镁合金加工工业及技术的发展特点与趋势

本文简略地介绍了轻合金的特点及应用领域,重点论述了镁及镁合金的特性与用途,镁及镁合金材料产业的生产与技术发展历史、现状与趋势,重点分析了我国镁及镁合金产业的发展现状与水平,并指出了发展方向与前景。我国已是世界镁业大国,正在向镁业强国进军。     

镁在汽车中的应用现状与前景

镁及镁合金是密度最低的金属结构材料，彩它们制造零部件对降低汽车自重有着重要的意义：减少尾气排放量，提高燃料效率，改善驾驶操作性能，提高安全性能，等等，镁合金主要以压铸件的形式应用于汽车工业。１９９７年全球小轿车的用镁量约为６７ｋｔ，２０００年的用量可达９５ｋｔ，在下世纪初叶将以１５％左右的年平均率增长。     

镁合金新型绿色产业的发展

绿色制造是现代制造业可持续发展的必由之路，镁合金具有密度小、比强度高和成形性好等特性，符合现代制造业向精密化、轻量化、强韧化方向发展的趋势；镁合金产业的绿色性体现在其环境属性，经济属性等方面，NRC（New-Rheocasting）工艺是一种生产高质量镁合金的新型半固态成形技术，指出镁合金产业的发展必须走绿色制造和无废物加工的道路；建立起节能、环保、高效的镁合金生产体系，形成绿色材料-绿色处理-绿色工序的良性循环。     

山西省冶金研究所镁中试基地简介

山西省冶金研究所镁中试基地成立于2001年，位于太原市阳曲县泥屯镇。 该中试基地是山西省科技厅中试项目之一。由镁合金、压铸件、变形镁合金型材、镁合金板带材中试车问及镁合金中心实验室等组成。雄厚的专业技术队伍、先进的生产工艺及检测设备，严密的科学的管理，制造出了高质量的、规格齐全的镁合金棒、镁合金管材、镁型材产品及系列镁合金。     

山西省冶金研究所镁中试基地简介

山西省冶金研究所镁中试基地成立于2001年，位于太原市阳曲县泥屯镇。 该中试基地是山西省科技厅中试项目之一。由镁合金、压铸件、变形镁合金型材、镁合金板带材中试车间及镁合金中心实验室等组成。雄厚的专业技术队伍、先进的生产工艺及检测设备，严密的科学的管理，制造出了高质量的、规格齐全的镁合金棒、镁合金管材、镁型材产品及系列镁合金。     

镁及镁合金加工技术的现代化进展

本文简要介绍镁及镁合金加工业的发展现状，重点论述新型镁合金研究及镁合金加工技术（熔炼、压铸、挤压、锻压、轧制等）开发方面的现代化进展与发展前景。     

镁在航空航天器上的应用历史和现状

镁合金材料用于航空航天器的历史已有80余年。二战前,用镁合金制造飞机零部件的国家主要是德国、美国和英国;二战后,致力于航空航天用镁合金材料研究与生产的企业仅有美国道屋化学公司等少数企业。当前,美国、中国、德国、英国、俄罗斯、日本、韩国、澳大利亚等国的企业都对镁合金的研发与应用做了大量工作：特别是中国,作为世界原镁生产大国与出口大国,已有20余家企业进入镁材生产行列。     

稀土镁合金的研究进展

从防氧化、除氢、合金流动性、细化品粒与强化作用等方面概括稀土元素在镁合金中的作用，综述稀土镁中间合金，铸造、变形稀土镁合金与快速凝固稀土镁合金的最新研究动向与成果，并简介发展非品镁合金与镁合金的超塑性研究的巨大潜力。     

镁合金的工艺特性及挤压过程工艺参数的确定与举例分析

在简略介绍镁及镁合金的工艺特性的基础上,详细论述了镁及镁合金的挤压工艺特点及其与铝合金挤压的主要区别,例举了大量的镁及镁合金热挤压工艺的参数实例,对研制镁合金挤压新产品有一定参考价值。     

镁合金应用越来越广

据海外媒体报道,由于镁合金具有轻量化、高强度、耐压性、散热佳、易于铸造及射出成形等特性,因此正在逐渐取代塑胶材料,应用越来越广泛。美国笔记本电脑厂商自2 0 0 3年起已开始大量采用镁合金机壳,预估今年笔记本电脑总出货量中,将有5 0 %以上至少采用一片镁合金机壳。由于镁合金成型的优良率与产品品质不仅将成为未来获利关键因素,也将成为系统厂商下单依据,其中镁合金的板片制造、成型加工与表面处理也将成为主流技术。日本及欧盟的环保条例,也使国际大厂开始大量使用镁合金材料来设计零件,加上消费性电子产品轻薄风潮的鼓动,未来几年镁…     

镁基合金的储氢功能

镁及其合金独特的热力学性质可使其用作充电电池的电极材料以及储氢材料,这不仅因为它的价格相对低廉,而且对环境不造成威胁,更重要的是它的优异的储氢功能.该文综述并预测了镁基合金在储氢材料上的应用前景.     

