish exactly that. An additional afterburner treatment at a sufficiently high temperature (1,000 degrees C) may be a suitable setting for minimization of most pollutants. To obtain deeper understanding of chemical processes, the experimental results were qualitatively compared with preliminary predictions of a detailed kinetic model that describes formation and destruction pathways of chemical species including most PAH observed in the present work. The modeling was performed forthe secondary furnace assuming plug-flow conditions therein. The experimentally determined chemical composition at the outlet of the primary furnace was part of the input parameters of the model calculation.     

分光光度法和原子吸收光谱法测定纸浆中铜含量的比较

用分光光度法(比色法)和石墨炉型原子吸收光谱法分别测定纸浆中铜(Cu)含量。并对两种仪器分析方法所得结果作比较。结果表明,随Cu变量,分光光度法和石墨炉型原子吸收光谱法均有较好的线性关系。分光光度法的仪器价格便宜、操作简便,但样品处理复杂,耗时长。石墨炉型原子吸收光谱法的测定样品不需前处理、组分损耗少、可直接进样、准确度更高。但石墨炉型原子吸收光谱仪的使用及维护成本高。     

X-R图在炉温控制中的应用

介绍X -R控制图的基本控制原理 ,并运用该原理对煤气加热炉的温度进行控制。详细说明炉温数据的收集原则和分组情况。通过实例计算出控制界限和中心线 ,画出X -R控制图 ,给出炉温受控状态的标准和炉温异常的处理方法 ,对炉温控制起到了报警作用。