中高碳量粉末锻造钢的综合性能

研究了中高碳量Fe-2Ni-0.5Mo-xC及Fe-2Cu-xC粉末锻造钢经淬火-回火热处理后的综合力学性能。由4600合金粉制造的Fe-2Ni-0.5Mo-0.6C成分和由水雾化铁粉制造的Fe-2Cu-0.5C成分的粉末锻造钢具有良好的综合力学性能。前者抗拉强度达1570MPa,硬度为HRC45.2,冲击韧性为31.4J/cm2。后者抗拉强度达1090MPa,硬度为HRC40.7,冲击韧性为38.0J/cm2。可以满足要求具有高强度、良好韧性以及较高耐磨性的结构零件的需要。     

摩托车零件用GL—90粉末冶金钢的研制与应用

测定了高强度可热处理粉末冶金钢GL-90的力学性能、显微组织与密度、回火温度的关系。密度大于6.90g/cm~3的粉末冶金钢在可控气氛下淬火、低温回火后,组织为细束板条马氏体,具有最佳的综合力学性能。其性能与日本高强度热处理粉末冶金钢H-90相仿,抗拉强度达890 MPa,耐磨性能优于45~#钢。已成功地用GL-90粉末冶金钢制成全城摩托车传动轴内、外套异形齿轮。     

回火温度对热轧耐候桥梁钢组织和性能的影响

针对热轧态耐候桥梁钢Q345qDNH进行不同温度回火试验,研究回火温度对最终力学性能和组织的影响.结果 表明:试验钢在300 ～600℃较宽温度范围内回火,均获得良好的综合力学性能,在500℃回火时各项力学性能达到最优状态;在回火过程中,热轧态部分位错消失,形变及相变过程中产生的内应力得到释放,碳氮化物析出,可有效细化...     

Cu元素对AMS6308钢抗回火性能的影响

为研究Cu元素对AMS6308钢耐温性的影响,采用SEM、TEM、EBSD、相分析和力学性能测试等手段,研究了不同回火温度下,AMS6308钢(含2％Cu)与不含Cu对比试验钢的组织与力学性能,探讨AMS6308钢中Cu元素对提高抗回火性能的作用.结果 表明,随着回火温度提高,AMS6308钢强度先升后降,450℃出现...     

屈服强度550 MPa级抗震建筑用钢回火性能研究

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和力学性能检验等试验方法,研究了系列回火温度对TMCP处理的屈服强度550 MPa级抗震建筑用钢微观组织、第二相析出及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着回火温度的提高,试验钢屈服强度和抗拉强度变化趋势一致,屈强比呈明显的上升趋势。分析认为:回火前后力学性能的变化主要与回火后更多弥散的尺寸在25 nm以下的新的细小粒子析出以及M/A岛的分解和发生位错亚结构回复软化有关,试验钢450℃回火后钢板具有最佳综合力学性能:抗拉强度为703 MPa,屈服强度为588 MPa,伸长率为17.5%,-20℃冲击吸收能量为240 J,屈强比0.84满足建筑用钢要求。     

直接淬火石油储罐用钢N610E的回火组织与力学性能

 N610E级石油储备罐用钢(12MnNiVR)常用加热调质处理工艺生产。利用OM、TEM等试验方法,研究了石油储罐用钢N610E直接淬火后,不同回火温度对组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：直接淬火钢经655℃回火,钢板具有最佳综合力学性能,其抗拉强度640MPa,屈服强度570MPa,伸长率22%,－20℃冲击功273J,不同回火温度的N610E钢韧脆?湮露染冢?0℃以下。随回火温度的升高,板条贝氏体回复作用逐渐加强,位错通过运动、合并、重组,相邻板条合并,组织粗化;回火后钢的力学性能变化趋势的非单调性,归因于回火过程贝氏体中位错亚结构的回复软化与碳的脱溶及第二相的析出强化机制综合作用。     

调质工艺对Q690D钢综合力学性能及组织的影响

 以60mm厚Q690D高强度结构钢板为研究对象,在相同轧制条件下,系统地研究了淬火、回火温度对试验钢综合力学性能及显微组织的影响,并对第二相析出进行理论分析。试验结果表明：随淬火温度升高,试验钢强度升高,韧性下降;随回火温度升高,试验钢强度下降,但韧性明显升高。该钢采用930℃淬火(保温10min)650℃回火(保温40min)的调质热处理工艺具有良好的强韧性匹配,综合力学性能最佳,满足国标GB/T 16270—2009要求。     