镁及镁合金晶粒细化的研究现状

叙述了镁及镁合金晶粒细化的几种方法，即合金化法、变质处理法、固态变形处理法、半固态成形法、快速凝固法及熔体搅拌法等。细化镁合金晶粒尺寸能显著提高其力学性能．这对推广镁合金的应用具有重要意义。     

Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Microarc Oxidation Coatings on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy

Magnesium alloys are widely used as shells of 3C (computer, mobile phone and consumer electronics) equipments for its impressive mechanical and physical properties, such as low density, good resistance to electromagnetic radiation, suitable for high pressure diecasting and easily recycling, etc. But poor corrosion resistance confines its extensively application. In this paper, protective coatings was successfully prepared on AZ91D magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and painting process. Microstructures and phases of MAO coatings were invesgated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray diffractometer. Mechanical properties of MAO coating, such as adhesive force and corrosion resistance, were also tested. Results showed that MAO coatings were a good base for painting process. MAO coatings with paint have good adhesive properties to base metal and excellent corrosion resistance. Micro-arc oxidation with painting process is a good kind of surface treatment to improve the corrosion resistance of mobile phone shell made of AZ91D magnesium alloys.     

贮氢合金进展

对贮氢合金的工作原理及应用,贮氢合金的基本类型及开发历史和发展趋势进行了综合评述。MmNi5系稀土合金和Laves相合金的开发应用已较为成熟,但其贮氢密度不高,高容量型的钒固溶体型合金和镁基合金是贮氢合金发展的新趋势。目前主要通过添加合金元素、开发制备工艺,改进微观相组织结构并兼以适当的表面处理,以提高钒固溶体型合金和镁基合金常温常压下的吸放氢特性及活化性能。     

镁合金的应力腐蚀及其研究展望

镁的平衡电位非常低,耐蚀性差,长期以来阻碍了镁及镁合金的应用。本文介绍了镁合金的应力腐蚀行为,着重阐述了影响镁合金应力耐蚀的因素,并对耐蚀镁合金的发展提出了展望。     

Ti-Mo-Sn形状记忆合金管在微导尿管上的应用

Recently, minimally invasive surgeries using guide-wire, catheter, stent etc. have spread rapidly as the diagnosis and the medical treatment for a cancer, a disease in a circulatory organ etc. Currently, further maneuverability and functionability of those devices are strongly desired in order to be used widely and safely. Although Ti-Ni shape memory alloys have been used in medical devices such orthodontic wire, guide-wire, it has been suspected that Ni is allergenic and carcinogenic to the human body. Thus the development of Ni-free shape memory alloys has been strongly required. Re- cently, several Ni-free beta-titanium alloys such as Ti-Mo-Al, Ti-Mo-Ga, Ti-Nb-Al have been developed as new-type shape memory alloys. We have been studying Ti-Mo based beta-titanium alloys and Ti-Mo-Sn alloy has constantly superelasticity of 3%. The purpose of present study is to propose the micro catheter with thin wall and high flexibility using To-Mo-Sn alloys tube on the basis of its mechanical properties.     

Progress in Research on Vanadate-Based Coatings on Corrosion Resistance

Vanadate, usually used as the corrosion resistant inhibitor for the paint systems, is one of the substances that have been proposed as alternative to toxic chromate for the corrosion protection. In this paper, the possibility of vanadate passivating from its chemical properties was introduced firstly. Then, the progress and examples in research on vanadate conversion coatings on the corrosion resistance were summarized. And the substrates discussed here contained aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and so on. Finally, the research tendency of vanadate-based coatings was discussed.     

铝合金-镁合金间搅拌摩擦异质焊接研究现状

综合了近几年铝-镁搅拌摩擦异质焊的研完成果,分析和讨论以下几个方面的内容:(1)铝.镁异质焊的焊接性能及其影响因素;(2)焊接过程中的热输入情况及焊缝处的温度分布;(3)焊缝的力学性能及其影响因素;(4)焊缝的宏观、微观组织及其在局部升温和塑性变形下的演化过程,着重分析了金属间化合物的生成、形貌和分布、及其对焊缝力学性...     

Statistical analysis of high cycle fatigue investigations of cast magnesium alloys under transverse load

Magnesium is the lightest structural material used and it is important to explore its properties completely as it is used in aviation, automotive, communication etc., This paper reports the reliability analysis carried out on the high cycle fatigue investigations performed on cast AZ91 Magnesium alloys under transverse load. An Electro dynamic shaker system was used to apply transverse load on the specimens fabricated as per ASTM standard. Weibull analysis was under taken to check and compare the reliability of the investigations on gravity cast and low pressure cast AZ91 magnesium alloys.     

Statistical experimental design of Al–Cu–Mg–Si P/M alloys

The principle that alloys are designed to accommodate the manufacture of goods made from them as much as the properties required of them in service has not been widely applied to pressed and sintered P/M aluminium alloys. Most commercial alloys made from mixed elemental blends are identical to standard wrought alloys. Here we use a statistical design of experiment approach to re-evaluate the composition spectrum of the 2xxx alloys. Copper has the major influence on the tensile properties. Magnesium and silicon do effect some properties, but to a lesser extent. The major value of magnesium is breaking up the surface oxide layer. Conversely, an extensive secondary pore network develops from excess magnesium and this severely limits the ductility. Hard intermetallic particles, which are a residue of the sintering liquid, also reduce the tensile ductility. The tensile strength is limited by the low ductility, which is related to the equilibrium liquid volume at the sintering temperature, as well as the sintered density.