An intelligent assistant for requirements validation

The process of determining user requirements for software systems is often plagued with uncertainty, ambiguity, and inconsistency. Rapid prototyping offers an iterative approach to requirements engineering that can be used to alleviate some of the problems with communication and understanding. Since the systems development process is characterized by changing requirements and assumptions, involving multiple stakeholders with often differing viewpoints, it is beneficial to capture the justifications for the decisions in the development process in a structured manner. Thisdesign rationale captured during requirements engineering can be used in conjunction with the rapid prototyping process to support various stakeholders involved in systems development. CAPS (the Computer Aided Prototyping System) has been built to help software engineers rapidly construct prototypes of proposed software systems. REMAP (Representation and MAintenance of Process knowledge) provides a conceptual model and mechanisms to represent and reason with (design) rationale knowledge. In this paper, we describe how in the context of evolving requirements, the CAPS system augmented with REMAP helps firm up software requirements through iterative negotiations via examination of executable prototypes and reasoning with design rationale knowledge.     

一种非均匀自适应分层方法

自适应分层考虑了CAD模型在零件制作方向上的曲率变化,采用变层厚分层以提高零件的表面精度,一般的自适应分层方法对整个零件采取相同的表面精度要求(尖顶高度)。然而在实际应用中,零件的某些重要表面要求光滑一些,而其余相对不太重要的表面可以粗糙一些,即零件的不同表面具有不同的表面精度要求。通过对零件的不同表面采用不同的尖顶高度误差,可以进一步提高自适应分层的效率和零件的表面质量。提出一种非均匀自适应分层方法,用户选择好零件的制作方向后对零件的不同表面输入不同的表面精度要求,然后系统自动进行非均匀自适应分层,分层结果以SLC文件格式输出并可以直接送到各种快速成型系统进行加工。最后给出了分层实例并对结果进行了分析。     

快速原型法在GIS中的应用

由于传统方法在开发GIS（Geographical Information System）系统中有一定的局限性，为了寻找一种合适的开发方法，文中从分析GIS的特点和要求人手，阐明了传统开发方法在GIS中的不足，论述了快速原型法在GIS系统开发中的地位与作用，简述了原型法开发模型的思路，结合基于GIS的森林防火系统实例对快速原型法在GIS中的应用进行了分析，提出了一种适合于GIS系统的开发模式。     

FDM原型系统在企业中的作用

浅谈“快速原型技术（Rapidprototyping）”在企业中的应用前景及在产品开发中的作用，分析国内企业的现状：着重介绍世界上最著名的快速原型系统FDM（FusedDepositionmodeling-融积成形）原型系统在企业中的巨大用途。     

Data Referencing: An Empirical Investigation

The language features selected affect the difficulty of the programming process. Proper choices of variables referenced and those "alive" per statement may simplify both program construction and maintenance.     

激光变长线快速成型系统中的图形分区算法

在建立激光变长线快速成型系统加工过程的数学模型的基础上,提出了一种可对任意平面图形进行分区处理的分区算法,该算法的使用不仅使所得分区图形能满足激光变长线扫描的要求,还可以使平面图形的分区数最少,有利于成型机激光器使用寿命和加工效率的提高。     

快速成型技术及其在产品设计中的应用

本文介绍了快速成型技术(Rapid Prototyping)的原理,重点讨论了快速成型方法,提出快速成型技术在产品概念设计评价、设计验证以及快速模具设计中的重要应用,强调应用快速成型技术提高设计质量。     

快速成型制造中截面信息的计算方法研究

在快速成型制造中,截面信息的计算速度是影响分层处理效率的关键环节之一,文中分析了三角形面片与切平现的位置关系,提出了一种高效的截面信息计量方法,该算法还可用于有缺陷的STL模型的分层处理,采用该算法可以取消进行半径补偿时所需进行的内外轮廓识别这一环节,实际应用表明,该算法使分层处理速度大大提高。     

基于可视外部力/力矩隐喻工具的虚拟样机动力学交互分析方法

在虚拟样机动力学分析中,对施加的外部力／力矩的属性和作用进行了分析,实现了力／力矩隐喻(metaphor)工具在虚拟环境中的直观定义,并基于多刚体Lagrange动力学模型提出直观驱动的交互仿真方法,建立了可视化隐喻工具同虚拟样机间交互分析过程的动力学广义模型．简化了虚拟环境中用户同虚拟对象间的交互行为模型．最后．通过对汽车发动机曲柄活塞部分建立Lagrange动力学模型．并以建立的隐喻工具进行交互分析的实例论证了该方法的有效性以及隐喻工具的直观性．     

虚拟样机技术在汽车变速箱设计中的应用

该文在介绍机械系统动态仿真理论基础,分析机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS／Engine模块中齿轮传动的算法原理和参数化建模方法基础上,采用虚拟样机的方法对某型号汽车六档变速箱进行仿真分析。在Pro／Engineer中建立了汽车变速箱的三维模型,结合ACF方法在ADAMS／View中实现了换档变速过程的运动仿真,在ADAMS／Engine模块中建立变速箱传动齿轮的参数化动力学模型,并对第五档斜齿圆柱齿轮的传动进行了动力学仿真分析。在模型输入端输入转矩作为动力,在输出端施加各种模拟载荷,仿真后得到了与实验基本一致的动力响应曲线。该文为齿轮和轴的强度校核、机构优化及噪声控制提供了依据,为改进和优化变速箱提供了有效的实验方法。     