回火温度对Cu-Cr-Ti马氏体耐磨钢组织及强韧性的影响

摘要：矿山机械用耐磨钢构件服役环境恶劣而常常出现磨损失效,研究适用于复杂工况下的高耐磨钢成分、工艺与组织性能的关系,有利于提高耐磨构件的服役寿命并降低经济损失。利用SEM、TEM、洛氏硬度计、万能拉伸试验机及冲击试验机等,研究了160～400℃不同回火温度下Cu-Cr-Ti马氏体耐磨钢的组织形貌、强度硬度及-20℃冲击韧性的变化。结果表明,试验钢淬火态组织主要为板条马氏体,当回火温度为160℃时,马氏体板条依然清晰,但随回火温度升高到400℃,马氏体板条界渐渐消失,基体中出现大量片状或粒状渗碳体。EDS分析发现样品钢基体中含有纳米级Ti、Nb的碳氮化物。随回火温度升高,基体组织演变导致强化机制发生变化,回火温度为300℃,综合力学性能最佳,其抗拉强度为1500MPa,屈服强度1100MPa,伸长率为15.5%。随回火温度升高,-20℃冲击韧性由60J/cm2逐渐降低到36.3J/cm2。     

热处理对60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响

试验了890～930℃淬火、400～440℃回火时淬-回火温度对160mm×160mm连铸坯轧成的Φ21mm 60Si2CrVAT弹簧钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,910℃淬火.回火后的60Si2CrVAT钢抗拉强度高于890℃和930℃淬火-回火钢的抗拉强度,不同淬火温度下钢的抗拉强度随回火温度升高而降低。分析了拉伸断口的组织形貌。     

回火温度对淬火后30MnB5热成形钢组织与性能影响

将30MnB5热成形钢进行淬火和回火处理,利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、能谱仪和拉伸性能检测等方法研究了不同回火温度后的显微组织和力学性能变化.经200℃保温2 min回火后热成形钢的综合力学性能最佳,抗拉强度为1774 MPa,总伸长率为8%,强塑积达14 GPa·%以上,该性能满足热成形后作为汽车结构件的使用要求;并且随着回火温度的升高,力学性能呈非单调性变化.200℃低温回火后,主要为板条马氏体和ε碳化物,位错密度略有降低,析出的ε碳化物粒子呈针状分布在马氏体板条内,长度方向大小为100 nm左右,并与位错发生钉扎作用.随着回火温度的升高,板条马氏体发生回复和再结晶,板条边界逐渐模糊,并向等轴状铁素体转变,位错密度显著降低,ε碳化物逐渐向低能态的近球形渗碳体转变并粗化至200 nm左右,对位错的钉扎作用也随之减弱.     

正火预热处理对42CrMo曲轴钢调质后的组织与性能影响

利用金相显微观察及力学性能分析,研究调质处理、正火+调质热处理对42CrMo曲轴钢组织与性能的影响。结果表明,经过860℃淬火+580℃回火处理后,曲轴钢基体组织为回火索氏体,但轴颈心部区域白色铁素体数量较多且晶粒粗大、分布不均。其力学性能为抗拉强度997～1 211 MPa,屈服强度990～1 204 MPa,伸长率11%～13%,断面收缩率40%～48%,冲击功72～90 J。而在调质热处理前增加一次(880℃空冷)正火预处理后,42CrMo曲轴钢的显微组织更趋均匀化,其力学性能为抗拉强度1 100～1 220 MPa,屈服强度1 107～1 188 MPa,伸长率13%～15%,断面收缩率50%～56%,冲击功83-91 J。因此,880℃空冷正火预处理+860℃淬火与580℃高温回火是42CrMo曲轴钢优化的热处理工艺。     

Influence of microalloying on the mechanical properties of medium carbon forging steels after a newly designed post forging treatment

For more than twenty years the classical quench and tempering of medium carbon Cr-alloyed steels has been substituted in the production of drop-forged parts for the automotive industry by a direct continuous cooling of less expensive V-microalloyed steels with lower carbon content. However, this simplified treatment has serious limitations concerning the yield strength and ductility if compared with the properties after quench and tempering. On a group of such V-bearing steels additionally microalloyed with Ti and Nb and with different N contents, an alternative two-step-cooling (TSC) strategy after forging, combined with an additional annealing (AN), has been applied. This new post forging treatment results in a significant improvement of the final mechanical properties. The paper is focused on the particular contributions of a different microalloying in the optimized deformation schedules to improve mechanical properties after TSC + AN. The aim of this additional microalloying is to achieve a more homogeneous distribution of ferrite in the final multi-phase microstructure due to a proper austenite conditioning as well as to make a full use of the strengthening potential of vanadium in these forging steel grades.     

