Open Sourcery

Abstract

The reappropriation of abandoned technology is a long-standing practice with a deep history. This is particularly the case when deprived cultures overlap with privileged. Often associated with the underside of emergent technologies, hacker or maker culture provides us with an alternative approach to engaging technology. This article discusses the potential of implementing hacking as a way of making architecture and poetic program. The Dedale studio at the University of Manitoba investigates the civic and architectural implications of discarded technology in the Point Douglas neighborhood in Winnipeg, Manitoba.     

Evaluation models for regional development planning

Summary This paper is concerned with the formulation of a research design for measuring and evaluating the impact of a federal-provincial regional development program upon the Interlake Area of Manitoba. The evaluation process is approached through a comprehensive system of social accounts formulated after the two-region input-output model. The system of social accounts includes both current and capital accounts for business and government and provides the basis for the development of a dynamic model of the economy. The accounts also have special provisions for relating the development program expenditures to the public and private sectors of the two regions.A dynamic mathematical model is outlined that will simulate the growth of the Interlake Area and province over time as the basis for measuring and evaluating the programs of the development plan. To the extent that the research goal can be accomplished, progress will be made in understanding the impact of alternative development programs, in promoting regional development, and in developing a comprehensive model of regional economic growth.Funds for the support of this research were provided by the Manitoba Department of Agriculture and the Department of Agricultural Economics, the University of Manitoba.     

批判的地域主义观念下的建筑设计实践——加拿大曼尼托巴水电集团办公楼设计

以批判的地域主义观念去解读建筑、指导实践具有现实意义,它强调将建筑物与所处城市紧密联系,进行更加一体化的思考,从策略与技术两个层面去回应当地各种限制性要素。本文通过解读曼尼托巴水电集团办公楼项目,挖掘批判的地域主义观念在当代大型公共建筑实践中的积极指导作用。     

Selenium concentration, speciation and behavior in surface waters of the Canadian prairies

Similar to the San Joaquin Valley of California, the Canadian prairies are underlain with seleniferous shale and have recently witnessed a significant expansion in irrigated agriculture. The irrigated acreage in the prairies is expected to further increase due to global warming and changes in human use patterns. This raises concerns over potential selenium (Se) contamination in prairie surface waters and risk of adverse biological effects. To test the potential for elevated Se in the prairies, Se concentrations and speciation were examined in surface water, sediments, and sediment porewater in three water bodies in southern Manitoba, Canada, along a north-south transect with a gradient of irrigation and agricultural activities. A selenite addition experiment was also performed in mesocosms in a prairie wetland to assess the risk of increasing Se loading to the prairie waters. Overall, our results indicate that Se concentrations in the prairie waters of southern Manitoba are presently low except during the snowmelt season, that Se speciation is dominated by selenate which is of lower toxicity than selenite, and that if additional selenite is discharged into the prairie waters, it will be quickly removed from the surface water to the sediment. The low Se risk in the Canadian prairies is attributed to high soil drainability and relatively small scale of irrigation at present. The Se problem as being experienced in central California is thus unlikely to occur in surface waters of the Canadian prairies, although Se contamination in ground water is possible should the irrigated acreage continue to increase.     

Population changes in southern Manitoba: trends and policy implications 1971-1991

"This study analyzes the patterns and trends in rural and urban population change in Southern Manitoba [Canada] and the Winnipeg region between 1971 and 1991. Census data for five-year intervals is analyzed and compared and conclusions are drawn about major influences at work. The conclusions reached in this study are considered within the context of broader regional, national, and international trends of rural and urban population change. In addition, the issues, conflicts, and governmental policy surrounding exurban development are briefly addressed." (EXCERPT)     

Decolonizing the Boundaries between the ‘Planner’ and the ‘Planned’: Implications of Indigenous Property Development

ABSTRACT

This paper examines Indigenous property development, drawing on research into the development of treaty settlement lands in Manitoba, Canada, and Canterbury, New Zealand. It highlights two contradicting ways of understanding this work: Indigenous peoples as self-determining, with authority to develop their own urban planning approaches, and Indigenous peoples as conventional property developers, subject to the same rules as any other private interest. This contradiction is used to expose a need for alternative, decolonial ways of understanding relationships between the ‘planner’ and the ‘planned’, grounded in the recognition of overlapping governance roles and responsibilities which Indigenous peoples are now (re)claiming in the urban environment.     