Local Search Algorithms for SAT: An Empirical Evaluation

Local search algorithms are among the standard methods for solving hard combinatorial problems from various areas of artificial intelligence and operations research. For SAT, some of the most successful and powerful algorithms are based on stochastic local search, and in the past 10 years a large number of such algorithms have been proposed and investigated. In this article, we focus on two particularly well-known families of local search algorithms for SAT, the GSAT and WalkSAT architectures. We present a detailed comparative analysis of these algorithms" performance using a benchmark set that contains instances from randomized distributions as well as SAT-encoded problems from various domains. We also investigate the robustness of the observed performance characteristics as algorithm-dependent and problem-dependent parameters are changed. Our empirical analysis gives a very detailed picture of the algorithms" performance for various domains of SAT problems; it also reveals a fundamental weakness in some of the best-performing algorithms and shows how this can be overcome.     

遗传算法在快速成形轮廓路径规划中的应用

以减少层片扫描中的空程运行时间为轮廓路径优化的目标,以轮廓路径与经典旅行商问题之优化的共性和不同为比对,在采用遗传算法实现快速成形轮廓路径的优化中,将轮廓路径的特点灵活应用到该算法的各个步骤中,有效地缩短了扫描路径中的空程距离,从而有利于提高成形速度和成形质量．     

Business Intelligence Effectiveness and Corporate Performance Management: An Empirical Analysis

ABSTRACT

Business intelligence (BI) technologies have received much attention from both academics and practitioners, and the emerging field of business analytics (BA) is beginning to generate academic research. However, the impact of BI and the relative importance of BA on corporate performance management (CPM) have not yet been investigated. To address this gap, we modeled a CPM framework based on the Integrative model of IT business value and on information processing theory. Data were collected from a global survey of senior managers in 337 companies. Findings suggest that the more effective the BI implementation, the more effective the CPM-related planning and analytic practices. BI effectiveness is strongly related to BA, planning and to measurement. In contrast, BA effectiveness is strongly related to planning but less so to measurement. The study suggests that although both BI and BA contribute to corporate management practices, the information needs are different based on the level of uncertainty versus ambiguity characteristic of the management practice.     

虚拟样机技术及其在轻武器研制中的应用

给出了虚拟样机技术一个建议性的定义并论述了虚拟样机、虚拟现实及虚拟制造之间的区别.在新型单兵自卫武器的研制中引入虚拟样机技术.仿真评估结果表明：所建立的虚拟样机具有模拟物理样机的能力.这种虚拟样机应用的新方法在轻武器的研制中具有十分重要的意义.     

Disasters and Political Unrest: An Empirical Investigation

A connection between disasters and political unrest has often been suggested, but only case studies/anecdotes have been offered as evidence. To test statistically for a disaster-political unrest relationship, a causal model is developed that posits a direct and positive linkage between disaster severity and ensuing levels of political unrest. The model further specifies that increased levels of development, income equality, and regime repressiveness dampen post-disaster political unrest. Using a time-series between 1966 and 1980, Poisson regression results strongly corroborate the model. The exception is income equality, which has the opposite of the originally hypothesized effect.     

虚拟样机技术在SL1126内燃机设计中的应用研究

结合使用Pro／Engineer和ADAMS,建立了新型内燃机SL1126的三维数字化模型和动力学模型,分析了内燃机关键部件的运动特性和受力情况,同时建立了内燃机工作过程的动态数学模型,它们之间的集成构成了一个完整的内燃机虚拟样机．研究结果表明,开发适合产品特点的、高效、实用的虚拟样机,可为产品的设计和优化提供可靠的理论依据,有效地提高产品的设计质量．     

熔焊成型中截面填充算法及软件实现

本文针对熔焊成型的特点,提出了一套适合熔焊成型的截面填充算法。该算法对截面轮廓进行内、外轮廓以及复连通区域和单连通区域的判定,将复连通区域剖分并对单连通区域的单调划分,最后对单调区域进行填充扫描,生成用于熔焊快速成型的数控指令。该截面填充算法采用VC 、OpenGL编程实现,生成的数控代码在成型机床上得到验证。     

Compliance with Information Security Policies: An Empirical Investigation

The insignificant relationship between rewards and actual compliance with information security policies does not make sense. Quite possibly this relationship results from not applying rewards for security compliance.     

Ethical Issues in Empirical Software Engineering: The Limits of Policy

Empirical studies in software engineering can involve a variety of organizations, each with their own set of policies and procedures geared at safeguarding the interests and responsibilities of the researchers, students, the collaborating company, the university, and possibly national funding agencies like the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Health. Each of these organizations have differing goals for participating in these studies and bring widely different cultures and expectations to the table. While policies, procedures, contracts, and agreements set expectations, they by themselves cannot ensure ethical behavior. This position paper describes some of the common approaches to encourage ethical behavior and their limits for enforcing ethical behavior.