Selected Problems of Die‐Forging of PM Steel Products

The paper discusses the selected technological and material problems of closed‐die forging of PM steel preforms. The first part presents technological variants of hot forging routs of PM materials. In the second part the influence of hot forging parameters on the density, mechanical properties and structure are discussed. The influence of the size of powder particles, powder manufacturing method, chemical composition and heat treatment conditions on mechanical properties after forging is shown. The research on thermomechanical forging of PM preforms has resulted in potential possibilities of shortening of the manufacturing route to obtain products with high density and good mechanical properties from one heating before forming.     

粉末锻造Fe–Ni–Cu–C–Mo齿轮材料热处理及性能研究

对Fe–Ni–Cu–C–Mo粉末锻造材料的锻后热处理工艺进行了研究,通过动态连续冷却转变试验绘制出该材料的连续冷却转变（continuous cooling transformation,CCT）曲线,指导材料锻后冷却工艺的选取。对Fe–Ni–Cu–C–Mo淬火试样进行不同温度的低温回火试验,探究不同回火温度对该材料微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,当锻后冷却速率大于7.0 ℃·s?1时,Fe–Ni–Cu–C–Mo粉锻材料组织全为马氏体,硬度趋于稳定;在150 ℃和175 ℃回火,碳化物均匀地分布在马氏体板条内部,起到析出强化的作用,材料表现出优异的抗拉性能。     

86CrMoV7钢锻热淬回火的组织与性能

采用ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ等研究了８６ＣｒＭｏＶ７钢锻热淬火后回火过程的组织与性能。结果表明,锻热淬火能提高马氏体的回火稳定性,使粒状珠光体中碳化物尺寸减小,分布更加均匀,显著提高综合性能。     

预硬化模具钢SKT4-4M锻制扁钢的试制研究

通过SKT4-4M锻钢产品在生产试制过程中对钢水纯净度、锻造温度、锻后调质等的严格控制,并对锻制扁钢进行各种检验,检验该钢种的高低倍质量、硬度均匀性和力学性能指标,为今后此钢种及类似钢种的生产积累了经验。     

THE HEAT -TREATMENT AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF A SINTERED NICKEL-MOLYBDENUM STEEL

Abstract

The effects of post-sintering heat-treatment on the properties and microstructure of a 5Ni–0·5Mo–0·5C sintered steel have been studied in detail. It has been demonstrated that by using a relatively high tempering temperature after oil-quenching, UTS and elongation can be simultaneously raised above their as-sintered values, while impact-resistance is at least maintained. By tempering at 650–675°C a UTS of 900 N/mm² can thus be combined with 4% tensile elongation and with a Charpy unnotched impact value of 26 J. Properties close to these can be achieved even if oil-quenching is replaced by cooling in a furnace cold zone. Alternatively, by quenching and then tempering at 200°C the UTS can be raised to ～1400 N/mm² with 1 ½ elongation. The constituents of the microstructures, which are generally not homogeneous, have been identified for each heat treatment condition. It is concluded that for this steel, which is predominantly martensitic on quenching, the properties are controlled by the tempering of the martensite, and the heterogeneity generally does not have any pronounced effect on properties. Studies of the effect of raw material variables have indicated: (a) that iron powder compressibility and even the final density of the steel are not a safe guide to properties after high-temperature sintering; (b) that costs may be reduced without detriment to properties by using ferromolybdenum powder instead of elemental molybdenum; (c) that the use of ferronickel powder or codecomposed iron/nickel gives results inferior to those achieved with elemental carbonyl nickel powder.     

铌对喷射成形M3：2型高速钢组织和性能的影响

采用喷射成形工艺制备了含铌和不含铌M3：2型高速钢,然后进行锻造加工.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等研究了铌对喷射成形M3：2型高速钢组织和性能的影响.铌的加入细化了沉积态的组织,减小了M₂C共晶碳化物尺寸,而对M₂C的成分影响不明显.沉积态中MC碳化物的数量随铌含量提高而增多,且其成分变化显著.铌的加入可以提高喷射成形M3：2型高速钢的抗回火软化性和二次硬化能力.但是,当铌质量分数为1%时,组织中形成数量较多且难以破碎的以铌为主的块状MC碳化物,导致钢的弯曲强度和冲击韧性下降.铌质量分数为0.5%的喷射成形M3：2型高速钢可以获得最佳的硬度、弯曲强度和冲击韧性.