Behaviour of bridge deck cantilever overhangs subjected to a static and fatigue concentrated load

Innovative steel-free deck slabs and deck slabs reinforced with fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) are a solution to the problem of corrosion of internal steel reinforcement. Engineers have proposed the idea that there may be some arching-action present in bridge deck cantilever overhangs subjected to a concentrated load. An experimental research program was undertaken at the University of Manitoba to investigate this hypothesis. This paper includes the details of the experimental program required to test a full-scale innovative bridge deck with cantilevers reinforced with different top transverse reinforcing bars. The experimental results include specific information related to the static and fatigue deflection related results, strain related results, crack related results, and modes of failure. The experimental test results indicated that the static and fatigue behaviour of an unstiffened bridge deck cantilever overhang may not be completely flexural. The experimental static and fatigue destructive testing of bridge deck cantilever overhangs subjected to a concentrated load suggests that there may be the presence of arching-action. Further experimental research is required to confirm the behaviour of bridge deck cantilevers with a barrier wall subjected to a concentrated load.     

Modelling of induced anisotropic damage in granites

This paper deals with numerical modelling of induced damage in three granites. A continuous anisotropic damage model is proposed in the framework of thermodynamics and fracture mechanics. A second rank tensor is used to describe damage state which is directly related to orientation and density of microcracks. Both time independent and time dependent (or sub-critical) growth of microcracks are taken into account. A simple procedure for the determination of model parameters from standard laboratory tests is proposed. Comparisons between model simulation and experimental data are presented for some basic loading paths. Finally the application of the model to stability analysis of the Mine-by test tunnel of the URL in Manitoba (Canada) is presented. A comparison between numerical predictions and in situ observations makes it possible to evaluate the performance of the proposed model.     

Systems theory education in the civil engineering program at the University of Manitoba

The systems theory component in the undergraduate and graduate programs in civil engineering at the University of Manitoba is reviewed. Proposals for increasing the systems theory content in the undergraduate program arediscussed. The primary element in the proposals is the 'lowering' of the basic civil engineering systems course currently in the graduate program, into the undergraduate program. It is anticipated that this course will first be introduced as a technical elective in the fourth year of the program. The long range plan is to place this course in the second year of the program. The implications of this approach for the graduate and undergraduate programs are analysed.     

Welded wire shear reinforcement under cyclic loading

Describes research at the University of Manitoba, financed by the Canadian National Science and Engineering Research Council, to test the behaviour under cyclic loading of this fabric used as shear reinforcement. Its effectiveness proved similar to that of conventional single‐legged stirrups, and anchorage by top and bottom horizontal wires was adequate. The shear capacity of the prestressed beams tested deteriorated much faster than the flexural capacity.     

Welded wire shear reinforcement under cyclic loading

Describes research at the University of Manitoba, financed by the Canadian National Science and Engineering Research Council, to test the behaviour under cyclic loading of this fabric used as shear reinforcement. Its effectiveness proved similar to that of conventional single-legged stirrups, and anchorage by top and bottom horizontal wires was adequate. The shear capacity of the prestressed beams tested deteriorated much faster than the flexural capacity.     

Thinking with Matter

Mark West considers the qualities of the analogue against the digital in the context of his work at the Centre for Architectural Structures and Technology (CAST) at Manitoba. Unable to fault the computer's ability to provide complex calculations for the fabrication of forms, he insists that the fidelity and investigative potential that he has found in the reality of the physical model and hand-drafted drawing have yet to be surpassed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The economics of an Upper Yukon basin power development scheme

Conclusions What this discussion shows is that the cooperation of the United States and Canada in this development could lead not only to a least-cost solution in engineering terms, but also to a least-cost solution in economic terms. Full advantage could be taken of the existing differential in labor and capital costs. Without such cooperation development of the project does not appear feasible, while with it both countries could possibly obtain a source of energy priced low enough to be competitive in their major southern power markets. In addition, the availability of very low-priced at-site power would be conducive to economic development both in South Eastern Alaska and in the adjacent, mineral-rich areas of the Yukon and British Columbia. A good case, therefore, can be made for a joint approach to the harnessing of the Yukon River headwaters.The author, Gunter Schramm, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, is indebted to the late Ayers Brinser, Lyle E. Craine, Saul Hymans, Lee R. Martin, Stephen H. Spurr and Gaff Wilensky who read earlier drafts of this paper and made valuable suggestions.     

Atmospheric deposition of arsenic and selenium across Canada using Sphagnum moss as a biomonitor

A biomonitoring study was made of the atmospheric deposition of arsenic and selenium across northern Canada utilizing Sphagnum fuscum moss. Intensive sampling was carried out adjacent to the smelter at Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec. An average background concentration of arsenic in the moss of 0.66 mg kg-1 was determined, while most selenium concentrations were below the detection limit of 0.2 mg kg-1. Elevated arsenic concentrations were found in the vicinity of the mining and smelting areas of Flin Flon, Manitoba, and Atikokan, Ontario. High concentrations of selenium were detected only near Rouyn-Noranda. Both arsenic and selenium occurred in moss at concentrations lower than found in Canadian soils.     

园林景观设计数字化技术的应用

本文就几年来本人在数字化园林景观设计技术上进行广泛的应用 ,并对其计算机资料技术、园林景观艺术处理进行研究 ,将它们有机地结合起来 ,形成一个以多媒体信息化应用于设计的技术 ,此技术对其他行业的设计也有指导的意义     

From visions to practice – The role of sensemaking,institutional logic and pragmatic practice

The emergence of a new technology like BIM is often connected with extensive discussions of industrial and organizational development and change. However, predicting the use trajectory of a technology has always been a difficult task. In understanding the adoption and use of information and communication technology (ICT), the way that people make sense of a technology is an important component. Even if sensemaking varies over time, studies of sensemaking processes over longer periods are rare. This paper has two aims. First, to develop a conceptual framework of how the development of sensemaking processes shapes the adoption and use of ICT. Second, to discuss the implications of this for research and practice, with a specific focus on the adoption and use of BIM. The research involves a case study of 12 years of telemedicine use in a Swedish county. These results are compared with contemporary BIM studies. The overall conclusion is that the use of technology is heavily shaped by the sensemaking of significant actor groups. This is grounded both an institutional logic and daily practice in relation to the benefits or disadvantages the group perceives from the use of the technology.     

深层搅拌桩地基加固技术在建筑工程中的应用

深层搅拌桩地基加固技术是建筑工程中常见的一种地基处理技术。本文主要结合工程实际,从设计与施工以及质量控制的角度对其进行了分析。     

Cadmium levels in Ontario moose and deer in relation to soil sensitivity to acid precipitation

This study examines the influence of buffering capacity of the soil on the levels of cadmium in the kidney, liver and muscle of moose and white-tailed deer from nine sampling sites (four buffered and five non-buffered) in Ontario, Canada. Tissues collected from hunter-killed moose and deer during 1984 and 1985 were analysed for cadmium. Tissue from moose in the non-buffered Algonquin Park site (21.9 +/- 1.1 mg/kg wet weight) and the buffered St. Joseph Island site (12.7 +/- 3.2 mg kg-1) had the highest mean levels of kidney cadmium compared with other sites sampled in Ontario. The highest mean levels of kidney cadmium in deer were found in the non-buffered Loring site (15.1 +/- 0.8 mg kg-1) adjacent to Algonquin. From all sites, the level of cadmium was highest in kidney, lower in liver and was often undetectable in muscle. Cadmium level increased with animal age (p less than 0.05). Levels of cadmium in Ontario moose from some regions are comparable to those found in Quebec and Manitoba and are considerably higher than those of Maine and Scandinavia. Levels of cadmium in kidneys and livers of white-tailed deer in parts of Ontario are considerably lower than those in Pennsylvania. As a result of this study, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, in consultation with the Ontario Ministry of Health, has recommended that the public not consume kidneys or livers of Ontario moose and deer.     

钢材强碱腐蚀防护新技术--喷涂聚脲技术研究

喷涂聚脲弹性体技术是近几年兴起的一种新技术 ,在钢材腐蚀防护领域 ,尤其是强碱腐蚀防护方面具有广阔的应用前景。研究结果表明喷涂聚脲弹性体材料的耐强碱腐蚀性好 ,可显著提高钢材的耐腐蚀性 ,结合工程实例对该技术进行了介绍。     

上海优秀历史建筑保护综合研究

优秀历史建筑的保护是一门综合性的学科，文章在广泛调研国外相关研究进展的基础上，提出在检测技术、修缮原则、修缮技术、加固技术、耐久性技术和环境保护六个方面对优秀历史建筑进行综合保护？